National Microfinance Study of Sri Lanka: Survey of Practices and ...

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Strategic Recommendations The key strategic recommendations of this study are that: The sustainability of present microfinance schemes be ensured to protect the current high levels of supply nation wide. Economic recovery initiatives urgently be deployed in the North and East region. Recommendations The main recommendations of this study are that: National Grant in aid funding of ‘hard’ financial instruments in the main be replaced with technical assistance and a range of other ‘soft’ policy tools. The funding of medium term microfinance interventions be conditional upon the inclusion of baseline research and monitoring and evaluation systems that include effective financial ratios such as on time recovery, portfolio at risk and operational and financial self sufficiency. The funding of new microfinance projects with NGOs and cooperative societies be contingent upon the projects being based on financial-systems approaches. Enterprise and business development services be developed nationally. Advocacy initiatives focussed on the de-politicisation of Samurdhi and the cooperative movement be increased. Research be undertaken to investigate the penetration of savings mobilisation among the ultra poor nationally. Competition in microfinance from formal financial institutions be encouraged. The wide scale use of microfinance insurance products be encouraged nationally. National practitioners be encouraged to undertake credit rating assessment exercises.
Wholesaling of loans for direct financial instruments be encouraged nationwide. The Microfinance Network be developed into a ‘stand-alone’ national service organisation. A national internationally accredited professional microfinance and enterprise/economic development training institute be established. A professional member institute for microfinance, enterprise and economic development be established. Major funders and national service providers should become members of CGAP and have accredited microfinance trainers within their organisations. The North and East Region A combination of ‘hard’ financial instruments and ‘soft’ policy tools be funded in the North and East Region. The funding for economic recovery initiatives be focused on the provision of higher-level loans for enterprise development and linking local organisations to these services. Microfinance funders and service providers such as NDTF, SLCDF, SEEDS, Samurdhi and the Regional Development Banks be encouraged to expand into the North and East region. Granter activity should prioritise funding to practitioners that are prepared to practice microfinance exclusively. Granters should form longer-term relationships with practitioners that are prepared to become professional MFIs. Where microfinance activities are funded on a relief-basis or for purposes of community rehabilitation schemes should be encouraged to charge nearmarket related rates of interest and adopt good and best standards of practice. Research be undertaken to investigate the feasibility of using the co-operative movement as a vehicle for economic recovery region wide.
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National Microfinance Study of Sri
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(b) Lenders .......................
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Introduction into the pawning busin
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Microfinance Overview .............
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Savings ...........................
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List of Tables Table 1 Microfinance
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Table 70 Ratnapura District Microfi
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JBIC MFI MFN MIS MPCS MSME NCPPDP N
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Figure 1 Map of per Capita Value of
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Figure 3 Map of per Capita Value of
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Executive Summary This report provi
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Practitioner Microfinance Activity
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As a result the banks are moving aw
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The operating conditions of the con
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Donor Strategies There should be a
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Introduction to the Study The objec
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The survey does not claim to repres
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Introduction Socio-Economic Overvie
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These five years saw a spate of new
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The 'Economic Stream' Employment is
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Microfinance Clients and Beneficiar
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1. Funders of Microfinance in Sri L
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CIDA believes that microfinance act
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The Department For International De
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NOVIB Partnerships tend to be long
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HIVOS The HIVOS Desk concentrates o
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Over time SIDA noted that the loan
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Comment freely given from one of th
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the time period of the project, wit
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Only a very small part of the US 50
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The demand for loans from this fund
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Without permanent access to institu
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This broad strategy means that the
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Beneficiary targeting was generally
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The FCSs were developed the followi
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CARE's new strategy commits the org
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Each CBO determines the level of in
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The project’s overall approach re
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Figure 6 GTZ/JRP - Project Interact
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The Social Development Foundation F
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There are no sector-based quotas ap
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Over the past five years SCN has as
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UNDP in the North & East - The Jaff
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In December 2001 a new UNDP Program
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From previous experience and lesson
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World Vision Lanka WVL believes tha
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Membership Development 3500 3000 25
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Table 14 World Vision - Gramashakth
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ZOA works with community groups in
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At the village society and bank lev
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In Wayamba the sustainability of th
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Table 15 Badulla IRDP - Summary Dat
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DZPDP/WHRDA credit operations comme
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In the initial years they did not f
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Table 18 SPRDP- Loans 1993 to 1999
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(c)Lender-Practitioners The Central
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Society members have access to cred
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The RDBs were re-structured in 1998
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Table 25 Value of Loans Disbursed b
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The total savings and credit issued
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Table 29 Samurdhi - Loans by Distri
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In 1998 SEEDS converted to a separa
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Within the loans from SEEDS funds t
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The Arthacharya Foundation practice
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The program was assisted by some li
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However in general the majority of
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Table 33 Growth of MPCS CRBs -1990
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As at the end of December, 2000 a s
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Some 1,176 of the 1,476 Co-operativ
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A total of 74 NGOs were identified
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Finally only a small proportion of
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Table 38 TCCS Active Societies and
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District Unions - National Federati
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4. Facilitators a) National Level F
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International Centre for the Traini
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Funder-Practitioner Microfinance Ac
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As practitioner experience increase
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Introduction and Approach The major
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State-Owned Banks The Bank of Ceylo
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Starting in 1994, the NCRCS is aime
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The Seylan Bank The Seylan Bank ent
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Figure 9 Linking of the RBIP Tools
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People's Fast reduces loan processi
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In addition, RBIP monitors the impl
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The Hatton National Bank Case Study
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Seylan Bank Case Study The Seylan B
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Until 1961 private pawnbrokers were
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Bank officials stated that PSC staf
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The urban PSCs have on average more
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The lack of flexibility has induced
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From the borrowers perspective not
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The Peoples Bank, on the other hand
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Introduction and Approach Internati
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Displaced populations are dependent
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Large tracts of land have become to
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Public markets, shops, guest houses
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The previous thriving local economy
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The Wanni Access to the area known
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Remembering that these intervention
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This type of situation is seen thro
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People IDPs in welfare centres, sho
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World Vision has been working in al
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small entrepreneurs have received t
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The exception to this is a governme
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There has been some continued acces
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Introduction and Approach A distric
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The MPCSs were equally disrupted an
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The main body of the survey is pres
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Local NGOs 11 NGOs were identified
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Local NGOs 1 NGO was identified in
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Local NGOs 1 NGO was identified in
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Local NGOs 2 NGOs were identified i
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Local NGOs No NGOs were identified
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Gampaha District Microfinance Overv
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Hambantota District Microfinance Ov
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Jaffna District Microfinance Overvi
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Staring in 1998 each DS received SL
Page 236 and 237: Local NGOs 7 NGOs were identified i
Page 244 and 245: Matale District Microfinance Overvi
Page 246 and 247: Matara District Microfinance Overvi
Page 248 and 249: Moneragala District Microfinance Ov
Page 250 and 251: Nuwara Eliya District Microfinance
Page 252 and 253: Polonnaruwa District Microfinance O
Page 254 and 255: Puttalam District Microfinance Over
Page 256 and 257: Ratnapura District Microfinance Ove
Page 258 and 259: Trincomalee District Microfinance O
Page 260 and 261: Vavuniya district Microfinance Over
Page 262 and 263: The Wanni Area Microfinance Overvie
Page 264 and 265: Summary Microfinance Activity by Ac
Page 266 and 267: The NGO questionnaire survey identi
Page 268 and 269: World Vision Lanka works in 5 distr
Page 270 and 271: Given that these figures do not inc
Page 272 and 273: Overall, 13 of districts had levels
Page 274 and 275: Averages Value of Loans Table 78 Av
Page 276 and 277: Volume and Number of Loans The surv
Page 278 and 279: Findings The key and main findings
Page 280 and 281: Service Providers The service provi
Page 282 and 283: those incapacitated by conflict, wi
Page 284 and 285: Cultures of Dependency in Microfina
Page 288 and 289: Conclusion The study found that the
Page 290 and 291: Charitoneko, S. and D de Silva (200
Page 292 and 293: Remenyi, J (1991). Where Credit is
Page 294: Technical Appendix
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