ghana climate change vulnerability and adaptation assessment

Table 5.3 Crop Suitability by Soil UnitsSoilClassMajor Crops Mechanized Soil Description LimitationsS1a Export – cocoa, coffee, black pepper, sweet berry,ginger, mango, cashew, avocado, nutmeg, sunflower,oil palm, jatropha, citronella grass; Food – maize,cassava, soybeans, cocoyam, plantain, bananaS1b Export – cashew, sunflower, mango, jatropha,citronella grass, soybeans; Food – pineapple, maize,guinea corn, millet, yams, groundnuts, tomatoesS2a Export – cashew, sunflower, mango, jatropha,citronella grass, soybeans; Food – pineapple, maize,guinea corn, millet, yams, groundnuts, tomatoes;lowland soils suitable for rice, sugarcane, vegetablesS2b Valley inclusions only are suitable for cashew,sunflower, mango, jatropha, citronella grass,soybeans, pineapple, maize, guinea corn, millet, yams,groundnuts, tomatoes, avocado, pears, oil palm,jatropha, citronella grass, citrusS2c Export – cocoa, coffee, black pepper, sweet berry,ginger, mango, cashew, avocado, nutmeg, sunflower,oil palm, jatropha, citronella grass; Food – maize,cassava, soybeans, cocoyam, plantain, bananaS3a Maize, guinea corn, millet, citronella grass, vegetables,livestockS3b Export – cashew, sunflower, mango, jatropha,citronella grass, soybeans; Food – pineapple, maize,guinea corn, millet, yams, groundnuts, tomatoes;lowland soils suitable for rice, sugarcane, vegetablesS3c Sugarcane, citronella grass, maize, pepper, tomatoes,onions, garden eggsS3d Cashew, sunflower, mango, jatropha, citronella grass,soybeans, pineapple, maize, guinea corn, millet, yams,groundnuts, tomatoes; inclusions only suitable forhand cultivation of cassava and pepperYes Deep red to yellowish red, well-drained loams, pale-colored lowerslope and valley bottom soils, silty clay loam to silty clay upland driftsoilsYes Very deep to deep, non-gravelly, red to brownish or yellowish redhumus of fine sandy loam or clay loams; non-gravelly, imperfectly towell-drained, moderately shallow, red to brownish or pinkish graysands, sandy loams pr clay loams or deep, imperfectly to welldrained,red to pale-colored clays or loamsLimited Gritty, red, yellowish brown, grayish yellow or gray alluvial coarseor loamy sand, well to poorly-drained, and are concretionary andgravelly in the upper soil or brown to gray brown clay loam, welldrained;brown, well to moderately well-drained concretionary siltyclay loams; poorly drained alluvial clays in valley bottomsNo Very shallow, well-drained, red soils on moderate slopes and hills,excessively drained, brown, brashy soils or red concretionary clayson summits and clay loams on middle slopes; valley soils yellowbrown and gray brown alluvial sands and sandy clays; middle andsteep slopes red to dark brown, well-drained humus loamsYes Similar to S2a but with considerable inclusions of very deep, red ordark reddish brown, well-drained sandy clay loam to non-gravellymedium textured soils on summits, upper and middle slopes; lowerslopes and valley bottoms are deep, yellowish brown to grayishbrown, poorly to imperfectly drained hill wash sandy loam, sandyclay loam or alluvial loamy sandsNone; summits, upperand middle slopesNone; upper and middleslopes; upper to almostflat valley bottomsUpland soils cultivablebut gravelly subsoil andslopes limit mechanicalcultivation; erosiveShallow and skeletal soilssuitable for forestry only;lowland soils suitable forcultivationNo Brown, calcareous clay loams Rainfall limitedNo Brown, calcareous clay loams, gravelly Slope, erosiveNo Deep brown to grayish brown, moderately to imperfectly drained,non-gravelly and medium-texturedNo Upland soils red, well-drained concretionary clays, slopewashmaterials, deep red, well-drained loams with seasonally orperennially, ill-drained sandy or clayey, pale-colored lower-slope andbottomsLevees and terracesalong major riversInclusions of gravelly,shallow soils limitmechanical cultivationGHANA CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT 65