ghana climate change vulnerability and adaptation assessment

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Source: Kurukulasuriya and Rosenthal 2003Provide information on thechanging socioeconomicstructure, demographics,technology, and publicpreferencesImproving organizational capacity,responsibility and operationaleffectivenessregulations and technologystandardsLegal infrastructure (reform) forstimulating domestic andinternational investmentChanges in international anddomestic competitionmanagement practices; need tofit specific institutional settingsComprehensive multi- sectoralmanagement plansResilience; flexibility; publiceducation programSocial policies Remove bureaucraticinefficienciesUpgrading of currentEqually well functioningphysical planning laws andinstitutions in otherregulationssectorsImprove coordinationbetween central and localgovernment82 GHANA CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENTadministrative resolution asopposed to being mandatory
POPULATION AND ECONOMYGhana contains 10 administrative regions that are divided into 170 districts. 1 As of 2010, Ghana’s population wasestimated at 24,233,431, a 28 percent increase over 2000 population levels (GoG, 2011). Between 2000 and 2010,the country had an estimated 2.5 percent average annual population growth rate (Table 5.7). The population isunevenly distributed across the country, with the southern regions generally having much higher populationdensities than the northern regions (Table 5.C.1, Map 5.C.1).Table 5.7 Population Growth Rate by RegionTotal Population Annual inter-censal growth rate (%)1960- 1970- 1984- 2000-Region 1960 1970 1984 2000 2010 1970 1984 2000 2010Western 626,155 770,097 1,157,807 1,924,577 2,325,597 2.1 3.0 3.2 1.9Central 751,392 890,135 1,142,335 1,593,823 2,107,209 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.8GreaterAccra541,933 903,447 1,431,099 2,905,726 3,909,764 5.2 3.3 4.5 3.0Volta 777,285 947,268 1,211,907 1,635,421 2,099,876 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.5Eastern 1,044,090 1,209,828 1,680,890 2,106,696 2,596,013 1.5 2.4 1.4 2.1Ashanti 1,109,133 1,481,698 2,090,100 3,612,950 4,725,046 2.9 2.5 3.5 2.7Brong-Ahafo 587,920 766,509 1,206,608 1,815,408 2,282,128 2.7 3.3 2.5 2.3Northern 531,573 727,618 1,164,583 1,820,806 2,468,577 3.2 3.4 2.8 3.1Upper East 468,638 542,858 772,744 920,089 1,031,478 1.5 2.8 1.1 1.1Upper West 288,706 319,865 438,008 576,583 677,763 1.0 2.3 1.7 1.6Ghana 6,276,815 8,669,313 12,296,081 18,912,079 24,223,431 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.5Sources: Ghana Statistical Service, 2000 Population and Housing Census; 2010 Population and Housing Census Provisional ResultsThe most densely populated administrative regions are Greater Accra, Central, and Ashanti, corresponding to theCoastal Savanna and Deciduous Forest ecological zones. The high population densities found in the GreaterAccra Region and districts containing regional capitals reflect the fact that 43.8 percent of Ghana’s totalpopulation lived in urban areas in 2000 (a locality having a population greater than 5,000 people, GSS, 2005). TheAkan ethnic group is the largest ethnic group in Ghana, and includes the Ashanti (whose power is centered inKumasi, in the Ashanti Region) and Fante (whose power is centered in Cape Coast, in the Central Region). Othermajor ethnic groups are the Dabomba of the north, the Ewe of the east, the Ga and Adangbe of the south, andthe Guan of the northeast.1 In the late 1980s, Ghana’s districts were reorganized into 110 districts. By 2006, 28 more districts had been created by splitting some of theoriginal districts, for a total of 138. In 2008, new districts were again created, bringing the total to 170, where it stands currently (Wikipedia,Ghana Districts). Because most of the socioeconomic data contained in this report date from before 2006, they are presented for the 110districts.GHANA CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION ASSESSMENT 83
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GHANA CLIMATE CHANGEVULNERABILITY A
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GHANACLIMATE CHANGEVULNERABILITY AN
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ACRONYMSCAADPCBOCCCDCSCEACEPFCFMCIC
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NGONCRCNREGNRMNTFPPAPAMSCPPGRCRAMSA
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARYCountries in Afric
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precipitation changes is not very d
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AGRICULTURE AND LIVELIHOODSAgricult
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would include concentrating access
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of transparency pervade the current
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alternate energy sources (i.e., fos
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affecting carbon sequestration. Adv
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Information and analysis needs for
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1. INTRODUCTIONThe West African cou
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ABFigure 2.1 Two approaches to vuln
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Mean Annual Temperature (C)2928.528
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The UNDP-NSCP country-level climate
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For most eco-climatic zones, five-y
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increases generally were projected
Page 43 and 44: Table 3.2 Potential change in tempe
Page 45 and 46: parameter (temperature and precipit
Page 47 and 48: emission scenarios gives a decrease
Page 49 and 50: of finance and economic planning, f
Page 51 and 52: indigenous people and more recently
Page 53 and 54: Phase 1 REDD ReadinessConsultations
Page 55 and 56: SC. A New National Plantation Devel
Page 57 and 58: to be developed that provide rigoro
Page 59 and 60: LandownerTable 4.1 Land Ownership i
Page 61 and 62: ProblemTable 4.2 Problems Associate
Page 63 and 64: TENURE CONSIDERATIONS IN LIGHT OF C
Page 65 and 66: the south of the Ashanti Uplands re
Page 67 and 68: Figure 5.1 Ecological Zones of Ghan
Page 69 and 70: North latitude. Minia (2008) deline
Page 71 and 72: Table 5.1 Percentage of producer ho
Page 73 and 74: over a longer period. With the risk
Page 75 and 76: LAND SUITABILITYThe CSIR-Soil Resea
Page 77 and 78: Table 5.3 Crop Suitability by Soil
Page 79 and 80: MAJOR CROPSMAIZEMaize is the most i
Page 81 and 82: Source: Chamberlin, 2007, Figure 13
Page 83 and 84: Total area(ha)MangroveswampTable 5.
Page 85 and 86: Source: Chamberlin, 2007Figure 5.6
Page 87 and 88: Farmers who depend on annual rains
Page 89 and 90: Adjusting timing ofirrigationPricin
Page 91 and 92: Transportation networkChanging Crop
Page 93: Lower world food pricesAttitudes to
Page 97 and 98: Ghana is comprised of crop and live
Page 99 and 100: URBAN VERSES RURAL LIVELIHOODS 3Liv
Page 101 and 102: income; non-farm related enterprise
Page 103 and 104: 6. VULNERABILITY TOCLIMATE CHANGETh
Page 105 and 106: DESERTIFICATION“Desertification
Page 107 and 108: In the National Action Plan to Comb
Page 109 and 110: significantly recovered by the late
Page 111 and 112: Source: Reich etal., 2001Figure 6.2
Page 113 and 114: Source: US Geological Survey, (http
Page 115 and 116: Two other proximate causes of defor
Page 117 and 118: extreme, fire is essential in fire-
Page 119 and 120: gill nets constructed from traditio
Page 121 and 122: upwelling strength) involved in reg
Page 123 and 124: completely dominate trawl catches b
Page 125 and 126: have increased substantially due to
Page 127 and 128: CategoryFishing effort andtechnolog
Page 129 and 130: (Binet, 1995). Even if the declinin
Page 131 and 132: METHODSAs described above, to asses
Page 133 and 134: Indicator DescriptionDistance fromd
Page 135 and 136: Indicator DescriptionUnimproveddrin
Page 137 and 138: lowest vulnerability of any distric
Page 139 and 140: Table 7.2 Social Vulnerability Inde
Page 141 and 142: Table 7.5 Incidence of poverty (per
Page 143 and 144: Table 7.6 Ghana District Names, Ref
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Figure 7.4 Percentage of district p
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Figure 7.6 Percentage of female-hea
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Figure 7.8 Percentage of the Distri
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Figure 7.10 Percentage of District
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Figure 7.12 Percentage of District
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Figure 7.14 Percentage of total Dis
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people residing in thesee regions a
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CASE STUDY: CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATI
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from friends and family to get by d
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CASE STUDY: CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATI
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At Mole National Park, managers exp
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ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE N
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(interview). An opportunity exists
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Upper West Region, 69.8 percent of
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Brong-Ahafo Region that entails ref
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Ghana Limited, 2009). Given the con
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positive impacts, and has upset com
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Basin (total area 416,382km 2 ) lie
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effect. In the drier scenario, the
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Communities are, rightly or wrongly
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carbon sequestration and maintenanc
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Information and analysis needs for
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Table 11.1 Options for intervention
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Barriers toAdaptation andMitigation
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Amanor, K.S. 2001. Share contracts
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Braimoh, A. and P. Vlek (2006). "So
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Energy Commission. 2005. Strategic
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Gyau-Boakye P., and Tumbulto J.W. 2
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Koranteng, K.A. 1995. The Ghanaian
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MSE (Ministry of Science and Agricu
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Rubin, J.A.; Gordon, C.; Amatekpor,
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Wagner, M.R. and Cobbinah, J.R., 19
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Date Organization Interviewee Posit
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APPENDIX 2. TEAM MEMBERSName Role B
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DP - contact person Activity Object
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OrganizationNameInstitutional objec
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APPENDIX 5. SCENARIOS OF TEMPERATUR
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e. RAIN FOREST ZONEBaseline Mean Te
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Aug 191.5 16 12.0 -0.1 -0.5 -1.0 19
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Feb 25.6 3 9.4 -9.1 -29.7 -58.9 23.
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c. TRANSITIONAL ZONEBaseline Mean T
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APPENDIX 8. SCENARIOS OF CHANGES IN
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d. DECIDUOUS FOREST ZONEBaseline Me
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APPENDIX 9. SCENARIOS OF MEAN SEA S
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U.S. Agency for International Devel
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