Art and Design A comprehensive guide for creative artists - Aaltodoc

Examples of inverse relief can be found on architectural
walls found in Egypt. Rich (1988, 7) asserts, the
Egyptians outlined figures “by means of grooves or
furrows cut around forms.” The images appear clearly
strong and noticeable on account of the sun found in
that region.
2. Abstract sculpture does not represent perceivable
realism. Sculpture artworks made in abstract forms
rely on shape, form, colour and texture. They are also
characterised with concept-oriented subject matter.
Ultimately, abstract sculpture is common done by
creative sculptors who get captivated by exaggerating
forms.
3. Kinetic sculpture is rare. Nonetheless, such artworks
are commonly described as installations because
almost always they are constructed and exhibited
within a gallery. Buser (2006, 529) observes, “In recent
years, the number of installations has exploded.
Countless painters, photographers and video artists ...
Sculptors have constructed kinetic sculpture—work
that actually moves because of wind or water or is
powered by an electric motor.” Thus, a kinetic sculpture
may sometimes involve using video or moving parts
and the relation of parts to the whole is important for
the interpretation of a sculpture artwork.
4. Sculpture in the round is an explanation used for free
standing artworks made to appear in three dimensional
spaces. Sculpture in the round is characterised by
three-dimensional shapes and solid geometric forms.
A “free standing sculpture, or sculpture in the round
... is the type that can be viewed from many angles,”
(Michael et al. 2007, 132) for example a statue of a
person or an animal where someone could walk
around.”
Tools, materials and equipment for sculpture
The basic materials, equipment and tools—used for
executing sculptures are many. Bell (1983, 97) laments,
“The particular interests of a sculptor would lead to some
additions and omissions although some tools are made for
specific purposes.”
Here is a checklist of some necessary tools, materials and
equipment used in sculpture:
Traditional/
conventional
materials
These are the long-established materials
used by sculptors. They include clay, wood,
soil, stone, cement, wax, rubber, Plaster of
Paris, marble, Iron or metal et cetera.
Include; stone, mallet, sharp sticks, hoe,
nails, screws, nut, stone, knife and a chisel.
Others include a hammer, gouge, rasp/
file, armature wires and callipers. Also, your
fingers are partly used in habits carried
out by certain tools.
Depends on the artist's inventiveness
and inspiration. Examples may include
a bonfire kiln, a cardboard box for storing
finished works, platform-stand, pedestal,
bench and tables used during moulding
and carving.
It is up to a sculptors' creative mind that
certain objects can be substituted into
useful materials—to justify the purpose of
a favoured material. For example discarded
plastics, fabrics, metal, sand, saw dust,
lacquer or wax, plant glue, bones, mud,
anthill soil and papier mâché et cetera.
From various local materials and found objects we can find
useful items or objects for executing sculpture experiments,
which may later result into powerful artworks. Mujjuzi
(2009, 27) is more enlightening: “Organic plant materials,” are
within easy reach of our learning surroundings.
186 187
Tools
Equipment
Non-traditional/
unconventional
(found materials)