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....~...,"'" c .::: s: .::: ~'" '"~ " c .::: .::: 'E ..9- 0().S " l::§ '-' Q Q c.~,!;lt:~ ]~] '" ~ ~ ;g.:::.~"'";;. '" "l:: i;.~ .::; t: .;;;c '5(, '":s! ] ~0()oJ::>~ 1:: ~ .::: oJ::> ;> ...,'-' '- oJ::>...,"'""'"1•2 --CJ • 3 ---.04 -0---0 5 ---0 • • • • • • • • • • 6 --0---0-.--0• • •D-D--D • • • •0• • • 7•8910 -----D-D---O IEi1 I!!I IIilI I!il m •m 0• • • •ii!I I!!I ~ Il1iI !liI 11• • • • • • • D-04iI ~ JlII D IiIIlI IIIilI CJ---IlI--tB m liI12• • D--D D--O 0 0 13~14 0• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •1516 --D--D----D-D-- • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •17181920 0• • D-D • • • • • • • • • • • • •21 D--D ~ I11III• •2223242526272829m rm l!!!! I11III mJI I!m D-ITnelenath: '36 IC.I.: 0.5023 T;jx;j29 ChdrsTable I.-Character table with cladogram of possible relationships in Texella.Characters and polarities discussed in text.162
pairs) are found in six species: T. kokoweef (Fig.22), brevistyla (Fig. 48), T. jungi (males only, Fig.62), welbourni, reddelli (Figs. 118, 119; althoughsome individuals have only 4 pairs), and diplospina(Fig. 166). The wide distribution, across the entirecladogram, of the multituberculate state suggestsplesiomorphy. This in tum suggests that the highestnumber of AT represents the most plesiomorphiccondition.12) AT rows. A biserial arrangement of AT isfound in species with high numbers of AT (~ 5pairs). Outgroup comparison cannot be used withBanksula or Phalangodes (et al.) where the AT areabsent (or represented by 1-2 tiny tubercles). However,the 6-8 pairs of AT present in Calicina mariposaare arranged in a single row. This suggeststhat the biserial arrangement is a synapomorphy forTexella. Within Texella, the loss of the biserialcondition would be derived.13) Secondary parastylar lobes (PSL2). ThePSL2 are found only in the bifurcata and kokoweefgroups and because of their uniqueness may be consideredto be synapomorpic for them. However,there appears to be some evidence which suggeststhat the PSL2 are plesiomorphic within Texella.First, there is a trend of reduction of the PSL2 in thekokoweef group, the largest PSL2 being found in T.kokoweef (Fig. 15) and the smallest in deserticola,where they appear to be reduced to mere vestiges(Fig. 45). Also, in virtually all species of Texellathe lateral faces of the middle segment bear ratherprominent folds (for example Figs. 53, 96, 106,136, 163, 177, 181, 187). It seems at least possiblethat these folds represent vestigial PSL2. If this isthe case, the PSL2 would most parsimoniously beinterpreted as a synapomorphy for the entire genus(and the loss of prominent PSL2 as another synapomorphyfor the mulaiki group).The several characters discussed above suggest aunique position of T. bifurcata and the likelihoodthat this species represents the plesiomorphic sistergroup of the remaining Texella.The kokoweefgroup14) PSL2 direction. In T. bifurcata, the PSL2point along the mesal axis of the glans (towards theventral surface of the stylus; Fig. 15); in the kokoweefgroup the PSL2 point along the longitudinalaxis (towards the tip of the stylus; Fig. 27, 41, 45).Using T. bifurcata as the outgroup, the longitudinalalignment is taken to be a synapomorphy for thekokoweef group.The mulaiki group15) Postopercular process (POP). The POP isabsent in the bifurcata and kokoweef species groupsbut is found in virtually all members of the T. mulaikigroup, for which it is considered a synapomorphy.In some species (of the mulaiki and spinopercainfragroups) the POP is absent (Fig. 104) and inothers (of the brevistyla subgroup and of the reddelliand mulaiki infragroups) it may be reduced in size(Figs. 50, 92). This structure also exhibits variabledevelopment intraspecifically. In the species withthe largest available series, T. reyesi, the POP mayvary from being extremely large to small (Fig. 132,133), even within a single cave population, and(along with the trochanteral spur) appears to varyallometrically.16) Basal fold of stylus (BF). The BF is foundonly in members of the T. mulaiki species group(Figs. 53, 68, 77, 83, 87, 96, 107, 116, 120, 136,161, 164, 169, 177, 181, 187, 201), where it isconsidered to be derived.17) Basal knob (BK). The BK is absent inBanksula and the T. bifurcata and kokoweef speciesgroups and is, therefore, a synapomorphy for the T.mulaiki species group (Figs. 66, 77, 83, 86, 95,107, 114, 121, 136, 161, 163). Its absence from T.brevistyla (Fig. 76) and the T. spinoperca infragroup(Figs. 174, 180, 188, 198) is regarded as asecondary loss.The brevistyla and mulaiki subgroups18) Stylus length. In the T. bifurcata andkokoweef species groups (except in T. deserticola )and most species of Banksula the stylus is subequalin length to the PSL. Thus, both a longer stylus (asin T. deserticola (Fig. 45) and the mulaiki subgroup(Figs. 77, 83, 96, 107, 138, 161, 163, 168, 175,180) and an extremely short one [in the brevistylasubgroup (Figs. 53, 75) and in T. homi (Fig. 201)]can be considered derived.19) Tarsal count (TC). The lowest TC, 3-5-4-5,is found in all members of the bifurcata and kokoweefgroups and the brevistyla subgroup. A TC of3-5-5-5 or more is found in all remaining species(except T. bi/obata and homi). Given the presenceof additional plesiomorphies in the former group,the higher tarsal count is presumed to be derived.However, an increased TC is clearly a troglomorphiccharacter, best demonstrated by the clinal variationin the reddelli infragroup which is discussed163
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PREFACEThe present volume is the se
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TABLE OF CONTENTSHOLSINGER, JOHN R.
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the state of Coahuila in northern M
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Fig. 2.-Anesia welboumi, new specie
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\\. \ - -' ..........---~\ I// --..
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Mexiweckelia hardeni, new speciesFi
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2 sets of 1 or 2 setae each; dactyl
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AFig. 7.-Holsingerius smaragdinus,
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have as many setae on the inner pla
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Antenna 1 about 33 % length of body
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Of biogeographic interest for the h
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Bowman, T .E. 1992. Two subterranea
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A note by Scott Harden that accompa
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~~..~ ~~ I))\\ "-,'.=bFig. 3.-Speoc
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unarmed, except in pleopod 2, which
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Cokendolpher, LC., and l.R. Reddell
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lobes. The larger setae vary greatl
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the relationships of the order and
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zomids their absence is considered
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some species could be either split,
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have small pores over the surface o
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inhabits tropical deciduous forest
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huitvnolotitlensis from A. stygius
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8-10, figs. 5-7; Rowland, 1973c:136
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(in row) and one pair large posteri
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(0.34); tarsus 0.64 (0.58); total 4
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Abdomen: Tergite I with two pairs a
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setae near posterior margin. stemit
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setae, and ten ventral setae. Stemi
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1,980 m elev., 26 Dec. 1986 (T. Tre
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asitarsal-tarsal proportions: 15:4:
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and one pair setae at base of proce
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Cephalothorax: Propeltidium 1.66 mm
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Male adult unknown.Immature paratyp
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IV: trochanter 1.20 (1.10); femur 3
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Cokendolpher, 1.C. 1981. The order
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Gertsch, W.J. 1992. Distribution pa
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same families and genera, but also
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species from the United States and
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the posterior median pair short and
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great many species of North America
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Key to the Eyed Females1. Eight eye
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39111012Figs. 1-12.-Ventral and dor
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1419 23Figs. 13-24.-Ventral and dor
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27 293334Figs. 25-36.-Ventral and d
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Figs. 37-48.-Ventral and retrolater
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Cicurina blanco, new speciesFigs. 7
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Type-data.-Female holotype from ins
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Description.-Female holotype: Lengt
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lengths: first femur 2 rom, fourth
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Cicurina pablo, new speciesFigs. 10
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canal in nearly vertical posItion;
Page 121 and 122: Cicurina vespera, new speciesFigs.
Page 123 and 124: procurved canal across sac; connect
Page 125 and 126: Cicurina caverna, new speciesFigs.
Page 127 and 128: with sac of similar size set in obl
Page 129 and 130: February 1964 (J. Reddell, D. McKen
Page 131 and 132: County: Diamond Cave, 16 August 196
Page 133 and 134: Roth, V.D. 1992. A new and first tr
Page 135 and 136: LITERATURE CITEDBarr, T.C. 1963. Ec
Page 137 and 138: Muchmore, W.B. 1992. Cavernicolous
Page 139 and 140: Species of Aphrastochthonius are kn
Page 141 and 142: FAMILY NEOBISIIDAE CHAMBERLINGenus
Page 143 and 144: trochanter 2.5 (2.6), femur 5.55 (5
Page 145 and 146: ottom of entrance pit, Ogle Cave (O
Page 147 and 148: tactile seta on tibia and basitarsu
Page 149 and 150: Missouri may be conspecific (unpubl
Page 151 and 152: Trichobothriotaxy of chela generall
Page 153 and 154: Female (figures given first for all
Page 155 and 156: transverse furrows; eyespots not ev
Page 157 and 158: Reddell and W. Russell); I female f
Page 159 and 160: and Acuminochernes, along with the
Page 161 and 162: Chamberlin, J.C. 1946. The genera a
Page 163: (0.36); chela (without pedicel) 2.0
Page 167 and 168: although not recently studied is no
Page 169 and 170: and stylar outgrowths, present in s
Page 171: in Phalangodes (et al.) is thick an
Page 175 and 176: elated species IS probably best int
Page 177 and 178: legs than expected (2.6-3.2). This
Page 179 and 180: ~ 3.3 are synapomorphic); all trogl
Page 181 and 182: TAXONOMYTEXELLA Goodnight and Goodn
Page 183 and 184: 14. BK absent (Figs. 177, 180). SA
Page 185 and 186: Figs. 8-11.-Texella bijUrcata (Brig
Page 187 and 188: Description.-Total body length, 1.5
Page 189 and 190: male examined closely has fewer set
Page 191 and 192: Figs. 26-29.-Texella kokoweej, new
Page 193 and 194: apical region which loses the apica
Page 195 and 196: Figs. 38-41.-Texella shoshone, new
Page 197 and 198: Distribution.-Known only from the t
Page 199 and 200: Figs. 52-55.-Texella brevistyla, ne
Page 201 and 202: Texellajungi, new speciesFigs. 60-7
Page 203 and 204: Figs. 66-69.-Texellajungi, new spec
Page 205 and 206: than S; SA with laterobasal carina
Page 207 and 208: ~81//J/'/ ;'?/ ~~.........--~~I, II
Page 209 and 210: cylindrical, retina and cornea abse
Page 211 and 212: Figs. 93-96.-Texella cokendolpheri,
Page 213 and 214: SA with well developed prong and re
Page 215 and 216: Figs. 105-108.-Texelia mulaiki Good
Page 217 and 218: and McCarty Caves, which are known
Page 219 and 220: Color orange. Body of medium rugosi
Page 221 and 222: Notes.-The type locality was errone
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Figs. 128-131.-Taella reyesi, new s
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Figs. 136-139.-Texella reyesi, new
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Page 229 and 230:
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1989 (W. Elliott, J. Reddell, and M
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Table 3.-Continued.# locality sex S
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mesoapical; patella, 2 mesal; tibia
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Figs. 162-165.-Texella gmbbsi, new
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Figs. 166-169.-Texella diplospina,
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Figs. 174-177.-Texella renkesae, ma
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Figs. 178-18\.-Teulla spinoperca, n
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Distribution.-Known only from Fayet
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Figs. 190-193.-Texellafendi, new sp
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CLASSIFICAnONTexellabifurcata group
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Chandler, D.S. 1992. The Pselaphida
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Key to Species1. Abdominal segments
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stemite VI slightly impressed at ba
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vertexal carinae, and the laterally
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is associated with rotten woods (Ch
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small ventral carina near base, pro
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Grigarick, A.A., and R.O. Schuster.
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Cicurifla (Cicurella) holsiflgeri G
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