1977:80, 82, fig. 1 (part-Cueva Piedra Ancharecord only).Agastoschizomus n.sp.: Reddell, 1981:26, 124-125,fig. 21 (part).Material examined.-MEXICO: Hidalgo:Cueva Piedra Ancha, 19 Aug. 1965 (J. Reddell, J.Fish, W. Bell), 1 immature (TMM). San Luis PotOSI:Cueva de San Pedro, 4 Ian N of Tlamaya, 900m elev., 28 Dec. 1984 (P. Sprouse), 1 immature(TMM); S6tano de Tlamaya, Tlamaya, 650 m elev.,24 Dec. 1984 (P. Sprouse), 1 immature (TMM).Comments.-The specimen from Cueva PiedraAncha may belong to A. styg;us. Material fromCueva de San Pedro and S6tano de Tlamaya maybelong to A. huitzmolotitlensis. All of these records,however, are based on specimens too immature <strong>for</strong>positive placement.Undetermined genus and speciesFig. 3Protoschizomidae: Elliott, 1984a: 15; Elliott,1984b:8.Schizomid: Elliott, 1984a: 15; Elliott, 1984b:8; Elliottand Reddell, 1985:212.Undetermined genus and species (troglobite): Elliottand Reddell, 1985:214.?Agastoschizomus n. sp.: Reddell, 1985:5.Material examined.-U.S.A.: Texas: Val VerdeCounty: Seminole Sink: [=Seminole Canyon <strong>Cave</strong>),Seminole Canyon State Historical Park, 27 May1984 (W. Elliott, L. Bement), entrance talus cone, 1immature (TMM).Comments.- This specimen measures 1.90 mmlong (including the flagellum). It is apparently anearly instar, but clearly a member of the Protoschizomidae.Generic placement is not possible withoutadult material. This is certainly a relict populationnow isolated in a cave in Texas. The only otherTexas schizomid is Stenochrus mulaiki (Gertsch)from the Rio Grande Valley. Seminole Sink: is animportant archeological site and the specimen wascollected from the underside of a small rock deeplyburied in the talus cone beneath the 10 m deep entrancesink. The cone was completely excavatedduring the archeological excavations in the cave buthas since been replaced. Attempts to rediscover thespecies shortly after completion of the archeologicalstudy were unsuccessful, probably because the rockshad not yet had time to settle. The cave is in a statepark and protected by a gate and by a policy of admittanceonly <strong>for</strong> scientific research. Hopefully itwill be possible to find additional specimens andproperly place this significant species. This cavealso harbors a tropical relict amblypygid, Phrynus n.sp.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSWe are especially grateful to Dale Pate, PeterSprouse, and Terri Treacy <strong>for</strong> making extra ef<strong>for</strong>tsto collect in the caves of the Purificaci6n region. Wealso thank the following <strong>for</strong> providing us with material:William R. Elliott, Patty Mothes Jameson,Roy Jameson, H. Lynn McCutchen, CarmenSoileau, Ned Strenth, and Peter Strickland. The loanof material by Norman 1. Platnick (American Museumof Natural History) and by Wojciech 1. Pulawski(Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Academy of Sciences) is deeply appreciated.We are grateful to Mark S. Harvey(Western Australian Museum) <strong>for</strong> allowing us to examinehis unpublished manuscript on scbizomids ofAustralia. The first author was supported in part byTexas Tech University (Depts. of Biological Sciencesand Entomology), <strong>for</strong> which he is grateful.Jeffrey W. Shultz (University of Cincinnati) kindlyread an early draft of the section on phylogeny andoffered many useful comments. Norman 1. Platnickis thanked <strong>for</strong> his initial cladistic analysis usingHennig86 and <strong>for</strong> his encouragement that we learnto use Hennig86. Further reviews and useful commentscame from Charles D. Dondale(Biosystematics Research Center, Ottawa), Norman1. Platnick (American Museum of Natural History),W. David Sissom (Elon College), and Darrell Ubick(Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Academy of Sciences). Their assistanceis greatly appreciated.LITERATURE CITEDAnonymous. 1982. Schizomid. The New Encyclopaedia Britannica.Chicago: The Encyclopaedia Britannica Co. 15th ed.,Micropaedia,8:961.Alberti, G., and J.G. Palacios-Vargas. 1987. Fine structure ofspermatozoa and spermatogenesis of Schizomus palaciosiReddell and Cokendolpher, 1986 (Arachnida: Uropygi, Schizomida).Protoplasma, 137:1-14.Bittinger, S. 1975. Sotano Hondo de Pinalito. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong><strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Activities Newsl., no. 3:13-14.Briggs, T.S., and K. Hom. 1972. A cavernicolous whip-scorpionfrom the northern Mojave Desert, Cali<strong>for</strong>nia (Schizomida:Schizomidae). Occas. Papers Cali<strong>for</strong>nia Acad. Sci., no.98, 7 pp.Brignoli, P.M. 1973. Note sulla morfologia dei genitali degliSchizomidi e diagnosi preliminari di due nuove specie delMessico (Arachnida, Schizomida). Frag. Entomol., 9:1-9.Brignoli, P.M. 1974. A contribution to the knowledge of theSchizomida of Mexico and Guatemala (Arachnida, Schizomida).Accad. Naz. Lincei, Probl. Att. Sci. Cult., Quad.,171(2):143-152.72
Cokendolpher, 1.C. 1981. The order Schizomida. AustralasianArachno\., no. 5, pp. 6-7.Cokendolpher, 1.C. 1988. Review of the Schizomidae(Arachnida, Schizomida) of lapan and Taiwan. Bull. Nat\.Sci. Mus., Tokyo, ser. A, 14(4):159-171.Dumitresco, M. 1973. Deux especes nouvelles du genre Schizomus(Schizomida), trouvees 8 Cuba. Resultats des expeditionsbiospeologiques cubano-roumaines 8 Cuba, 1:279-292.Elliott, W.R. 1984a. Grotto news: UTG news. Texas <strong>Cave</strong>r,29:15-16.Ellliott), W.R. 1984b. A Texas cave schizomid? North AmericanBiospeleo\. News\., no. 30, p. 8.Elliott, W.R., and 1.R. Reddell. 1985. Appendix II. The biologyof Seminole Sink. pp. 211-216 in: S.A. Turpin, comp.,Seminole Sink: Excavation of a vertical shaft tomb, ValVerde County, Texas. Texas Archeo\. Surv. Res. Rept., no.93.Farris, 1.S. 1988. Hennig86 reference, version 1.5.Hansen, H. 1., and W. Sorensen. 1905. The Tartarides, a tribeof the order Pedipalpi. Ark. Zoo\., 2(8):1-78, pis. 1-7.Harvey, M.S. In press. The Schizomida (Chelicerata) of Australia.Invert. Taxon.Lawrence, R.F. 1958. Whipscorpions (Uropygi) from Angola,the Belgian Congo and Mossambique. Pub\. Cult. CompoDiamantes de Angola, no. 48, pp. 69-80.Lawrence, R.F. 1969. The trichoid structures on the cheliceraeof the short-tailed whip-scorpions (Schizomida; Arachnida).Trans. Roy. Soc. South Africa, 38:123-132.Levi, H.W. 1982. Schizomida. P. 76, pI. 94 in: McGraw HillSynopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. New York:McGraw-Hili Book Co.Maddison, W.P., and D.R. Maddison. 1987. MacClade. Version2.1, Cambridge, Massachusetts.Martin, P.S. 1958. A biogeography of reptiles and amphibians inthe Gomez Farias region, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Misc. Publ.,Mus. Zool., Univ. Michigan, no. 101. 102 pp., 7 pis.Millot, 1. 1942. L'Ordre des pedipalpes doit-il subsister? Bull.Soc. Zool. France, 67:141-145.Mitchell, R.W., W.H. Russell, and W.R. Elliott. 1977. <strong>Mexican</strong>eyeless characin fishes, genus Asryanax: Environment, distribution,and evolution. Spec. Publ. Mus. Texas Tech Univ.,no. 12,89 pp.Mothes, P. 1982. Recon to Miquihuana. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong>Stud. Activities Newsl., no. 12:93-94.Pate, D., P.IS.] Sprouse, and T. Sprouse. 1987. Cueva de laLlorona. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Activities News\., no.16:89-93.Reddell, 1.R. 1967. <strong>Cave</strong> biology of the Xilitla region. pp.106-107 in: W.H. Russell and T.W. Raines, eds., <strong>Cave</strong>s ofthe InterAmerican Highway. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud.Bull., I.Reddell, 1.R. 1971. A preliminary bibliography of <strong>Mexican</strong> cavebiology with a checklist of published records. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong><strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 3, 184 pp.Reddell, 1.R. 1973. Ten years of <strong>Mexican</strong> cave biology. Assoc.<strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. News\., 4:31-43.Reddell, 1.R. 1981. A review of the cavernicole fauna of Mexico,Guatemala, and Belize. Texas Mem. Mus. Bull., 27, 327pp.Reddell, 1.[R.] 1985. Terrestrial tropical relicts in the Texas cavefauna. North American Biospeleo\. Newsl., no. 32, p. 5.Reddell, 1.R., and 1.C. Cokendolpher. 1984. Reports on ongoingresearch [The order Schizomida ...] American Arachnol.,no. 29, p. 5.Reddell, 1.R., and 1.C. Cokendolpher. 1985. Redescription ofTrithyreus grassii (Thorell) (Arachnida: Schizomida: Schizomidae).Oriental Insects, 18:43-52.Reddell, 1.R., and 1.C. Cokendolpher. 1991. Redescription ofSchizomus crassicaudatus (pickard-Cambridge) and diagnosesof Hubbardia Cook, Stenochms Chamberlin, and Sotanostenochmsnew genus, with description of a new speciesof Hubbardia from Cali<strong>for</strong>nia (Arachnida: Schizomida: Hubbardiidae).Texas Mem. Mus., Pearce-Sellards Ser., no. 47,24 pp.Reddell, 1.R., and W.R. Elliott. 1973. A checklist of the cavefauna of Mexico. IV. Additional records from the Sierra deEI Abra, Taffi8ulipas and San Luis PotosI. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong><strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 5:171-180.Reddell, 1.R., and R.W. Mitchell. 1971a. A checklist of the cavefauna of Mexico. I. Sierra de EI Abra, Tamaulipas and SanLuis PotosI. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 4:137-180.Reddell, 1.R., and R.W. Mitchell, eds. 1971b. <strong>Studies</strong> on thecavernicole fauna of Mexico. Errata. pp. 1-3 insert in:Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 4.Rowland, 1.M. 1971. Agastochizomus lucifer, a new genus andspecies of cavernicole schizomid (Arachnida, Schizomida)from Mexico. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 4:13-17.Rowland, 1.M. 1973a. A new genus and several new species of<strong>Mexican</strong> schizomids (Schizomida: Arachnida). Occas. PapersMus. Texas Tech Univ., no. 11,23 pp.Rowland, 1.M. 1973b. Revision of the Schizomida (Arachnida).1. New York Entomo\. Soc., 80:195-204.Rowland, 1.M. 1973c. Three new Schizomida of the genusSchizomus from <strong>Mexican</strong> caves (Arachnida). Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong><strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 5: 135-140.Rowland, 1.M. 1975a. Classification, phylogeny and zoogeographyof the American arachnids of the order Schizomida.Ph.D. Diss. Lubbock: Texas Tech Univ., ix + 415 pp.Rowland, 1.M. 1975b. A partial revision of Schizomida(Arachnida), with descriptions of new species, genus, andfamily. Occas. Papers Mus. Texas Tech Univ., 31, 21 pp.Rowland, 1.M., and 1.R. Reddell. 1977. A review of the cavernicoleSchizomida (Arachnida) of Mexico, Guatemala, andBelize. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull., 6:79-102.Rowland, 1.M., and 1.R. Reddell. 1979a. The order Schizomida(Arachnida) in the New World. I. Protoschizomidae anddumitrescoae group (Schizomidae: Schizomus). 1. Arachnol.,6:161-196.Rowland, 1.M., and 1.R. Reddell. 1979b. The order Schizomida(Arachnida) in the New World. II. simonis and brasiliensisgroups (Schizomidae: Schizomus). 1. Arachnol., 7:89-119.Rowland, 1.M., and 1.R. Reddell. 1980. The order Schizomida(Arachnida) in the New World. m. mexicanus and pec/dgroups (Schizomidae: Schizomus). 1. Arachno\., 8:1-34.Rowland, 1.M., and 1.R. Reddell. 1981. The order Schizomida(Arachnida) in the New World. IV. goodnightorum andbriggsi groups and unplaced species (Schizomidae: Schizomus).1. Arachno\., 9: 19-46.Russell, W.H., and T.W. Raines, eds. 1967. <strong>Cave</strong>s of the InterAmerican Highway, Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, to Tamazunchale,San Luis PotosI. Assoc. <strong>Mexican</strong> <strong>Cave</strong> Stud. Bull.,1.126 pp.Shear, W.A., and 1. Gruber. 1983. The opilionid subfamilyOrtholasmatinae (Opiliones, Troguloidea, Nemastomatidae).American Mus. Novitates, no. 2757, 65 pp.Shear, W.A., P.A. Selden, W.D. Ian Rolfe, P.M. Bonamo, and1.D. Grierson. 1987. New terrestrial arachnids from theDevonian of Gilboa, New York (Arachnida, Trigonotarbida).American Mus. Novitates, no. 2901, 74 pp.Shultz, 1.W. 1989. Morphology of locomotor appendages inArachnida: evolutionary trends and phylogenetic implications.Zool. 1. Linnean Soc., 97:1-56.Shultz, 1.W. 1990. Evolutionary morphology and phylogeny ofArachnida. Cladistics, 6:1-38.73
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PREFACEThe present volume is the se
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TABLE OF CONTENTSHOLSINGER, JOHN R.
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the state of Coahuila in northern M
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Fig. 2.-Anesia welboumi, new specie
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\\. \ - -' ..........---~\ I// --..
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Mexiweckelia hardeni, new speciesFi
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2 sets of 1 or 2 setae each; dactyl
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AFig. 7.-Holsingerius smaragdinus,
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have as many setae on the inner pla
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Antenna 1 about 33 % length of body
- Page 31 and 32: Of biogeographic interest for the h
- Page 33 and 34: Bowman, T .E. 1992. Two subterranea
- Page 35 and 36: A note by Scott Harden that accompa
- Page 37 and 38: ~~..~ ~~ I))\\ "-,'.=bFig. 3.-Speoc
- Page 39 and 40: unarmed, except in pleopod 2, which
- Page 41 and 42: Cokendolpher, LC., and l.R. Reddell
- Page 43 and 44: lobes. The larger setae vary greatl
- Page 45 and 46: the relationships of the order and
- Page 47 and 48: zomids their absence is considered
- Page 49 and 50: some species could be either split,
- Page 51 and 52: have small pores over the surface o
- Page 53 and 54: inhabits tropical deciduous forest
- Page 55 and 56: huitvnolotitlensis from A. stygius
- Page 57 and 58: 8-10, figs. 5-7; Rowland, 1973c:136
- Page 59 and 60: (in row) and one pair large posteri
- Page 61 and 62: (0.34); tarsus 0.64 (0.58); total 4
- Page 63 and 64: Abdomen: Tergite I with two pairs a
- Page 65 and 66: setae near posterior margin. stemit
- Page 67: setae, and ten ventral setae. Stemi
- Page 71 and 72: 1,980 m elev., 26 Dec. 1986 (T. Tre
- Page 73 and 74: asitarsal-tarsal proportions: 15:4:
- Page 75 and 76: and one pair setae at base of proce
- Page 77 and 78: Cephalothorax: Propeltidium 1.66 mm
- Page 79 and 80: Male adult unknown.Immature paratyp
- Page 81: IV: trochanter 1.20 (1.10); femur 3
- Page 85 and 86: Gertsch, W.J. 1992. Distribution pa
- Page 87 and 88: same families and genera, but also
- Page 89 and 90: species from the United States and
- Page 91 and 92: the posterior median pair short and
- Page 93 and 94: great many species of North America
- Page 95 and 96: Key to the Eyed Females1. Eight eye
- Page 97 and 98: 39111012Figs. 1-12.-Ventral and dor
- Page 99 and 100: 1419 23Figs. 13-24.-Ventral and dor
- Page 101 and 102: 27 293334Figs. 25-36.-Ventral and d
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- Page 105 and 106: Cicurina blanco, new speciesFigs. 7
- Page 107 and 108: Type-data.-Female holotype from ins
- Page 109 and 110: Description.-Female holotype: Lengt
- Page 111 and 112: Description.-Female holotype: Lengt
- Page 113 and 114: lengths: first femur 2 rom, fourth
- Page 115 and 116: Cicurina pablo, new speciesFigs. 10
- Page 117 and 118: Description.-Female holotype: Lengt
- Page 119 and 120: canal in nearly vertical posItion;
- Page 121 and 122: Cicurina vespera, new speciesFigs.
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- Page 125 and 126: Cicurina caverna, new speciesFigs.
- Page 127 and 128: with sac of similar size set in obl
- Page 129 and 130: February 1964 (J. Reddell, D. McKen
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Roth, V.D. 1992. A new and first tr
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LITERATURE CITEDBarr, T.C. 1963. Ec
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Muchmore, W.B. 1992. Cavernicolous
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Species of Aphrastochthonius are kn
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FAMILY NEOBISIIDAE CHAMBERLINGenus
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trochanter 2.5 (2.6), femur 5.55 (5
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ottom of entrance pit, Ogle Cave (O
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tactile seta on tibia and basitarsu
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Missouri may be conspecific (unpubl
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Trichobothriotaxy of chela generall
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Female (figures given first for all
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transverse furrows; eyespots not ev
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Reddell and W. Russell); I female f
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and Acuminochernes, along with the
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Chamberlin, J.C. 1946. The genera a
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(0.36); chela (without pedicel) 2.0
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although not recently studied is no
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and stylar outgrowths, present in s
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in Phalangodes (et al.) is thick an
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pairs) are found in six species: T.
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elated species IS probably best int
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legs than expected (2.6-3.2). This
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~ 3.3 are synapomorphic); all trogl
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TAXONOMYTEXELLA Goodnight and Goodn
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14. BK absent (Figs. 177, 180). SA
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Figs. 8-11.-Texella bijUrcata (Brig
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Description.-Total body length, 1.5
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male examined closely has fewer set
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Figs. 26-29.-Texella kokoweej, new
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apical region which loses the apica
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Figs. 38-41.-Texella shoshone, new
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Distribution.-Known only from the t
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Figs. 52-55.-Texella brevistyla, ne
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Texellajungi, new speciesFigs. 60-7
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Figs. 66-69.-Texellajungi, new spec
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than S; SA with laterobasal carina
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~81//J/'/ ;'?/ ~~.........--~~I, II
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cylindrical, retina and cornea abse
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Figs. 93-96.-Texella cokendolpheri,
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SA with well developed prong and re
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Figs. 105-108.-Texelia mulaiki Good
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and McCarty Caves, which are known
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Color orange. Body of medium rugosi
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Notes.-The type locality was errone
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Figs. 128-131.-Taella reyesi, new s
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Figs. 136-139.-Texella reyesi, new
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Figs. 144-147.-Texella reyesi, new
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Figs. 152-155.-Texella reyesi, new
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1989 (W. Elliott, J. Reddell, and M
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Table 3.-Continued.# locality sex S
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mesoapical; patella, 2 mesal; tibia
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Figs. 162-165.-Texella gmbbsi, new
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Figs. 166-169.-Texella diplospina,
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Figs. 174-177.-Texella renkesae, ma
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Figs. 178-18\.-Teulla spinoperca, n
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Distribution.-Known only from Fayet
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Figs. 190-193.-Texellafendi, new sp
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CLASSIFICAnONTexellabifurcata group
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Chandler, D.S. 1992. The Pselaphida
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Key to Species1. Abdominal segments
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stemite VI slightly impressed at ba
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vertexal carinae, and the laterally
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is associated with rotten woods (Ch
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small ventral carina near base, pro
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Grigarick, A.A., and R.O. Schuster.
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Cicurifla (Cicurella) holsiflgeri G