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Crockett County: 0-9 Well. Edwards County:Devil's Sinkhole, Rocksprings. Hays County:Ezell's Cave, San Marcos; Marcia's Well, San Marcos,cave at 85 ft. depth; artesian well at fish hatchery,San Marcos. Kerr County: Stowers Cave, 13mi. NW of Hunt. Medina County: Valdina FarmsSinkhole. Real County: Bonner Fallout ShelterCave, 5 mi. N of Leakey. Schleicher County: CaveY, 5 mi. N of Eldorado. Uvalde County: IndianCreek Cave, 22 mi. NW of Uvalde; McNair Cave;Rambie's Cave, 2 mi. N of Uvalde. Val VerdeCounty: Diablo Cave, 15 mi. NW of Del Rio, calyxhole entrance; Four-Mile Cave, 4 mi. N of Del Rio;H.T. Miers Cave, 24 mi. N of Del Rio; Unnamedspring, ca. 20 mi. N of Del Rio, just E of Devil'sRiver; Little Diablo Cave, 1 mi. from calyx hole entranceto Diablo Cave; Slaughter Bend Springs(29°39'N, lOo o 55'W).Gnathopod development.-The gnathopod(pereopod 1) of Cirolanides has a precocious development.Fig. 5 shows, to the same scale,gnathopods from a 5.7 mm juvenile and a 13 mmadult male from the same sample. Although thejuvenile body length is only 44 % of that of theadult, the length of its propus is 82 % of that of theadult; thus the juvenile propus has grown allometricallyat nearly twice the rate of the body. In addition,the palm of the juvenile propus has 3 conspicuousnarrow teeth that are reduced to lowrounded lobes in the adult. The juvenile dactyl isslightly longer and much more slender than that ofthe adult.Precocious gnathopod development does not occurin Speocirolana. Its presence in Cirolanidessuggests a need for the juvenile to handle objectsthat a gnathopod developing isometrically could notcope with.DISCUSSIONThe occurrence of(Mexistenasellus coahila)the same speciesand a species pair(Speocirolana thermydronis and S. hardeni) in localitiesin northern Mexico and southern Texas separatedby about 300 (Speocirolana) or 400(Mexistenasellus) kID suggests the earlier existenceof continuous ranges from which fragmentation hasled to the present isolated populations. A similarhistory for the subterranean amphipod genus Mexiweckeliais discussed by Holsinger (1973).LITERATURE CITEDBenedict, J.E. 1896. Preliminary descriptions of a new genusand three new species of crustaceans from an artesian well atSan Marcos, Texas. Proc. United States Nat!. Mus.,18(1087): 615-617.BolIvar y Pieltain, C. 1950. Estudio de una Ciro/ana cavernlcolanueva de la region de Valles, San Luis POtOSI, Mexico.Ciencia, Mexico, 10:211-218.Bowman, T.E. 1964. Antra/ana lira, a new genus and species oftroglobitic cirolanid isopod from Madison Cave, Virginia.Internat!. J. Speleol., 1(1+2):231-236, pIs. 50-57.Bowman, T.E. 1982a. Speociro/ana pubens and S. endeca, newtroglobitic isopod crustaceans from Mexico (Flabellifera:Cirolanidae). Assoc. Mexican Cave Stud. Bull., 8:13-23.Bowman, T.E. 1982b. Three new stenasellid isopods fromMexico (Crustacea: Asellota). Assoc. Mexican Cave Stud.Bull., 8:25-38.Cole, G.A. 1984. Crustacea from the Bolson of CuatroCienegas, Coahuila, Mexico. J. Arizona-Nevada Acad. Sci.,19:3-12.Cole, G.A., and W.L. Minckley. 1972. Stenasellid isopod crustaceansin the Western Hemisphere -- a new genus and speciesfrom Mexico -- with a review of other North Americanfreshwater isopod genera. Proc. Bio!' Soc. Washington,84(39) :313-326.Dana, J.D. 1853. Crustacea, part II. United States ExploringExpedition, 14:689-1618.Dudich, E. 1924. Uber Prate/sonia hungarica Mehely. Zoo!'Anz.,60:151-155.Henry, J.-P., J.J. Lewis, and G. Magniez. 1986. Isopoda:Asellota: Aselloidea, Gnathostenetroidoidea, Stenetrioidea.pp. 434-464 in: L. Botosonaneau, ed., Stygofauna Mundi.Leiden: E.J. Brill, Dr. W. Backhuys. vi + 740 pp.Holsinger, J.R. 1973. Two new species of the subterraneanamphipod genus Mexiweckelia (Gammaridae) from Mexicoand Texas, with notes on the origin and distribution of thegenus. Assoc. Mexican Cave Stud .Bull, 5:1-12.This is publication No. N.S.-55 of the Texas Memorial Museum.30
Cokendolpher, LC., and l.R. Reddell. 1992. Revision of the Protoschizomidae (Arachnida: Schizomida) with notes on the phylogenyof the order. Texas Mem. Mus., Speleol. Monogr., 3:31-74REVISION OF THE PROTOSCHIZOMIDAE (ARACHNIDA: SCHIZOMIDA)WITH NOTES ON THE PHYLOGENY OF THE ORDERJames C. Cokendolpher2007 29th St.Lubbock, TX 79411andJames R. ReddellTexas Memorial MuseumThe University of Texas at Austin2400 TrinityAustin, TX 78705ABSTRACTThe predominantly Mexican family Protoschizomidae isrevised to include 11 species in two genera. ProroschizomusRowland is recognized for seven species, five of which areplaced in two species groups: the pachypalpus group includes P.pachypalpus (Rowland) (Tamaulipas), P. rowlandi n. sp. (SanLuis Potosi), and P. occidenralis Rowland (Colima); the sprouseigroup includes P. sprousei n. sp. and P. purificacion n. sp. (bothfrom Tamaulipas). Two species known only from females, P.treacyae n. sp. and P. gertschi n. sp. (both from Tamaulipas),are not placed in species groups. Agastoschizomus Rowlandincludes A. lucifer Rowland (San Luis Potosi), A. huitzmolotitlensisRowland (San Luis Potosi), A. stygius n. sp. (Hidalgo),and A. patei (Tamaulipas). Several undetermined immaturespecimens, including the first species of the family from Texasand the U.S.A., are also recorded. The female genitalia aredescribed for the first time for members of the Protoschizomidae.A new system for naming articles in the female flagellum and arevised method for numbering flagellar setae are provided. Thephylogeny of the order Schizomida is discussed, and a cladogramof the families and protoschizomid genera and species isprovided. The available data on habitats and cave life arerecorded. Agasroschizomus patei may be paedomorphic, the firstfor the order.INTRODUCTIONThe family Protoschizomidae is a small distinctivegroup of the order Schizomida known only fromsouthwestern Texas (U.S.A.) and Mexico. The firstmember of the family Protoschizomidae was describedby Rowland (1971) as Agastoschizomus luciferand placed in the Hubbardiidae (=Schizomidae).The subfamily Megaschizominae was named byRowland (1973b) to include Agastoschizomus andthe African genus Megaschizomus Lawrence. Rowland(1975b) later recognized the distinctness of theAmerican forms and proposed the family Protoschizomidaeto include A. lucifer, A. huitzmolotitlensisRowland, Protoschizomus pachypalpus Rowland,and P. occidentalis Rowland. Megaschizomus wasretained in the monotypic subfamily Megaschizominaein the Hubbardiidae (=Schizomidae).In the present paper we redescribe the knownspecies, describe five new species of Protoschizomus31
Page 7 and 8: PREFACEThe present volume is the se
Page 9: TABLE OF CONTENTSHOLSINGER, JOHN R.
Page 12 and 13: the state of Coahuila in northern M
Page 14 and 15: Fig. 2.-Anesia welboumi, new specie
Page 16 and 17: \\. \ - -' ..........---~\ I// --..
Page 18 and 19: Mexiweckelia hardeni, new speciesFi
Page 20: 2 sets of 1 or 2 setae each; dactyl
Page 23 and 24: AFig. 7.-Holsingerius smaragdinus,
Page 25 and 26: have as many setae on the inner pla
Page 28: Antenna 1 about 33 % length of body
Page 31 and 32: Of biogeographic interest for the h
Page 33 and 34: Bowman, T .E. 1992. Two subterranea
Page 35 and 36: A note by Scott Harden that accompa
Page 37 and 38: ~~..~ ~~ I))\\ "-,'.=bFig. 3.-Speoc
Page 39: unarmed, except in pleopod 2, which
Page 43 and 44: lobes. The larger setae vary greatl
Page 45 and 46: the relationships of the order and
Page 47 and 48: zomids their absence is considered
Page 49 and 50: some species could be either split,
Page 51 and 52: have small pores over the surface o
Page 53 and 54: inhabits tropical deciduous forest
Page 55 and 56: huitvnolotitlensis from A. stygius
Page 57 and 58: 8-10, figs. 5-7; Rowland, 1973c:136
Page 59 and 60: (in row) and one pair large posteri
Page 61 and 62: (0.34); tarsus 0.64 (0.58); total 4
Page 63 and 64: Abdomen: Tergite I with two pairs a
Page 65 and 66: setae near posterior margin. stemit
Page 67: setae, and ten ventral setae. Stemi
Page 71 and 72: 1,980 m elev., 26 Dec. 1986 (T. Tre
Page 73 and 74: asitarsal-tarsal proportions: 15:4:
Page 75 and 76: and one pair setae at base of proce
Page 77 and 78: Cephalothorax: Propeltidium 1.66 mm
Page 79 and 80: Male adult unknown.Immature paratyp
Page 81 and 82: IV: trochanter 1.20 (1.10); femur 3
Page 83 and 84: Cokendolpher, 1.C. 1981. The order
Page 85 and 86: Gertsch, W.J. 1992. Distribution pa
Page 87 and 88: same families and genera, but also
Page 89 and 90: species from the United States and
Page 91 and 92:
the posterior median pair short and
Page 93 and 94:
great many species of North America
Page 95 and 96:
Key to the Eyed Females1. Eight eye
Page 97 and 98:
39111012Figs. 1-12.-Ventral and dor
Page 99 and 100:
1419 23Figs. 13-24.-Ventral and dor
Page 101 and 102:
27 293334Figs. 25-36.-Ventral and d
Page 103 and 104:
Figs. 37-48.-Ventral and retrolater
Page 105 and 106:
Cicurina blanco, new speciesFigs. 7
Page 107 and 108:
Type-data.-Female holotype from ins
Page 109 and 110:
Description.-Female holotype: Lengt
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
lengths: first femur 2 rom, fourth
Page 115 and 116:
Cicurina pablo, new speciesFigs. 10
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
canal in nearly vertical posItion;
Page 121 and 122:
Cicurina vespera, new speciesFigs.
Page 123 and 124:
procurved canal across sac; connect
Page 125 and 126:
Cicurina caverna, new speciesFigs.
Page 127 and 128:
with sac of similar size set in obl
Page 129 and 130:
February 1964 (J. Reddell, D. McKen
Page 131 and 132:
County: Diamond Cave, 16 August 196
Page 133 and 134:
Roth, V.D. 1992. A new and first tr
Page 135 and 136:
LITERATURE CITEDBarr, T.C. 1963. Ec
Page 137 and 138:
Muchmore, W.B. 1992. Cavernicolous
Page 139 and 140:
Species of Aphrastochthonius are kn
Page 141 and 142:
FAMILY NEOBISIIDAE CHAMBERLINGenus
Page 143 and 144:
trochanter 2.5 (2.6), femur 5.55 (5
Page 145 and 146:
ottom of entrance pit, Ogle Cave (O
Page 147 and 148:
tactile seta on tibia and basitarsu
Page 149 and 150:
Missouri may be conspecific (unpubl
Page 151 and 152:
Trichobothriotaxy of chela generall
Page 153 and 154:
Female (figures given first for all
Page 155 and 156:
transverse furrows; eyespots not ev
Page 157 and 158:
Reddell and W. Russell); I female f
Page 159 and 160:
and Acuminochernes, along with the
Page 161 and 162:
Chamberlin, J.C. 1946. The genera a
Page 163:
(0.36); chela (without pedicel) 2.0
Page 167 and 168:
although not recently studied is no
Page 169 and 170:
and stylar outgrowths, present in s
Page 171 and 172:
in Phalangodes (et al.) is thick an
Page 173 and 174:
pairs) are found in six species: T.
Page 175 and 176:
elated species IS probably best int
Page 177 and 178:
legs than expected (2.6-3.2). This
Page 179 and 180:
~ 3.3 are synapomorphic); all trogl
Page 181 and 182:
TAXONOMYTEXELLA Goodnight and Goodn
Page 183 and 184:
14. BK absent (Figs. 177, 180). SA
Page 185 and 186:
Figs. 8-11.-Texella bijUrcata (Brig
Page 187 and 188:
Description.-Total body length, 1.5
Page 189 and 190:
male examined closely has fewer set
Page 191 and 192:
Figs. 26-29.-Texella kokoweej, new
Page 193 and 194:
apical region which loses the apica
Page 195 and 196:
Figs. 38-41.-Texella shoshone, new
Page 197 and 198:
Distribution.-Known only from the t
Page 199 and 200:
Figs. 52-55.-Texella brevistyla, ne
Page 201 and 202:
Texellajungi, new speciesFigs. 60-7
Page 203 and 204:
Figs. 66-69.-Texellajungi, new spec
Page 205 and 206:
than S; SA with laterobasal carina
Page 207 and 208:
~81//J/'/ ;'?/ ~~.........--~~I, II
Page 209 and 210:
cylindrical, retina and cornea abse
Page 211 and 212:
Figs. 93-96.-Texella cokendolpheri,
Page 213 and 214:
SA with well developed prong and re
Page 215 and 216:
Figs. 105-108.-Texelia mulaiki Good
Page 217 and 218:
and McCarty Caves, which are known
Page 219 and 220:
Color orange. Body of medium rugosi
Page 221 and 222:
Notes.-The type locality was errone
Page 223 and 224:
Figs. 128-131.-Taella reyesi, new s
Page 225 and 226:
Figs. 136-139.-Texella reyesi, new
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
1989 (W. Elliott, J. Reddell, and M
Page 233 and 234:
Table 3.-Continued.# locality sex S
Page 235 and 236:
mesoapical; patella, 2 mesal; tibia
Page 237 and 238:
Figs. 162-165.-Texella gmbbsi, new
Page 239 and 240:
Figs. 166-169.-Texella diplospina,
Page 241 and 242:
Figs. 174-177.-Texella renkesae, ma
Page 243 and 244:
Figs. 178-18\.-Teulla spinoperca, n
Page 245 and 246:
Distribution.-Known only from Fayet
Page 247 and 248:
Figs. 190-193.-Texellafendi, new sp
Page 249 and 250:
CLASSIFICAnONTexellabifurcata group
Page 251 and 252:
Chandler, D.S. 1992. The Pselaphida
Page 253 and 254:
Key to Species1. Abdominal segments
Page 255 and 256:
stemite VI slightly impressed at ba
Page 257 and 258:
vertexal carinae, and the laterally
Page 259 and 260:
is associated with rotten woods (Ch
Page 261 and 262:
small ventral carina near base, pro
Page 263:
Grigarick, A.A., and R.O. Schuster.
Page 266 and 267:
Cicurifla (Cicurella) holsiflgeri G
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