Comparative Syntax of the Balkan Languages (Oxford ... - Cryptm.org

LAST RESORT AND V MOVEMENT 203absent from nonroot clauses when just Aux is present (2a-b). When li (Q;interrogative/conditional), which constitutes the topic of detailed discussion below,is also present, LHM occurs in both root and nonroot clauses ((3a)-(3b)).Environments where LHM is impossible or blocked include sentences with initialfocus phrases, which I do not illustrate; wh-phrases, as in (4a); or Neg, as in(4b).(2)(3)(4)a. Cel e knigata.read PF-3SG book-the'He has read the book.'b. Znani [ ce e del knigata. ]know that PF-3SG read book-the'I know that he has read the book.'a. Cel li e knigata?read Q PF-3SG book-the'Has he read the book?'b. Pit am [del It e knigata.]ask read Q PF-3SG book-the'I ask if he has read the book.'a. Kakvo e del?what PF-3SG read'What has he read?'b. Ne e del knigata.NEG PF-3SG read book-the"He has not read the book.'The V-to-C analysis of LHM constructions adopted here originates in the 1988manuscript of Rivero (1994a), and has attracted considerable attention (seeRivero 1996 for partial references and some alternatives). Here I defend the viewthat the LHM process found not only in Slavic but also in Celtic and OldRomance applies in PF and shares with other stylistic verb movements identifiedbelow the following list of characteristics.(I) LHM is similar to a syntactic rule in being triggered by a functionalcategory as attractor. Triggers include the finite auxiliary (= T) in (2a) and thecomplementizer li (= C) in (3), whose PF requirements are discussed below.Stylistic rule triggers contrast with syntactic rule triggers only insofar as thefirst are entries that in the numeration display a phonological matrix that mustmeet well-formedness conditions at PF, while the second usually hold just abstractfeatures and so may escape PF well-formedness conditions.(II) LHM displays the structural properties of the rules of the syntax oroperates on the basis of hierarchical structure expressed in X-bar terms; it is neitherprosodic nor morphological. Evidence for this idea is given in Rivero(1996) and includes the asymmetry of LHM application in main and embeddedclauses in (2)-(3), which is better captured in configurational and not prosodicBlg