Islamic Philosophy from Its Origin to the Present: Philosophy in the ...

288 Notes to Chapter 2
al-islåmiyyah (Cairo: Lajnat al-Ta˘l¥f wa˘l-Tarjumah wa˘l-Nashr, 1959); and the
works of ‘Abd al-¡al¥m Ma±m¨d.
11. The works of Corbin, Izutsu, Nasr, and to a certain extent M. Horten
before them have dealt with Islamic philosophy in an integral manner and in
all its richness and diversity, preparing the ground for greater awareness in
the West during the past three decades of the totality of the Islamic philosophical
tradition. Before those writings appeared Islamic philosophy had
become identified in the West with early Peripatetic philosophy, to which an
appendix concerning Ibn Khald¨n and one or two other later Islamic philosophers
were added. The writings of Corbin are particularly important in
dispelling this illusion. See also S. H. Nasr, The Islamic Intellectual Tradition
in Persia.
12. On the meaning of falsafah, the problems of its study, and its
definitions with citations of the views of many scholars, see Georges C. Anawati,
“Philosophie médiévale en terre d’Islam,” in his Etudes de philosophie musulmane
(Paris: Vrin, 1974), pp. 1–67; and Christel Hein, Definition und Einteilung der
Philosophie von der spätantiken Einleitungs-Literature zur arabischen Enzyklopädie
(Bern and New York: Lang, 1985).
13. This verse has of course been interpreted in other ways by other
schools of thought in Islam.
14. Al-Dårim¥, in the Muqaddimah, p. 34.
15. Ibid.
16. Mu∑†afå ‘Abd al-Råziq, Tamh¥d li-ta˘r¥kh al-falsafat al-islåmiyyah, p.
45, where reference is also made to various other Islamic sources using the
term ÷ikmah.
17. See The Fihrist of al-Nad¥m, trans. B. Dodge (New York: Columbia
University Press, 1970), vol. 2, p. 581.
18. From his On First Philosophy quoted by Ahmed Fouad El-Ehwany,
“Al-Kindi,” in A History of Muslim Philosophy, M. M. Sharif (ed.), vol. 1, p. 424.
19. The meaning of demonstration as used in Islamic thought is not exactly
the same as one finds in modern Western logic and has an element of
certitude in it that is derived from the illumination of the mind by the light
of the Intellect.
20. See al-Fåråb¥, Kitåb al-÷ur¶f (Book of Letters), Muhsin Mahdi (ed.)
(Beirut: Dår al-Mashriq, 1968), pp. 153–57.
21. See al-Jam‘ bayn ra˘yay al-÷ak¥mayn Afl冶n al-ilåh¥ wa Aris†¶
(Hyderabad, Daccan: Dåiratu˘l-Ma‘årifi˘l-Osmånia, 1968), pp. 36–37.
22. Ibn S¥nå, ‘Uy¶n al-÷ikmah (Cairo: Hindiyyah, 1326), p. 30.