424_2061_A.B.

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7.2. Translation IndeterminacyBy and large, translators rarely commit themselves to oneparticular method or strategy. More often than not, diversemethods or strategies bring about a miscellany of translations.Furthermore, there can be more than one accurate or acceptabletranslation of the same source text furnished by differenttranslators or even the same translator at different times. Thepossibility of generating more than one translation has promptedWillard Quine (1960:in Baker,2005: 11) to propound the thesisof the indeterminacy of translation. It is based on the notion thatthere are always different ways one might break a sentence intowords, and different ways to distribute functions among words,hence there is no unique meaning that can be assigned to wordsor sentences.Quine (Ibid) unequivocally postulates that there is always apossibility that the same expression or an expression and itstranslation equivalent could give voice to different modes ofpresentation i . This is in fact, the crux of the Quineanindeterminacy which, we nevertheless maintain, applies tocertain, but not all, types of texts as has already been explicatedin the determinacy of translation.Translators are typically evaluated according to theextent to which they approximate maximal preservationof meaning in rendering non-literary texts, whereas theyare evaluated according to the extent to which theytransfer the aesthetic values and create an equivalentsense besides the preservation of theoriginal meaning. Explicitly, the inherent subjectivity,aestheticity and the relativist construal in translationpractices render literary translation, especially poetry,totally indeterminate. Indeterminacy, is thus thecorollary of literature, be it original or translated, as it is
prone to various interpretations and different mannersof aesthetic expression. This is easily manifested in thelethora of translations of celebrated works such as thoseby Shakespeare and the Qur'an which is unanimouslydeemed an imitable divine literary masterpiece. Hereare instances of the different translations of theintroductory phrase of almost all the Qur'anic surasexcept one, i.e., the besmala where the translatorsvary not only in using either the transliterated formAllah or the English equivalent God, but also in the twoadjectives or epithets: - All-Merciful, Most Merciful(Abdalhaqq and Aisha Bewley )- Most Gracious, Most Merciful(Ali, Abdullah Yusuf), and (Mushaf Al-MadinahAn-Nabawiyah)- The Merciful, the Compassionate)(Arberry and Kassub)- THE MOST GRACIOUS,THE DISPENSEROF GRACE (Asad)- The Compassionate, the Merciful(Dawood, and Maududi)- The All-Merciful, The Ever-Merciful(Ghali)- The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful- (Al-Hayik and Hilali and Khan)- The Mercy-giving, the Most Merciful(Irving )
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Translation Theories, StrategiesAnd
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ContentsPagePreface……………
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4.2.2. Syntactic Modification Strat
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PrefaceIt is perhaps axiomatic to s
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Chapter OnePreliminaries: Definitio
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the target text we distinguish betw
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content. The second type deems the
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features and different accents, qui
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oadcasting station dar al-idaaahere
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On the other hand, monolingual audi
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2.1.The First PeriodThis period sta
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French humanist Etienne Dolet who h
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This contemporary period has witnes
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-representation. These systems requ
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Chapter ThreeTranslation Theories:
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is the ‘first systematic investig
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can be justified on this basis.”
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3..4.1.1. Informative: It is concer
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ehaviournon-intentionalintentional
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3.5 . Sociolinguistic TheoriesThese
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TT into line with a particular mode
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SL AuthorTL ReaderSL Encoder Gramma
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two languages are never identical i
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comes Webster’s definition of ‘
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Ideally, Bell (p. 27) rightly maint
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equivalence in the target language
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to be very tactful and eclectic in
Page 55 and 56: in which the original text undergoe
Page 57 and 58: the Arabic emphatic devices such as
Page 59 and 60: than stock market. Anani has replac
Page 61 and 62: African countries. She coaches the
Page 63 and 64: 4.2.6. Paraphrasing StrategyContrar
Page 65 and 66: Part TwoBasic Theoretical Issues65
Page 67 and 68: the native speakers of the two lang
Page 69 and 70: NiL or zero equivalence wherein the
Page 71 and 72: ‘dress the child’. To ‘dress
Page 73 and 74: The above collocations obviously po
Page 75 and 76: Chapter SixTranslation Loss and Gai
Page 77 and 78: 6.1.1.2. Levels of Loss6.1.1.2.1. M
Page 79 and 80: - Then which of the favours 5180Of
Page 81 and 82: improbable (unlikely to happen) and
Page 83 and 84: - If Allah willed, He could destroy
Page 85 and 86: - As for those who reject faith, I
Page 87 and 88: 6.1.1.2.3. Semantic LevelThis kind
Page 89 and 90: ecurrent coordinator wa which recu
Page 91 and 92: According to At-Tabari and Ibn Kath
Page 93 and 94: (Mushaf Al-Madinah An-Nabawiyah: 18
Page 95 and 96: Nicholson has not only introduced t
Page 97 and 98: Chapter SevenTranslation Determinac
Page 99 and 100: leased for and during the term comm
Page 101 and 102: .1 .2 .3By the same token, the tran
Page 103 and 104: A static translation determined by
Page 105: .( 21,) .TT:I recalled the long cha
Page 109 and 110: khtar Al-Wakil: "". Hussein
Page 111 and 112: So much do I love wanderingSo much
Page 113 and 114: Version 2In your stillness, is ther
Page 115 and 116: Word-for-word translation do not fi
Page 117 and 118: Verbal-----commencementyastatii'u r
Page 119 and 120: 8.3. Exemplification8.3.1. English
Page 121 and 122: 8.4. Rendition of English Prepositi
Page 123 and 124: 8.5.1.3. ?ala - Kaana ?ala haqq (He
Page 125 and 126: ()- She will/would keep interruptin
Page 127 and 128: - As- Safi, A.B. (trans).1980. Taha
Page 129 and 130: - Hervey, Sandor and Higgins, Ian.
Page 131 and 132: - Reiss, Katherina. 1977. “Text-t
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