Evaluation of the Ticket to Work Program, Implementation ...

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8Only a few beneficiary characteristics predict whether they participate with differenttypes of providers or with providers using different TTW payment systems. Further, evenfor those having all of the characteristics that have a positive association with participation,the participation is low—under 10 percent. Groups that are more likely to assign theirTickets to ENs rather than SVRAs include older beneficiaries, new beneficiaries, and DIbeneficiaries in their extended period of eligibility. Groups that are more likely to assigntheir Tickets to SVRAs include younger beneficiaries, those who require communicationfrom SSA in some form other than written English or Spanish, and those with hearingimpairments. As a rule, SVRAs accept very few assignments under either of the newpayments systems, although there are two significant exceptions among Phase 1 states(Oklahoma and Vermont) and another two among Phase 2 states (Connecticut andLouisiana).This chapter extends the findings presented in our initial evaluation report throughMarch 2004 (the initial report included data through August 2003). The chapterincorporates data elements that were not available to us for the earlier report and presentsadditional analyses. We therefore summarize the findings from the more recent analysis,focusing on how old findings have changed and on findings that are completely new. Themajor sections present updated rollout and participation statistics as well as analyses of howparticipation rates vary among beneficiary subgroups and of how provider and payment typevary with beneficiary characteristics. More extensive statistics appear in Appendix B.A. ROLLOUT STATISTICS1. Ticket Mailings and Eligible Beneficiaries with TicketsAs of March 2004, SSA had mailed over 7.3 million Tickets to beneficiaries. By design,the schedule for the Phase 2 and 3 mailings was slower and more uniform than the schedulefor the Phase 1 mailings (Figure II.1). The change was made in response to the difficultiesexperienced by providers and others in Phase 1 states in handling the large number ofbeneficiary inquiries generated by the mailings. 1As of March 2004, there were 2.64 million eligible beneficiaries in Phase 1 states and2.79 million in Phase 2 states. The Phase 3 data through March 2004 imply thatapproximately 3.5 million beneficiaries were selected to receive tickets, so approximatelynine million Tickets were to be mailed by the end of the TTW rollout in September 2004 (byMarch 2005 more than 10 million Tickets had been mailed).1 See Appendix A for the rollout schedule and a list of states by phase.II: Beneficiary Participation in Ticket to Work
9Figure II.1.Ticket Mailings, by Month and Phase (in thousands)8007006005004003002001000Feb. 02Mar. 02Apr. 0202-MayJun. 02Jul. 02Aug. 02Sep. 02Oct. 02Nov. 02Dec. 02Jan. 03Feb. 03Mar. 03Apr. 0303-MayJun. 03Jul. 03Aug. 03Sep. 03Oct. 03Nov. 03Dec. 03Jan. 04Feb. 04Mar. 04Phase 1 States Phase 2 States Phase 3 StatesSource: January 2005 extract from SSA’s Disability Control File.2. Participation RateThe TTW participation rate is defined as the number of “in-use” Tickets (i.e., Ticketsassigned to providers) as a percentage of current Ticket-eligible beneficiaries. By March2004, 52,270 Tickets were in use (by March 2005 more than 85,000 Tickets were in use).Over half of these Tickets were held by beneficiaries residing in Phase 1 states, reflecting therollout schedule. As documented in our initial evaluation report, the participation rate inPhase 1 states was only 0.74 percent as of August 2003. We have revised this August 2003estimate upward to 0.88 percent, based on more recent data that show that the reporting ofassignments is often delayed by several months. By March 2004, the rate was still low inPhase 1 states, but the increase has continued, reaching 1.12 percent (Figure II.2). 22 This March 2004 estimate is based on reporting through mid January of 2005.II: Beneficiary Participation in Ticket to Work
Page 3 and 4: A CKNOWLEDGMENTSThe Ticket To Work
Page 8 and 9: viiiChapterVI(CONTINUED)PageF. SUMM
Page 10 and 11: xChapterPageAPPENDIX A: TICKET TO W
Page 12 and 13: xiiTableVIII.3IX.1IX.2IX.3IX.4IX.5I
Page 14 and 15: xivFigureIII.5III.6III.7III.8III.9P
Page 16 and 17: xviIX.3EARNINGS OF BENEFICIARIES WI
Page 18 and 19: xviiiMIENBSNPRMOAGPABSSPSUSGASSASSI
Page 20 and 21: xxIn Phase 3, which began in Novemb
Page 22 and 23: xxiigroups of beneficiaries that Co
Page 24 and 25: xxivimprove TTW, therefore, is to f
Page 26 and 27: 2of disability beneficiaries, and i
Page 28 and 29: 4country. Phase 2 began in November
Page 30 and 31: Page Is Intentionally Left Blank to
Page 34 and 35: 10Figure II.2.Participation Rate, b
Page 36 and 37: 12Figure II.4.First Assignments at
Page 38 and 39: 14before Ticket, it is perhaps surp
Page 40 and 41: 16was selected for Phase 3. This ma
Page 42 and 43: 18All of the statistics in this sec
Page 44 and 45: Table II.2. Beneficiary Groups with
Page 46 and 47: 22In all Phase 1 and Phase 2 states
Page 48 and 49: 24Figure II.8. Ticket Participation
Page 50 and 51: 26Adjustments for all other charact
Page 52 and 53: 28In general, provider and payment
Page 54 and 55: 30next report, we will conduct more
Page 56 and 57: 32Figure III.2.Living Arrangements
Page 58 and 59: 34• Less likely to have reported
Page 60 and 61: 36Figure III.7.Prevalence of Diffic
Page 62 and 63: 38are more likely than all benefici
Page 64 and 65: 40Table III.1.Income and Program Pa
Page 66 and 67: 42coverage through their own employ
Page 68 and 69: 44sizable percentage of TTW partici
Page 70 and 71: 46Overall, 9 percent of working-age
Page 72 and 73: 48leave the rolls in the next year,
Page 74 and 75: 50next year and in the next five ye
Page 76 and 77: 52in their characteristics, levels
Page 78 and 79: 54percentage points to 3.7 percent.
Page 80 and 81: 56Figure IV.2. Phase 1 Ticket Recip
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58situation described in the preced
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60the end of the follow-up period w
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62Figure IV.6. Average Monthly Bene
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Page Is Intentionally Left Blank to
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66ENs were reluctant to expand serv
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68As of July 2004, there were about
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70But most EN representatives saw T
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72Figure V.2. Number of EN Terminat
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74received a total of just about $2
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76Relatively few ENs have received
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78According to their representative
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80Five EN officials recognized that
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82This was particularly true for so
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84• Another EN representative fou
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86• A third EN received 50 calls
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88resolve administrative issues suc
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90• Raise payments for SSI benefi
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92Finally, the real and perceived w
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94efforts to obtain Ticket assignme
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96SSA payments to SVRAs under the T
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98Figure VI.3. Total SSA Payments t
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100assigning their Tickets to ENs (
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102Table VI.1. SVRA Ticket Assignme
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104case, the counselor selects the
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106• Most of the agreements requi
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108needs of SSA beneficiaries and,
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110to the SVRA under the traditiona
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112Tickets each month from November
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114about submitting virtually ident
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116To make EN recruiting efforts mo
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118E. EN ENROLLMENTThe Program Mana
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120beneficiaries who have achieved
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122quarterly basis if they have rec
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124SSA’s approval of systems spec
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128have accepted. But even at that
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130For beneficiaries who express an
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132rehabilitation counselors (Burea
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134generated a payment to an EN gen
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136the milestone-outcome payment ge
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138system is used so infrequently t
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140One option is for ENs to try to
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142approximations. Our planned anal
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144Figure IX.1. Ticket-Eligible Ben
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146Table IX.2.TTW Participation Rat
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148Figure IX.3. Earnings of Benefic
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150Compared with other beneficiarie
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152Like all other beneficiaries who
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This kind of mixed success in the e
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C. SVRA PARTICIPATION REMAINS STRON
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serving beneficiaries who are simil
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observe changes in their employment
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Mashaw, Jerry L., and Virginia P. R
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A-2Table A.1 (continued)Time Period
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Table B.1. DefinitionsB-2Variable D
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Table B.1 (continued)B-4Variable De
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Table B.1 (continued)Variable Defin
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B-8Table B.3. Participation Rate by
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B-10C. PARTICIPATION RATES BY BENEF
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Table B.6. Participation Rates by C
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Table B.6 (continued)Group Definiti
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Table B.6 (continued)B-16Group Defi
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C-2survey. Whenever possible, the i
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C-4given the large number of benefi
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C-6• Young SSI recipients who are
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C-8beneficiary may have had with EN
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C-10Table C.2. Overview of the Nati
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C-12Sample completes (n=1,178) and
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C.14Table C.3 (continued)AllIntervi
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C.16Table C.5. Final Weighted and U
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C.18Table C.7. Sociodemographic Cha
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C.20Table C.9. Health Status (Figur
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C.22Table C.11. Program Participati
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C.24Table C.14. Awareness of TTW (F
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C.26Table C.16. Employment Expectat
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D-2Table D.1. Selected Characterist
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D-4information from two pretest int
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