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18Regarding the financing of such services, UK careers services are funded in a variety of ways.However, for most there are at least 2 major sources of funding:• University Funding: The University finances careers services (usually in terms of salary costs,premises, etc). This funding is in many instances very substantial but for some institutionsit has been fairly static in real terms over the past few years.• Income Generation: Many careers departments generate significant sums of income oftenfrom particular projects they undertake, but most significantly from employers.2.2. Activities of careers servicesAlthough the variety of activities careers services undertake can vary from institution to institution,they can broadly be grouped under 3 key areas: work with students; work with employers;and work with academics.2.2.1. Work with studentsWork with students is normally the most important aspect of what careers services do. Most careersservices offer a wide variety of activities to all their students (and in many cases theirstaff) who are currently studying at the institution, or have recently left. Some will also offerlimited help to other students not from their own institution. A list of some of the activities offeredby the Careers Department at Bristol gives an indication of some of the activities a careersservice in the UK would provide:• Drop-In sessions: Normally 10-15 minutes in length, the sessions allow students to visit theservice and see a careers adviser to discuss any careers areas. Students are not required tobook these in advance. The sessions are often used for CV and Application Form checking.• Longer Careers Discussions: The sessions normally need to be booked in advance by studentsand last 45 minutes to 1 hour. These are confidential discussions on any careers-related issuewhich the student wishes to discuss.• Careers Information: Offer help to students on obtaining more details on a wide range ofcareers-related topics which the service has information on.• Careers Talks: On a variety of career areas, e.g. Teaching, Marketing, Accountancy, Workingin Charities. Often will involve employers in this process, who are invited through contactswe have and who attend free-of-charge.• Skills Sessions: Workshops focusing on the transferable skills required by employers e.g.Teamwork, Presentation Skills, Negotiation Skills.• Workshops: Covering all areas directly related to recruitment, such as CVs, Applications andInterviews, these workshops are delivered in small groups (3 or 4 students), as well as inlarger groups (20+).• Practice Tests: To help students prepare for tests that employers offer. They mirror the actualtests used by employers.General features and activities of career advising services: Case study from the United Kingdom