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NOTES 29344. Robert Silverberg, Mound Builders of Ancient America: The Archaeologyof a Myth (Greenwich, Conn.: New York Graphic Society, 1968), p. 312.45. M.L. Gregg, "A Population Estimate for Cahokia," in Perspectives in CahokiaArchaeology: Illinois Archaeological Survey Bulletin, 10 (1975), pp. 126-36; Fiedel, Prehistory of the Americas, p. 249.46. Carl 0. Sauer, "The March of Agriculture Across the Western World," inSauer, Selected Essays 1963-1975 (Berkeley: Turtle Island Foundation, 1981), pp.46-47.47. Russell Thornton, American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A PopulationHistory Since 1492 (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1987), p. 32; Dobyns,Their Number Become Thinned , pp. 42, 298.48. The best introduction to the formative village phase of pre-Olmec culturein the Valley of Oaxaca is Kent V. Flannery, ed., The Early Mesoamerican Village(New York: Academic Press, 1976). For early examples of different viewpointsregarding the Olmecs as the single initiators of Mesoamerican civilization, see MichaelCoe, Mexico (New York: Praeger, 1962); and Kent V. Flannery, "The Olmecand the Valley of Oaxaca: A Model for Interregional Interaction in FormativeTimes," in E.P. Benson, ed., Dumbarton Oaks Conference on the Olmec (Washington:Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, 1968), pp. 79-110.There no longer is any doubt, however, that complex societies existed in southeasternMesoamerica prior to the rise of Olmec civilization; see, for example, JohnE. Clark, "The Beginnings of Mesoamerica: Apologia for the Soconusco EarlyFormative," and Michael Blake, "An Emerging Early Formative Chiefdom at Pasode Ia Amada," both in William R. Fowler, Jr., ed., The Formation of ComplexSociety in Southeastern Mesoamerica (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1991), pp. 13-26,27-46.49. Michael D. Coe, Mexico, revised and enlarged edition (London: Thamesand Hudson, 1984), p. 68.50. See Rene Millon, Urbanization at Teotihuacan, Mexico (Austin: Universityof Texas Press, 1973); George L. Cowgill, "Quantitative Studies of Urbanizationat Teotihuacan," in Norman Hammond, ed., Mesoamerican Archaeology: NewApproaches (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1974), pp. 363-96.51. Coe, Mexico, rev. ed., p. 93.52. Ibid., p. 101.53. This interpretation of Monte Alban's political status remains controversial.See Richard E. Blanton, Monte Alban: Settlement Patterns at the Ancient ZapotecCapital (New York: Academic Press, 1978), and Gordon R. Willey, "The Conceptof the 'Disembedded Capital' in Comparative Perspective," Journal of AnthropologicalResearch, 35 (1979), 123-37.54. S.A. Kowalewski, "Population-Resource Balances in Period I of Oaxaca,Mexico," American Antiquity, 45 (1980), 151-65.55. See Virginia Morell, "New Light on Writing in the Americas," Science,251 (1991), 268-70.56. Sylvanus G. Morley, The Ancient Maya, Third Revised Edition (Stanford:Stanford University Press, 1956); see discussion in Sherburne F. Cook and WoodrowBorah, "The Population of Yucatan," in their Essays in Population History:Mexico and the Caribbean, (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974), VolumeTwo, pp. 22-23.