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330 NOTESand Colony: Ireland in the Atlantic World, 1560-1800 (Baltimore: The JohnsHopkins University Press, 1988), esp. pp. 19, 36-37. Emphasis added.79. Ibid., p. 53.80. Ibid., p. 66. See also, Nicholas Canny, "Identity Formation in Ireland: TheEmergence of the Anglo-Irish," in Nicholas Canny and Anthony Pagden, eds., ColonialIdentity in the Atlantic World, 1500-1800 (Princeton: Princeton UniversityPress, 1987), pp. 159-212.81. Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, White Masks, translated by Charles Lam Markmann(New York: Grove Press, 1967), p. 115.82. Loren E. Pennington, "The Amerindian in English Promotional Literature,1575-1625," in K.R. Andrews, N.P. Canny, and P.E.H. Hair, eds., The WestwardEnterprise: English Activities in Ireland, the Atlantic, and America, 1480-1650(Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1979), p. 180.83. See Margaret T. Hodgen, Early Anthropology in the Sixteenth andSeventeenth Centuries (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1964), p.409.84. Pennington, "The Amerindian in English Promotional Literature," p. 183.85. Quoted in Arthur 0. Lovejoy, The Great Chain of Being: A Study in theHistory of an Idea (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1936), p. 145.86. Ibid., p. 184.87. Keith Thomas, Man and the Natural World: A History of the ModernSensibility (New York: Pantheon Books, 1983), p. 134.88. Joseph Fran'lois Lafitau, Customs of the American Indians Compared withthe Customs of Primitive Times, edited and translated by William N. Fenton andElizabeth L. Moore (Toronto: The Champlain Society, 1974). The illustration ison plate 3, between pages 72 and 73 in Volume One; for discussion, see VolumeTwo, pp. 278-79.89. In David B. Quinn, ed., The Roanoke Voyages, 1584-1590 (London:Hakluyt Society, 1955), Volume One, pp. 108, 110.90. Ibid., p. 191.91. Robert Gray, A Good Speed to Virginia (London, 1609), n.p.92. Edward Waterhouse, A Declaration of the State of the Colony and Affairesin Virginia (London, 1622), pp. 30-31. For other examples of Spanish influenceon British thinking regarding the nature and colonization of indigenous peoples,see Nicholas P. Canny, "The Ideology of English Colonization from Ireland toAmerica," William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Series, 30 (1973), 593-95.93. Bernadette Bucher, Icon and Conquest: A Structural Analysis of the Illustrationsof de Bry's Great Voyages, translated by Basia Miller Gulati (Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1981), pp. 142-44.94. Michel de Montaigne, "Of Cannibals," in The Complete Essays of Montaigne,translated by Donald M. Frame (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1958),p. 220.95. John Higham, "Indian Princess and Roman Goddess: The First FemaleSymbols of America," Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society, 100 (1990),48.96. See, for example, Karen Ordahl Kupperman, Settling with the Indians: TheMeeting of English and Indian Cultures in America, 1580-1640 (Totowa, N.J.:Rowman and Littlefield, 1980), esp. pp. 169-88; and Alden T. Vaughan, "From