Brain Drain - Hochschule der Bundesagentur für Arbeit

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1. Course 1: Migration-specific Psycho-social Issues – Push and Pull
Factors and Psychological Effects of Migration
1.1 Learning objectives
• The participants become acquainted with the different push and pull factors which
are relevant for migration. (TAX 2 – foundation competences, supporting
competences)
• The participants become aware of historical coherences between social and
economical processes and migration. (TAX 2 – foundation competences)
• The participants become acquainted with the methods which help them becoming
aware of different push and pull factors. (TAX 3 – client-interaction competences)
1.2 Unit 1: Different Push and Pull Factors
Professional migration results from the interaction of special economic, social,
cultural, political and lawful factors. In the description of the reasons why people
migrate often “Push and pull factors” are differed.
Push and pull factors are those factors which either forcefully push people into
migration or attract them. A push factor is forceful, and a factor which relates to the
country from which a person migrates. A pull factor is something concerning the
country to which a person migrates. It is generally a benefit that attracts people to a
certain place.
According to LEE (1972) the Push and pull factors form a migration theory which
assumes that people are “pushed away” from an original place while they are “pulled”
by another place.
Push factors are problems and conditions for dissatisfaction in the professional life of
experts and managers in their home country as for example a bad salary, bad
working and life conditions or lacking possibilities for career (Stewart/ D.Clark/P.F.
Clark 2007).
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