ENTOMOLOGY

DISEASES TRANSMITTED BY BLOODSUCKING FLIES ~19lJlastigoplJora: Binucleata: LeptomonidaeCrithidia melophagia Flu is normally a parasite of the sheep tickfly, Melophagus omnus Linnaeus, and has been experimentally transmittedto rats and mice. Flu (1908) describes in the fly an asexual and sexualreproduction. The latter is characterized by a process of reduction,followed by conjugation with the formation of an ookinete and the infectionof the eggs of the insect, which may cause a second generation of fliesto carry the organism.Crithidia nycteribiae Chatton is found in the parasite fly, Cyclopodiasykesi Westwood.Crithidia pangoniae Rodhain, Vandenbranden, Bequaert and Ponsoccurs naturally in Tabanus hilans Walker, T. 8triatU8 Fabricius, and aTabanu.s sp.Crithidia tenuis Rodhain, Pons, Vandenbranden and Bequaert isnative to Haematopota duttoni Newstead, and H. 'llandenbrandeni Rodhain,Pons, Vandenbranden and Bequaert in Belgian Congo.Leishmania brasiliensis Vianna, cause of nOUBA or oral leishmaniasisof Brazil and Paraguay, is believed by Brumpt and Pedroso to be carriedby bloodsucking flies, either Tabanidae or Culicidae.Leishmania tropica (Wright), cause of BISKRA SORE in Algeria,and BAGDAD SORE in Bagdad, is believed by Wenyon (1911) andSergent and Sergent (1914) to be transmitted by Phlebotomus mmutwafricanus Newstead.Leishmania uta Escomel, cause of UTA, a dermal lesion peculiar tothe western face of the Andes in Peru, is believed by Townsend to becarried "by Forcipomyia utae Knab and F. townsendi Knab.Leptomonas minuta (Leger) occurs naturally in the intestine andMalpighian tubules of Tabanu8 tergestinus Egg.LeptomO'Tlas phlebotomi (Mackie) occurs in nature in Phlebotomusminutus Rondani in India._Leptomonas simuliae (Georgewitch) occurs in nature in Simuliumcolumbaczense Schonberg in Europe.Leptomonas 8ubulata (Leger) attacks Haematopota italica Meigenin Southern France.lJl astigophora: Spirochaetacea: SpirochaetidaeSpiroschaudimtia glossinae (Novy and Knapp) occurs in the stomachof Glossina.Telosporidia: H aemogregarimMla: "H aemogregarilnidaeHaemogregarina francae De Mello, a parasite of t}le dove, Columbalima, i$ suspected of being carried by Lynchia maura Bigot.