ENTOMOLOGY

SANITARY ENTOMOLOGYThe American disease-carrying Anopheles larvIE may be partially.separated by the following table:1. Abdomen with five pairs of fan-shaped tufts, the first pair small,pfJJTI,Ctipe'nnis Say, quadrimaculatua Say.Abdomen with five pairs of fan-shaped tufts, 2.2. First and last pair of fan-shaped tufts smaller than the others,crucians Wiedemann.Fan-shaped tufts all. equal, each element in the tuft with long,slendl'r apical portion, tpseudopunctipe1l/fl.ts Theobald."FIG. 52 (left).-Pupa of Culex. Greatly enlarged. (Howard.) From U. S. Dept.Agr. Farmers' Bull. 155, fig. 8.FIG. 53 (center).-Pupa of Anopheles quadrimac'Ulattt.. Greatly enlarged. (Howard.)From U. S. Dept. Agr. Office Seey., Cire. 61, fig. Hl.FIG, 54 (right).-Pupa of Aedes argente'U", the yellow fever mosquito. Greatly enlarged.(After Howard, Dyar, and Knab.)THE I'UP..EUnlike other insect pupre, the mosquito pupre are active and capableoOf moving rapidly through the water. They depend upon communicationwith the air for respiration. The respiration takes place through a pairof appendages on the thorax, called the respiratory trumpets. By lashingthe pair of chitinous plates at the apex of the eight segment, calledpaddles, the pupa can descend rapidly. It rises to thc surface as soonas it ceases its efforts. The mosquito pupa is also peculiar in that itpossesses eyes, which enable it to see the approach of an enemy and makeits escape. Figures of the three genera discussed in the paper are given0( figs. 52-54). IADULT MOSQUITOESThe adult mosquitoes are known to all of us. The males take onlyvegetable food, but the females also require a blood feed, in many species,before they can oviposit. Various species attack insects, frogs, birds,and all types Qf mammals for their blood feed. Culea: quim,que/asciatuafeeds at night, Aedes argenteus in the day time, and the Anopheles duringthe twilight hours of early morning and evening.