ENTOMOLOGY

LOUSE BORNE DISEASES 297Haemogregarina (Hepatozoo'Tt) fwnambuli (Patton), cause of theANEMIA OF THE PALM SQUIRREL, Funambulus pennatii in Indiawas found in the vermicule stage in the gut and coelome of the louse,Haemotopmu8 sp., but further development was not observed.MetazoaPlatyhelmia: Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: TaeniidaeDipylidium canmum (Linnaeus), the DOUBLE-PORED DOGTAPEWORM, may have as an intermediate host the biting louse of thedog, Trichodectes latus Nitzsch (cani8 De Geer) according to Melnikow,although it usually passes its intermediate stages in fleas.This completes the summary of the evidence which has so far beenpresented against the lice. There are many species of sucking lice ofwild and domestic animals, and there are many obscure or little knownanimal diseases. It is naturally to be expected that the literature ofanimal disease transmission by lice will grow.I have attempted also to show that the majority of the louse-bornediseases pass through the body of the louse and out through the fecesand that they gain access to the host in the following ways: the rubbingor scratching into a skin abraSIon of infective portions of the insect body,or its dried or fresh feces; the carrying of the contamination on fingerswhich have scratched the louse or its feces, and transfer of the contaminationon the fingers to the mouth or the eye; the licking up of the lice ortheir feces by animals which cleanse themselves with the tongue. Directtransmission by bite apparently does not occur except possibly in typhusfever.It remains therefore to reiterate that all types of skin diseases andblood diseases in which the louse might be suspected should be reinvestigatedin case the usual types of inoculation mentioned above have notbeen tried.lIIBLJOGll.APHYAbe, Naka9. 1907.-Miinch. med. Wochenschr., vol. 54, p. 1924.Anderson, J. F., and Goldberger, J., 1912.-U. S. Treas. Dept., Hyg.Lab., bull. 86, pp. 101-130.Arkwright, J. A., Bacot, A., and Duncan, F. M., 1915.-Brit. Med.Journ., Sept. 21, pp. 307-309.Arkwright, J. A., Bacot, A., and Duncan, F. M., 1919.-Journ. Hyg.,vol. IS, No.1, pp. 76-94" plates 2, 3.Aubert, 1879.-Les poux et les ecoles. Unpoint d'hygiene scolaire Lyon.Rev. in Ann. de Dermatol., 1880, 2 ser., vol. 1, p. 292.