ENTOMOLOGY

SANITARY ENTOMOLOGYcroft, in the West Indies by Lebredo (under the name pipiena) and alsoby Law, in the Philippines by Ashburn and Craig, and in India by Cruikshankand Wright; Aedes pseuilosc'Utellaris Theobald in Fiji; MO/TIrsonioides africanus Theobald by Daniels in Nyasaland; M. wniformisTheobald, and Aedes argenteus Poirret (Stegomyia calopus Meigen, A.fasciata Fabricius, Culex taeniatus Meigen) in Nigeria by Daniels, andin the West Indies by Law.Complete developmcnt has not been dcmonstrated as forms have not. been actually seen in the proboscis, although advanced stages have beenrecorded in Anopheles sinensis Wiedemann (minutus Theobald, pseudopictusGrassi, peditaeniatus Leicester, nigerrimus Giles) and barbirostri~Van dcr Wulp in Malaysia by Leicester; A. argyrotarsis Robineau-Desvoidyin West Indies by Law; A. albimanus Wiedemann (albipes Theobald)in West Indies by Vincent; M ansonioides an'l1A.tlipes Theobald inMalaysia by Lcicester, and in Australia by Bancroft; Mansonia pseudotitillansTheobald; Culex microarvnulatus Skuse; C. geli(Zus Theobald, andC. sUiens Wiedemann, Aedes perplexa Leicester, A. scutellaris Walker,Scutomyia albolineata Theobald and Taen.iorhynchus domesticus Leicesterin Malaysia by Leicester.Francis (1919) reports absolutely negative results with Aedesargenteus (calopus) in South Carolina.The embryo microfilaria entcr the mosquito's stomach with the blood.They rupture the sheaths which contain them, pierice the walls of thestomach and find their way to the muscles of the thorax, where theydevelop. They finally work into the proboscis and escape during the actof feeding, through Dutton's membrane, as worked out by Lebredo (1905).They enter the skin through the bites or through pores.Filaria demarquayi Manson (1897), another cause of HUMANFILARIASIS, was found by Fiilleborn to pass its immature stages inthe thoracic muscles of Aedes argenteus (calopus). Mense also recordsCulex quinquefasciatus and Anoplteles albimanus as hosts.Nemathelmintltes: Nematoda: MermithidaeAgamomermis culicis Stiles (1903) is recorded from Culex 801licitanaWalker in the United States.From a purely American standpoint we must guard against mosquitoesas carriers of malaria, yellow fever, dengue, and filariasis, buttroops operating in Mediterrancan countries would also havc to considerpossiblc transmission of tropical sores and Kala Azar. In South Americaother fonns of sores; in Africa sleeping sickncsses may be carried bymosquitoes.The burden of all this evidence is that mosquitoes should not be