ENTOMOLOGY

qNEEDS OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SANITATION IN AMERICA 87screen the place will bewoffset by a greater reduction in doctor's bills forthe women and children at le.ast.fl. Where there are many children passing in and out flies will getin. The children should be taught to use fly swatters. No flies shouldever be allowed to remain in the kitchen and dining rooms. Flies whichvisit food will deposit on it any disease organisms they have picked up.If the water is pure, the fly is' about the only common means of conveyingintestinal diseases to the family.8. Unless the babies and small children are kept indoors in screenedrooms, the helpless children should have a mosquito bar over the carriageor basket so as to protect th!'!m from ~ies. This i~ absolutely essentialif there is any sickness in the neighborhood.4. There should be installed sanitary 'Pit or bucket privies such asare recommended by the Public Health Service. Both men and womenshould be provided with such, and it should be a.rule of every farm thatindiscriminate defecation is absolutely forbidden. As many farms arequite large the most feasible plan would be to place at various placesover the farm where they would be most convenient and best protected,some type of latrine, such as is used by armies, or better still a permanentprivy.5. The well should be kept covered to prevent as far as possiblemosquito breeding and contamination.6. The foundations of the house should be boarded up to preventthe access of animals and to eliminate a favorite mosquito hiding place.The ground around the house should be so drained that water will notflow under the house except in case of'heavy rains, and in such cases willquickly drain off from under the house.7. All ditches, ponds, streams, and bayous on the farm should havethe banks kept clear of obstructions to the free flow of the water. Thereshould not be any tree stumps, trees, roots, weeds, or logs in the stream.The banks should not have overhanging ledges, or puddle pits. Permanentponds and lakes might be stocked with mosquito-eating fish.Places which habitually form puddles after rains should be filled anddrained.8. The barns should h,ave hard packed dirt floors or cement floors.All manure should be' removed daily from the barn. If possible themanure l should be spread whil.e fresh on fields lying fallow. Otherwise themanure should be piled in tightly packed stacks or on platforms over aCE'ment basin containing water, in order to drown the fly larvae migratingfor pupation.9. The garbage should be fed to pigs, preferably in sanitary feedingstalls as described by Bishopp in' the lecture on the control of flies inbarn yards, pig pens and chicken yards (Chapter XI).