ENTOMOLOGY

346 SANITARY ENTOMOLOGYThe biting louse, Trichodecte8 sphaerocephalua Nitzsch, of sheep ismuch more frequently met with than the sucking species and has beentaken in various parts of the United StEl:tes. It never seems to becomeabundant on the heavily wooled breeds.It has been reported that the thin wooled sheep raised by the Indiantribes in northern New Mexico and Arizona are often heavily infested withlice. Undou_btedly there is a close correlation between the character andamount of wool and the reproduction of lice on the host.Sodium fluoride may De successfully employed against the biting lousebut on account of the close covering of ""001 the application must bethorough. The same methoQ of application as suggested for the bitinglice of goats should be used. Of course where sheep are dipped for thesheep tick (Melophagus ovinu8). or scabies, the lice will be kept undercontrol. Nicotine sulphate or lime-sulphur arsenic dip seem very effectiveagainst both the lice and the sheep tick. The fonner should contain about0.07 per cent of nicotine sulpliate. The latter consists of a lime-sulphurdip of the formula: 8 pounds un slacked lim~, ~4 pounds flowers of sulphur,and water to make 100 gallons. Take 150 gallons of this concentrateand S50 gallons of warm water and add a concentrated arsenical solutioncontaining 1~ gallons water, 1~ pounds sal soda and 4 pounds whitearsenic.BITING AND SUCKING LICE OF GOATSGoats of all breeds are subject to the attack of lice but this ten !ncyseems especially marked among the angoras. The biting lice consistingof two species, Trichodecte8 climax Nitzsch and T. herm8i Kellogg andNakayama, are the principal species. The former of these is the predominantfonn.Practically every flock of goats in the Southwest is infested andsome years the injury is very marked. The annoyance retards the growthof the kids and injures the condition of flesh of the goats, but the mostobvious loss is brought about in the reduction of the mohair clip. Theirritation produced by the lice induces much rubbing, which of coursepulls out and mats the mohair and there also appears to be considerableloss through the actual cutting of the hair by the lice themselves. Certainlarge goat raisers in Texas estimate 0. loss of twenty per cent in theclip some years and often individual goats are so denuded that shearingis not profitable. The quality of the mohair is also said to be materiallyaffected when the lice are abundant.The lice are present on all parts of the host, especially on theheavily haired portions and the whitish eggs are attached to the hairsnext to the skin.The sucking louse, Linognathus 8tenopsi8 Burmeister, frequently be-