ENTOMOLOGY

THE LIFE HISTORY AND CONTROL OF FLEAS 371solutions are advised for the latter, and cooling applications, such asmentholized or camphorated ointments for the itching. In the case ofinfestations of the chigoe the insect should be promptly removed byexcision and the part kept as free from infection as possible.LIST OF REFERENCESBacot, A. W., 1914.-A study of the bionomics of the common rat fleasand other species associated with human habitations. With specialreference to the influence of temperature and humidity at variousperiods of the life history of the insect. J ourn. Hyg., Plague SupplementIII, Jan. 14, pp. 447-654.Bacot, A. W., 1914.-The effect of the vapors of various insecticidesupon fleas at each stage in their life history and upon the bedbug inits larval stage. Journ. Hyg., Plague Supplement III, !Jan. 14, pp.665-681.Bacot, A. W., and Ridewood, W. G., 1914.-0bservations on the larvae offleas. Parasitology, vol. 7, No. ~,June 19, pp. 157-175.Bacot, A. W., and Petrie, G. F., 1914.-The fleas found on rats and otherrodents living in association with man and trapped in the towns,villages and Nile boats of Upper Egypt. Journ. Hyg., vol. 14, No.4,pp. 498-508, Dec. 23.iJishopp, F. C., 1915.-Fleas. U. S. Dept. Agr., Bull. No. ~48, Aug. 14,31 pp.Bishopp, F. C., 1915.-Fleas as pests to man and animals, with suggestionsfor their control. U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bull. 683, Nov.8, 15 pp.Canalis, P., 1916.-Some experiments on the ~ecticidal action of ClaY"ton Gas. Bull. Mens. Office Internat. d'Hyg. Publique, vol. 7, No.3,March, pp. 457-463.Chick, Harriette, and Martin, C. J., 1911.-The fleas common on rats indifferent parts of the world and the readiness with which they biteman. Journ. Hyg., vol. 11, No. I, April 8, pp. 1~~-136.Conradi, A. F., 1902.-Remedies for fleas. N. H. Agric. Exp. Station,Bull. No. 94, October, pp. 89-92.Creel, R. H., 1915.-Hydrocyanic acid gas; its practical use as a routinefumigant. U. S. Pub. Health Rpts., vol. 30, No. 49, Dec. 3, pp. 3537-3550.Creel, R. H., and Faget, F. M., 1916.-Cyanide gas for the destructionof insects. U. S. Pub. Health Rpts., vol. 31, No. 23, June 9, pp.1464-1475.De Raadt, O. L., 1915.-Contribution to the knowledge of the epidemi-