ENTOMOLOGY

4~O SANiTARY ENTOMOLOGYHindle has found fhe coccoid bodies within the Malpighian cells ofthe embryo tick. If the eggs are maintained at 87° C. the coccoid bodiesgrow out and assume a form which suggests that they are on the wayto forming spirochaetes. This indicates hereditary infection.Spiroschaudinnia neveuxii (Brumpt), the cause of Senegal FO'VLSPIROCHAETOSIS, is spread by A rgas persicus~ according to Brumpt.Spiroschaudin'Ttia 'Ttovyi (Shellack), the cause of American or ColombianRELAPSING FEVER, may be transmitted by Ornithodoros turicata(Duges) Neumann according to Brumpt, O. megnmi (Duges) Neumannaccording to Doflein, O. moubata (Murray) Pocock according to Nuttall,and Argas persicull (Oken) Fischer Von Waldheim according toDoflein.Spiroschaudinnia recurrent is (Lebert), the cause of EuropeanRELAPSING FEVER, is normally transmitted by lice and bedbugs, butManteufel found that the disease could be easily transmitted by Ornithodorosmotibata. .Spiroschaudinnia rossii (Nuttall), the causing of East AfricanRELAPSING FEVER, may be spread by Ornithodoros moubata,according to Nuttall.Spiroschaudinnia theileri (Laveran), the cause of BOVINE SPIRO­CHAETOSIS, was proven by Theiler to be transmitted by Boophilusannulatus decoZoratus. It may also be transmitted by Rhipicephaluseverts. Neumann. The organism is heredit~ry in B. annul(1tus (decoloratus)as proven by Laveran and Vallee. The disease appears in 14days after inoculation by a larval tick (Nuttall 1918).Telosporidia: Haemogregarinida: HaemogregarinidaeHaemogregarina (Hepatozoon) canis (James), the cause of CANINEANEMIA, has been shown by Christophers to pass its cycle of sporogonyin Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) Koch; the cycle of schizogony.i-;passed in the dog (fig. 79). Schiz.ogony appears to take place only in thebone marrow and does not take place in the liver or spleen. When atick sucks the blood of the dog it takes up the encapsuled forms whichpass into the stomach. The parasite escapes from the blood of the corpusclesbut is still inside its own envelope. By elongation and passageof the protoplasm behind the nucleus, the oval parasite becomes a vermicule.The vermicules enter young epithelial cells lining the lumen of thegut in whose cytoplasm they divide by fission, which often takes placeseveral times, resulting in the secondary formation of four to eight vermiculeslying in a pocket in the cytoplasm of the cell. Two of thesesecondary vermicules, which apparently do not differ in appearance,