Manual of basic techniques for a health laboratory - libdoc.who.int

More documents

Recommendations

Info

294 Manual of basic techniques for a health laboratoryTable 9.9 Erythrocyte sedimentation rates(ESR), a by age groupAge groupESR (mm/hour)Adults (< 50 years)Men < 15Women < 20Adults (> 50 years)Men ≥ 20Women ≥ 30aAt an ambient temperature of 25 °C.Fig. 9.47 Drawing citrated blood up to the 0-mm mark of theWestergren tubeFig. 9.48 Placing the Westergren tube in thestandFig. 9.49 Measuring the height of the plasma column
9. Haematology 295Very high ESR values occur in tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis and malignant diseases.The ESR is also raised in pregnancy.9.8 Measurement of the bleeding time: Duke method9.8.1 PrincipleA small cut is made with a lancet in the lobe of the ear. Blood flows from thepuncture and the time it takes for the bleeding to stop is measured.The test is performed:— for the diagnosis of certain haemorrhagic disorders;— before surgical operations;— before puncture of the liver or spleen.9.8.2 Materials and reagents●●●●●Sterile blood lancetsMicroscope slidesFilter-paper (or blotting paper)Stopwatch, if available, otherwise a watch with a second handEther.9.8.3 Method1. Gently clean the lobe of the ear with cotton wool and ether (Fig. 9.50). Do notrub. Allow to dry.2. Puncture the ear lobe (Fig. 9.51). The blood should flow freely, without anyneed to squeeze the ear lobe. Start the stopwatch.3. After 30 seconds collect the first drop of blood on a corner of the filter-paper (orblotting paper) (Fig. 9.52). Do not touch the skin with the paper.4. Wait 30 seconds more. Collect the second drop of blood in the same way, a littlefurther along the strip of paper (Fig. 9.53).Fig. 9.50 Cleaning the ear lobe withetherFig. 9.51 Puncturing the ear lobe
Page 1 and 2:
M A N U A LO F B A S I CTECHNIQUESF
Page 3 and 4:
ContentsiManualofbasic techniques f
Page 5 and 6:
ContentsiiiContentsPrefacex1. Intro
Page 8 and 9:
viManual of basic techniques for a
Page 10 and 11:
viiiManual of basic techniques for
Page 12 and 13:
xManual of basic techniques for a h
Page 14 and 15:
2 Manual of basic techniques for a
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Table 3.2 Dispatch of specimens 92
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
100 Manual of basic techniques for
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Page 174 and 175:
Page 176 and 177:
Page 178 and 179:
Page 180 and 181:
Page 182 and 183:
Page 184 and 185:
Page 186 and 187:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 243 and 244:
7. Examination of urine 231Part III
Page 245 and 246:
7. Examination of urine 2337. Exami
Page 247 and 248:
7. Examination of urine 2357.2.3 Me
Page 249 and 250:
7. Examination of urine 237Table 7.
Page 251 and 252:
7. Examination of urine 239The anal
Page 253 and 254:
7. Examination of urine 241MethodCo
Page 255 and 256: 7. Examination of urine 243Table 7.
Page 257 and 258: 7. Examination of urine 245Fig. 7.2
Page 261 and 262: 7. Examination of urine 2497.2.8 De
Page 263 and 264: 7. Examination of urine 251Reuse of
Page 267 and 268: 8. Examination of cerebrospinal flu
Page 277 and 278: 9. Haematology 2659. HaematologyHae
Page 279 and 280: 9. Haematology 2679.2 Collection of
Page 281 and 282: 9. Haematology 269Fig. 9.13 Feeling
Page 283 and 284: 9. Haematology 2719.3 Estimation of
Page 285 and 286: 9. Haematology 273Table 9.2 Sample
Page 287 and 288: 9. Haematology 275Fig. 9.25 Checkin
Page 289 and 290: 9. Haematology 277Calibration of th
Page 291 and 292: 9. Haematology 279Errors in haemogl
Page 293 and 294: 9. Haematology 281Fig. 9.28 Micro s
Page 295 and 296: 9. Haematology 283Fig. 9.34 Centrif
Page 297 and 298: 9. Haematology 285concentration is
Page 299 and 300: 9. Haematology 287Measurement techn
Page 301 and 302: 9. Haematology 289●●●Graduate
Page 303 and 304: 9. Haematology 2911 litre, so multi
Page 305: 9. Haematology 293Fig. 9.45 Materia
Page 309 and 310: 9. Haematology 2979.9 Observation o
Page 311 and 312: 9. Haematology 2999.10 Preparation
Page 313 and 314: 9. Haematology 301Fig. 9.64 Making
Page 315 and 316: 9. Haematology 303Drying the filmAd
Page 317 and 318: 9. Haematology 3054. Examine the co
Page 319 and 320: 9. Haematology 307Fig. 9.77 Normal
Page 321 and 322: 9. Haematology 309Fig. 9.85 Anisocy
Page 323 and 324: 9. Haematology 311Fig. 9.92 Polymor
Page 325 and 326: 9. Haematology 313Immature granuloc
Page 327 and 328: 9. Haematology 315Fig. 9.104 Mixing
Page 329 and 330: 9. Haematology 317Fig. 9.108 Prepar
Page 331 and 332: 9. Haematology 319Heinz bodiesHeinz
Page 333 and 334: 9. Haematology 3219.14 Determinatio
Page 335 and 336: 10. Blood chemistry 323Fig. 10.1 De
Page 337 and 338: 10. Blood chemistry 325Table 10.1 B
Page 339 and 340: 10. Blood chemistry 32710.2.4 Resul
Page 341 and 342: 11. Immunological and serological t
Page 357 and 358:
11. Immunological and serological t
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Annex. Reagents and their preparati
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
IndexNote: Page numbers in bold ref
Page 383 and 384:
Index 371Centrifuges 32, 69-72, 69-
Page 385 and 386:
Index 373Endolimax nanus 114, 114,
Page 387 and 388:
Index 375Hyaline casts, urine 243,
Page 389 and 390:
Index 377Microhaematocrit equipment
Page 391 and 392:
Index 379Protozoablood 173-194, 178
Page 393 and 394:
Index 381Smears (continued)preparat
Page 395 and 396:
Index 383Thiomersal-iodine-formalde
Page 397 and 398:
Selected WHO publications of relate
show all

Manual of basic techniques for a health laboratory - libdoc.who.int

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?