Manual of basic techniques for a health laboratory - libdoc.who.int

Index 375Hyaline casts, urine 243, 243Hydatid cysts (Echinococcusgranulosus) 151, 151Hydrochloric acid 359Hygiene, intestinal parasites 106Hymenolepis spp. (tapeworm)adults 148, 149eggs 128, 139, 139, 152Hypersegmented polymorphonuclearneutrophils 313, 313Hypochlorite solutions 84–85IdentificationBacillus anthracis 204, 204Balantidium coli 116, 117, 121, 121Blastocystis hominis (yeast) 124–125,125blood parasitesmicrofilariae 163–172, 166, 167,169, 171–172Plasmodium spp. 173–182, 174–176,179–181Trypanosoma spp. 187, 185–194,193–194Corynebacterium diphtheriae 201, 202filariae 159–172, 162–163, 166–167,171–172fungi 124–125, 125, 146helminthsadults 146–152, 147–151eggs 126–144, 129–144larvae 156–158, 158tapeworms 149intestinal protozoa 111–117, 111–125,119–122, 124amoebae 113–114, 113–115, 118,120, 120ciliates 116, 121, 121coccidia 122, 122flagellates 115–116, 115–116, 121,121Leishmania spp. 195–196, 196leukocytes 125, 125pollen grains 146, 146pus 125, 125starch granules 144, 144–145Yersinia pestis 204Immunofluorescence 332–333, 332Immunoglobulins, see AntibodiesImmunology 328–349, 329–336antibodies 328–329, 329antigens 329–330immune system 328, 329immunochemical techniques 330–335tests 336–349Incineration, laboratory waste 90, 90–91Incubators, cleaning andmaintenance 83Infants (see also Children; Neonates)capillary blood collection 280erythrocyte number concentration287Infants (continued)erythrocyte volume fraction 284leukocyte number concentration 291leukocyte type number fraction 320normal haemoglobin 275normal thrombocyte counts 321pinworm egg collection 135–137,135–137reticulocyte number concentration318stool specimens 217urine collection 234Infection sourcesAfrican trypanosomiasis 183blood/skin parasites 160Chagas disease 193intestinal parasites 106leishmaniasis 194Infectious mononucleosis 313Injuries, laboratory accidents 98–101,99Inoculating loops 197–198, 198Instruments 32disinfection 84storage 45Intestinal parasites 105–159concentration techniques 152–156,152–157helminths 125–152, 129–151adults 146–152, 147–151eggs 125, 126–144, 129–144larvae 156–158, 158protozoa 111–117, 111–124, 119–122,124–125amoebae 113–114, 113–115,118–120, 120ciliates 116, 121, 121coccidia 122, 122cysts 118–124, 119–122, 124–125flagellates 115–116, 115–116, 121,121sedimentation techniques 153–157,154–156stool specimens 107–110, 107–111,159–161transmission routes 106Inventories, supplies 46Iodamoeba butschlii 114, 114, 120, 121Iodine 85, 123Iron deficiency 288Isospora belli 124Isotonic saline, see Sodium chlorideKahn tubes 34Kato–Katz technique, Schistosomamansoni infection 141–143,142–143Ketone bodies, urine specimens239–240, 239–240Labellingbiopsy specimens 96