Nondestructive testing of defects in adhesive joints

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21. Bajsic G, Rek V. J Appl Polym Sci 2001; 79(5): 864-873. 22. Gopakumar S, Nair MRG. Polymer 2005; 46(23): 10419-10430. 23. Smith MJ, Peppas NA. Polymer 1985; 26(4): 569-574. Table I (NR/PEG) block copolymer sample specifications Block Copolymer NCO/OH ratio NR/PEG mole ratio NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 1 1.0 1 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 2 1.1 1 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 3 1.2 1 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 4 1.3 1 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 5 1.4 1 Table II Equilibrium uptake values of the block copolymers in water Block Copolymer Equilibrium uptake (Q∞ mol%) values NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 1 9.45 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 2 10.47 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 3 7.78 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 4 8.61 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 5 4.72 Table III Swelling characteristics of NR/PEG block copolymers in water and at pH 4, pH 7 and pH 9. Water pH 4 pH 7 pH 9 Block Copolymer n k n k n k n k NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 1 0.47 2.43 1.09 0.42 0.97 0.36 1.03 0.35 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 2 0.42 6.63 0.74 2.78 0.74 2.43 0.60 4.79 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 3 0.60 6.58 1.22 0.76 0.92 1.86 0.92 2.15 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 4 0.59 4.38 0.88 1.90 0.73 3.01 0.70 3.28 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 5 0.61 16.99 1.14 3.55 0.90 6.25 0.67 53.76 Unit: k x 10 2 gg -1 min n . Table IV Kinetic data on the solvent uptake by NR/PEG block copolymers in water. Block Copolymer k1 x 10 3 (min -1 ) NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 1 3.29 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 2 6.33 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 3 19.30 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 4 33.12 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 5 ⎯ a - a – negative value was obtained
Table V Transport coefficients of block copolymers in water Block Copolymer cm 2 s -1 S gg -1 P cm 2 s -1 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 1 0.96 1.70 1.63 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 2 5.44 1.89 10.27 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 3 0.58 1.40 0.81 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 4 0.57 1.55 0.89 NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 5 0.43 0.85 0.37 Q t (mol%) 12 10 8 6 4 2 D * 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 t 1/2 e b Fig.1. Percentage mass uptake for the block copolymers in water at room temperature: (a) NR/PEG (4000/4000)–1, (b) NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 2, (c) NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 3 (d) NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 4, (e) NR/PEG (4000/4000) – 5. c d a
Page 1 and 2:
Design of experiments for optimizin
Page 3 and 4:
Verification Experiments Confirmato
Page 5 and 6:
Fig 3 Overlaid contour plots for te
Page 7 and 8:
processing variables on the adhesio
Page 9 and 10:
NR / CR TSC (%) 100 / 0 75 / 25 50
Page 11 and 12:
the observed high values of its T-p
Page 13 and 14:
Nondestructive testing of defects i
Page 15 and 16:
visible impact damage (BVID). The c
Page 17 and 18:
Fig 2. Photograph of the spliced ne
Page 19 and 20:
Electrical studies on silver subsur
Page 21 and 22:
temperatures exhibited by the 50 nm
Page 23 and 24:
Figure 1: Variation of ln R with 1/
Page 25 and 26:
Experimental Polyamide6 (PA6 with z
Page 27 and 28:
Table 1: Sample code and compositio
Page 29 and 30:
Blends of unsaturated polyester res
Page 31 and 32:
in comparison to that of the base r
Page 33 and 34:
Fig. 1 Tensile strength of rubber m
Page 35 and 36:
characterization of PTT/m-LLDPE ble
Page 37 and 38:
organoclay into the blend matrix re
Page 39 and 40:
Figure: 5 - DSC cooling thermogram
Page 41 and 42:
polypropylene exhibits β-chain sci
Page 43 and 44:
ehavior. Here two possible effects
Page 45 and 46:
Complex modulus (KPa) Complex visco
Page 47 and 48:
has been carried out using thermogr
Page 49 and 50:
Weight (%) 80 40 0 Table 1. Sample
Page 51 and 52:
Mechanical properties of natural ru
Page 53 and 54:
due to adsorption on rubber particl
Page 55 and 56:
Preparation and Characterization of
Page 57 and 58:
2.7. Fabrication of curcumin elutin
Page 59 and 60:
Table 2. Effect of curcumin content
Page 61 and 62:
Biodegradable nanocomposites can be
Page 63 and 64:
crystallization temperature of PBAT
Page 65 and 66:
Biomimetic synthesis of nanohybrids
Page 67 and 68:
3.3. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG
Page 69 and 70:
Fig 2: 31 P-NMR Spectra of as-synth
Page 71 and 72:
In this work we have examined the c
Page 73 and 74:
7. George, K.M, Alex, R, Joseph, S
Page 75 and 76:
Reinforcement studies - Effect of t
Page 77 and 78:
Results and Discussion Immersion an
Page 79 and 80:
Stress (MPa) 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 1
Page 81 and 82:
Effect of plasticizer, filler and s
Page 83:
Results and Discussion Properties o
Page 86 and 87:
prepolymers having higher percentag
Page 88 and 89:
Table2. Formulation for Peroxide cu
Page 90 and 91:
Elongation at Break The elongation
Page 92 and 93:
All-PP composites based on β and
Page 94 and 95:
a T E'(T) = (1) E'(T ) ref The shif
Page 96 and 97:
We tried the classical WLF equation
Page 98 and 99:
Figure 2. Schematic of time-tempera
Page 100 and 101:
Intercalated poly (methyl methacryl
Page 102 and 103:
them. The nanocomposites prepared u
Page 104 and 105:
Table 1: Mechanical Properties of P
Page 106 and 107:
Abstract A Review on thermally stab
Page 108 and 109:
processing of different commercial
Page 110 and 111:
d(%Mass)/dT ( 0 d(%Mass)/dT ( C) 0
Page 112 and 113:
composites has been reported to imp
Page 114 and 115:
(a) (b) Figure 2: WAXD of a) PVC/mi
Page 116 and 117:
Storage Modulus (M Pa) 3000 2500 20
Page 118 and 119:
17. Peprnicek, T.; Duchet, J.; Kova
Page 120 and 121:
constraint of several nanometers, t
Page 122 and 123:
The FT-IR spectrum .ER-Epoxy resin,
Page 124 and 125:
GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE (Tg) V
Page 126 and 127:
AFM image of Amine containing PDMS
Page 128 and 129:
8. A.Al.Abrash, F.Al.Sagheer, A.A.m
Page 130 and 131:
2. Experimental Details Polypropyle
Page 132 and 133:
5. Acknowlegements We would like to
Page 134 and 135:
Synthesis and characterization of p
Page 136 and 137:
pristine polypropylene during cooli
Page 138 and 139:
a Figure 2: Typical TEM micrographs
Page 140 and 141:
potassium ditelluratoargentate (III
Page 142 and 143:
found to be 80.51 and 77.31, respec
Page 144 and 145: 14. G. Canche-Escamilla, J.I. Cauic
Page 146 and 147: 2.2. Characterization of electrospu
Page 148 and 149: eported that tortuosity decreases w
Page 150 and 151: Abstract: Effect of nano TiO2 in co
Page 152 and 153: 3. Results and Discussion : The wid
Page 154 and 155: This is further evidenced from the
Page 156 and 157: Transducer using Terfenol-D/epoxy c
Page 158 and 159: esults were compared. Measurements
Page 160 and 161: 500 400 300 200 100 0 Magnetostrict
Page 162 and 163: Experimental Materials Natural crum
Page 164 and 165: It is known that for alkali and alk
Page 166 and 167: Polymer sample Table1. Ion uptake b
Page 168 and 169: Abstract Protein functionalized pol
Page 170 and 171: 2.4 Analysis of Particle size of ul
Page 172 and 173: Table 1 Nano particle preparation o
Page 174 and 175: As the particle size is reduced, su
Page 176 and 177: Figure- 3 SEM micrograph of EFNP of
Page 178 and 179: Excess PVA solution was drained off
Page 180 and 181: Figure 1. IR spectra of (I) PSF bas
Page 182 and 183: Photodegradable polypropylene film
Page 184 and 185: were observed as a broad peak in th
Page 186 and 187: Fig. 1. Carbonyl index variation of
Page 188 and 189: Abstract Swelling behaviour of hydr
Page 190 and 191: Swelling experiment Circular shaped
Page 192 and 193: ⎛ hθ D = π⎜ ⎜ ⎝ 4Q ∞
Page 196 and 197: log (C α - C t ) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0
Page 198 and 199: esistance [2]. For converting it to
Page 200 and 201: References 1. Bob RJ, Underwater El
Page 202 and 203: Figure-2 Insertion Loss behavior 0.
Page 204 and 205: Development of epoxy based material
Page 206 and 207: NOTATIONS USED A→E-55, AL-45.S.g-
Page 208 and 209: The Samples E, I, H and pure epoxy
Page 210 and 211: The combination B The combination I
Page 212 and 213: Graft-copolymerization of cellulose
Page 214 and 215: Once the free-radical species (A
Page 216 and 217: References 1. Margaret I.P, Sau L.L
Page 218 and 219: Design of experiments for optimizin
Page 220 and 221: Verification Experiments Confirmato
Page 222 and 223: Fig 3 Overlaid contour plots for te
Page 224 and 225: processing variables on the adhesio
Page 226 and 227: NR / CR TSC (%) 100 / 0 75 / 25 50
Page 228 and 229: the observed high values of its T-p
Page 230 and 231: Nondestructive testing of defects i
Page 232 and 233: visible impact damage (BVID). The c
Page 234 and 235: Fig 2. Photograph of the spliced ne
Page 236 and 237: Electrical studies on silver subsur
Page 238 and 239: temperatures exhibited by the 50 nm
Page 240 and 241: Figure 1: Variation of ln R with 1/
Page 242 and 243: Experimental Polyamide6 (PA6 with z
Page 244 and 245:
Table 1: Sample code and compositio
Page 246 and 247:
Blends of unsaturated polyester res
Page 248 and 249:
in comparison to that of the base r
Page 250 and 251:
Fig. 1 Tensile strength of rubber m
Page 252 and 253:
characterization of PTT/m-LLDPE ble
Page 254 and 255:
organoclay into the blend matrix re
Page 256 and 257:
Figure: 5 - DSC cooling thermogram
Page 258 and 259:
polypropylene exhibits β-chain sci
Page 260 and 261:
ehavior. Here two possible effects
Page 262 and 263:
Complex modulus (KPa) Complex visco
Page 264 and 265:
has been carried out using thermogr
Page 266 and 267:
Weight (%) 80 40 0 Table 1. Sample
Page 268 and 269:
Mechanical properties of natural ru
Page 270 and 271:
due to adsorption on rubber particl
Page 272 and 273:
Preparation and Characterization of
Page 274 and 275:
2.7. Fabrication of curcumin elutin
Page 276 and 277:
Table 2. Effect of curcumin content
Page 278 and 279:
Biodegradable nanocomposites can be
Page 280 and 281:
crystallization temperature of PBAT
Page 282 and 283:
Biomimetic synthesis of nanohybrids
Page 284 and 285:
3.3. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG
Page 286 and 287:
Fig 2: 31 P-NMR Spectra of as-synth
Page 288 and 289:
In this work we have examined the c
Page 290 and 291:
7. George, K.M, Alex, R, Joseph, S
Page 292 and 293:
Reinforcement studies - Effect of t
Page 294 and 295:
Results and Discussion Immersion an
Page 296 and 297:
Stress (MPa) 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 1
Page 298 and 299:
Effect of plasticizer, filler and s
Page 300:
Results and Discussion Properties o
Page 303 and 304:
prepolymers having higher percentag
Page 305 and 306:
Table2. Formulation for Peroxide cu
Page 307 and 308:
Elongation at Break The elongation
Page 309 and 310:
All-PP composites based on β and
Page 311 and 312:
a T E'(T) = (1) E'(T ) ref The shif
Page 313 and 314:
We tried the classical WLF equation
Page 315 and 316:
Figure 2. Schematic of time-tempera
Page 317 and 318:
Intercalated poly (methyl methacryl
Page 319 and 320:
them. The nanocomposites prepared u
Page 321 and 322:
Table 1: Mechanical Properties of P
Page 323 and 324:
Abstract A Review on thermally stab
Page 325 and 326:
processing of different commercial
Page 327 and 328:
d(%Mass)/dT ( 0 d(%Mass)/dT ( C) 0
Page 329 and 330:
composites has been reported to imp
Page 331 and 332:
(a) (b) Figure 2: WAXD of a) PVC/mi
Page 333 and 334:
Storage Modulus (M Pa) 3000 2500 20
Page 335 and 336:
17. Peprnicek, T.; Duchet, J.; Kova
Page 337 and 338:
constraint of several nanometers, t
Page 339 and 340:
The FT-IR spectrum .ER-Epoxy resin,
Page 341 and 342:
GLASS TRANSITION TEMPERATURE (Tg) V
Page 343 and 344:
AFM image of Amine containing PDMS
Page 345 and 346:
8. A.Al.Abrash, F.Al.Sagheer, A.A.m
Page 347 and 348:
2. Experimental Details Polypropyle
Page 349 and 350:
5. Acknowlegements We would like to
Page 351 and 352:
Synthesis and characterization of p
Page 353 and 354:
pristine polypropylene during cooli
Page 355 and 356:
a Figure 2: Typical TEM micrographs
Page 357 and 358:
potassium ditelluratoargentate (III
Page 359 and 360:
found to be 80.51 and 77.31, respec
Page 361 and 362:
14. G. Canche-Escamilla, J.I. Cauic
Page 363 and 364:
2.2. Characterization of electrospu
Page 365 and 366:
eported that tortuosity decreases w
Page 367 and 368:
Abstract: Effect of nano TiO2 in co
Page 369 and 370:
3. Results and Discussion : The wid
Page 371 and 372:
This is further evidenced from the
Page 373 and 374:
Transducer using Terfenol-D/epoxy c
Page 375 and 376:
esults were compared. Measurements
Page 377 and 378:
500 400 300 200 100 0 Magnetostrict
Page 379 and 380:
Experimental Materials Natural crum
Page 381 and 382:
It is known that for alkali and alk
Page 383 and 384:
Polymer sample Table1. Ion uptake b
Page 385 and 386:
Abstract Protein functionalized pol
Page 387 and 388:
2.4 Analysis of Particle size of ul
Page 389 and 390:
Table 1 Nano particle preparation o
Page 391 and 392:
As the particle size is reduced, su
Page 393 and 394:
Figure- 3 SEM micrograph of EFNP of
Page 395 and 396:
Excess PVA solution was drained off
Page 397 and 398:
Figure 1. IR spectra of (I) PSF bas
Page 399 and 400:
Photodegradable polypropylene film
Page 401 and 402:
were observed as a broad peak in th
Page 403 and 404:
Fig. 1. Carbonyl index variation of
Page 405 and 406:
Abstract Swelling behaviour of hydr
Page 407 and 408:
Swelling experiment Circular shaped
Page 409 and 410:
⎛ hθ D = π⎜ ⎜ ⎝ 4Q ∞
Page 411 and 412:
21. Bajsic G, Rek V. J Appl Polym S
Page 413 and 414:
log (C α - C t ) 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0
Page 415 and 416:
esistance [2]. For converting it to
Page 417 and 418:
References 1. Bob RJ, Underwater El
Page 419 and 420:
Figure-2 Insertion Loss behavior 0.
Page 421 and 422:
Development of epoxy based material
Page 423 and 424:
NOTATIONS USED A→E-55, AL-45.S.g-
Page 425 and 426:
The Samples E, I, H and pure epoxy
Page 427 and 428:
The combination B The combination I
Page 429 and 430:
Graft-copolymerization of cellulose
Page 431 and 432:
Once the free-radical species (A
Page 433 and 434:
References 1. Margaret I.P, Sau L.L
Page 435 and 436:
Studies on processing of styrene bu
Page 437 and 438:
3 Results 4. Swelling index - Tolue
Page 439:
4. Swelling index The swelling indi
Page 442 and 443:
Effect of post drawing parameters o
Page 444 and 445:
Drawing the fiber at 100 0 C, which
Page 446 and 447:
Table 1: Experimental details of va
Page 448 and 449:
and the primary variables in the go
Page 450 and 451:
The equ (3.2) is linearized and we
Page 452 and 453:
Initial Deformed coordinates coordi
Page 454 and 455:
As 'C' channel structures is non-sy
Page 456 and 457:
Figure 3: Von-mises stress distribu
Page 458 and 459:
Synthesis, curing and characterizat
Page 460 and 461:
Results and Discussion: . Table 4.1
Page 462 and 463:
TGDDM/DDM SYSTEM: There are 2 trans
Page 464 and 465:
Table 4.6: DSC Results DSC thermo g
Page 466 and 467:
CONCLUSION: 1. Tetraglycidyl Diamin
Page 468 and 469:
Studies on processing of styrene bu
Page 470 and 471:
3 Results 4. Swelling index - Tolue
Page 472:
4. Swelling index The swelling indi
Page 475 and 476:
Effect of post drawing parameters o
Page 477 and 478:
Drawing the fiber at 100 0 C, which
Page 479 and 480:
Table 1: Experimental details of va
Page 481 and 482:
and the primary variables in the go
Page 483 and 484:
The equ (3.2) is linearized and we
Page 485 and 486:
Initial Deformed coordinates coordi
Page 487 and 488:
As 'C' channel structures is non-sy
Page 489 and 490:
Figure 3: Von-mises stress distribu
Page 491 and 492:
Synthesis, curing and characterizat
Page 493 and 494:
Results and Discussion: . Table 4.1
Page 495 and 496:
TGDDM/DDM SYSTEM: There are 2 trans
Page 497 and 498:
Table 4.6: DSC Results DSC thermo g
Page 499 and 500:
CONCLUSION: 1. Tetraglycidyl Diamin
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