Horticulture Principles and Practices

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Contents
2.4 CLASSIFICATION OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS 52
2.5 FLOWERS IN CLASSIFICATION 56
2.6 SOME FAMILIES OF HORTICULTURAL IMPORTANCE 56
Summary 60
References and Suggested Reading 60
Practical Experience 60
Outcomes Assessment 61
Chapter 3 PLANT ANATOMY 62
PURPOSE AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES 62
OVERVIEW 62
3.1 CELL 63
3.2 TYPES OF PLANT CELLS AND TISSUES 68
3.3 STEM 71
3.4 LEAF 75
3.5 ROOTS 82
3.6 STRUCTURE OF WOOD 85
3.7 BARK 87
3.8 FLOWERS 88
3.9 SEED 90
3.10 FRUITS 91
Summary 91
References and Suggested Reading 92
Practical Experience 93
Outcomes Assessment 93
Chapter 4 PLANT GROWTH ENVIRONMENT 94
PURPOSE AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES 94
OVERVIEW 94
4.1 CLIMATE,WEATHER, AND HORTICULTURE 95
4.2 ABOVEGROUND ENVIRONMENT 95
4.3 BELOWGROUND (SOIL) ENVIRONMENT 108
4.4 FERTILIZERS 117
4.5 SOIL ORGANISMS 127
4.6 SOIL AIR 128
4.7 SOIL TEMPERATURE 128
4.8 SOIL WATER 129
4.9 FIELD GROWING MEDIA 140
4.10 POTTING MEDIA 142
4.11 SOIL STERILIZATION 148
4.12 LIQUID MEDIA 149
Summary 150
References and Suggested Reading 150
Practical Experience 151
Outcomes Assessment 152
Chapter 5 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 153
PURPOSE AND EXPECTED OUTCOMES 153
OVERVIEW 153
5.1 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT 154
5.2 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF PLANT CELLS 157