2009_Book_FoodChemistry

3.8 Unsaponifiable Constituents 239
Violaxanthin is present in orange juice (cf. Table
3.57) and it also occurs in green leaves.
Mutatoxanthin (5,8-epoxy-5,8-dihydro-β,β-carotene-3,3 ′ -diol) (XVI) (3.133)
This epoxy carotenoid is present in oranges
(cf. Table 3.57).
Luteoxanthin (XIV) (3.134)
Luteoxanthin is the major carotenoid of oranges
(cf. Table 3.57).
Auroxanthin (XV) (3.135)
This carotenoid is a constituent of oranges (cf. Table
3.57).
Neoxanthin (XX) (3.136)
Dicarboxylic Acids and Esters
Crocetin (XVII) (3.137)
This carboxylic acid carotenoid is the yellow
pigment of saffron. It occurs in plants as a diester,
i. e. glycoside with the disaccharide gentiobiose.
The diester, called crocin, is therefore
water-soluble.