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F. K. Kong MA, MSc, PhD, CEng, FICE, FIStructE, R. H. Evans CBE, DSc, D ès Sc, DTech, PhD, CEng, FICE, FIMechE, FIStructE (auth.)-Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete-Springer US (1987)

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154 Reinforced concrete beams-the ultimate limit state

design of flanged beams. Outline the procedure and derive the main design

formulae from first principles.

Ans. See Section 4.8.

4.15 Explain how Examples 4.6-8(b) and 4.6-9(b) should be modified if

the aim is to obtain actual resistance moments, for comparison with

laboratory experiments, for example.

Ans. To calculate ~he actual resistance moments, it is necessary to

remove the allowances for the partial safety factors Ym ( = 1.5 for

concrete and 1.15 for steel). This can be conveniently done by

writing 1.5/cu for feu and 1.15/y for /y in the equations in Examples

4.6-8(b) and 4.6-9(b).

References

1 ACI-ASCE Committee 327. Ultimate strength design. Proc. ACI, 52, No.5,

Jan. 1956, pp. 505-24.

2 Hognestad, E. Fundamental concepts in ultimate load design of reinforced

concrete members. Proc. ACI, 48, No. 10, June 1952, pp. 809-32.

3 Galilei, G. Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences (translated by H. Crew

and A. de Salvio.) Macmillan, New York, 1914.

4 Pippard, A. J. S. Elastic theory and engineering structures. Proc. ICE, 19,

June 1961, pp. 129-56.

5 Evans, R. H. The plastic theories for the ultimate strength of reinforced

concrete beams. Journal ICE, 21, Dec. 1943, pp. 98-121.

6 Evans, R. H. and Kong, F. K. Strain distribution in composite prestressed

concrete beams. Civil Engineering and Public Works Review, 58, No. 684, July

1963, pp. 871-2 and No. 685, Aug. 1963, pp. 1003-5.

7 Hognestad, E., Hanson, N. W. and McHenry, D. Concrete stress distribution

in ultimate strength design. Proc. ACI, 52, No. 4, Dec. 1955, pp. 455-80.

8 Mattock, A. H., Kriz, L. B. and Hognestad, E. Rectangular concrete stress

distribution in ultimate strength design. Proc. ACI, 57, No. 8, Feb. 1961,

pp. 875-928.

9 Rusch, H. Research towards a general flexural theory for structural concrete.

Proc. ACI, 57, No. 1, July 1960, pp. 1-28.

10 ACI Committee 318. Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete

(ACI 318-83). American Concrete Institute, Detroit, 1983.

11 Whitney, C. S. Plastic theory of reinforced concrete design. Trans. ASCE,

107, 1942, pp. 251-326.

12 Coates, R. C., Coutie, M. G. and Kong, F. K. Structural Analysis, 3rd edn.

Nelson, London, 1988, pp. 178, 216.

13 Allen, A. H. Reinforced Concrete Design to CP 110. Cement and Concrete

Association, London, 1974.

14 I.Struct.E./ICE Joint Committee. Manual for the Design of Reinforced

Concrete Building Structures. Institution of Structural Engineers, London,

1985.

15 Baker, Lord and Heyman, J. Plastic Design of Frames 1: Fundamentals.

Cambridge University Press, 1969.

16 Horne, M. R. Plastic Theory of Structures. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1979.

17 Kong, F.K. and Charlton, T. M. The fundamental theorems of the plastic

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