F. K. Kong MA, MSc, PhD, CEng, FICE, FIStructE, R. H. Evans CBE, DSc, D ès Sc, DTech, PhD, CEng, FICE, FIMechE, FIStructE (auth.)-Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete-Springer US (1987)

Materials and practical considerations 405
Table 11.2-2 Some typical values of dead and imposed loads
Dead loads
Imposed loads
Brickwork
120 mm (4.5 in)
nominal
Plaster
Two-coat 12 mm thick
Solid cored
plasterboard
(12.7 mm thick)
Asphalt
(Roof) 2layers,
20mm thick
(Floors) 25 mm thick
2.6
0.22
0.11
0.42
0.53
Liquids
Water (1000 kg/m 3 )
Bottled beer (in cases)
Cement slurry
Solids
Bricks (stacked)
Hops (in sacks)
Basic slag
Sugar (loose)
Coarse aggregates
Fine aggregates
Cement
Steel (7850 kg/m 3 )
9.81
4.5
14.0
17.5
1.7
17.0
7.8
16.0
17.0
14.2
77.01
maximum loadings, BS 6399 : Part 1 permits some reductions in the design
of columns, foundation and other supporting members (see Table 11.2-3).
Since, at the design stage, the actual loading on a structure is a somewhat
nebulous number, and recourse in the design is usually made to past
experience or some inexact information, it is usually sufficient to assume
that the weight of a 1 kg mass is 10 N rather than 9.81 N. A conversion
factor of 10 is after all much more convenient in practice.
Notwithstanding the apparent accuracy of the electronic computer, it
should be evident that with the accuracy of the basic data being what
it is, final results quoted to more than three significant figures cannot
normally be justified.
Table 11.2-3 Reduction in imposed floor loads (BS 6399: Part 1)
Number of floors
(including roof) supported
by the member 1 2 3 4 5-10 Over 10
Reduction of imposed
load on all floors 0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
11.3 Materials and practical considerations
Steel reinforcement is commercially available with characteristic strengths
/y of 250 and 460 N/mm 2 . It is sold by weight with a basic price for that