The 1995/1996 Household Income, Expenditure - (PDF, 101 mb ...

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VIL7 of age of the household head contributes negatively to enrollment potential thus, the idea of substituting child labor for the input of aging parents may be indicated, as well as the lack of enlightenment in the older generation. Port Said and Suez (the "Other Urban" region) add to the intercept probability of enrollment. Also, having household members abroad increases the probability that a student will be enrolled - less incentive exists to stay home and help the household earn income, and education is probably demanded more for the sibling aspiring to migrate himself. The coefffcients of Table VIlA are adjusted for a relative interpretation in Table VIIAa. The representative student's overall response index provides the benchmark from which to measure changes in response probability given a change in one or more characteristic. The representative student is a male from Upper Egypt, from a poor household (lowest quintile of total expenditures) whose head who is 45 years old and illiterate, etc. This student has an initial response probability index of being enrolled equalling 1.5448. The table shows the change in the overall response index due to altering individual characteristics. If the student were exactly the same in all other respects except that he came from the richest household, his overall enrollment probability would be lower than the initial response probability, 1.5229. Apparently the richest households value standard education less; increasing expenditures are associated with lower enrollment rates than the overall likelihood. If the student were female, her overall probability of being enrolled would be 1.5173, about two percentage points below the overall index of probability. There is therefore statistically significant empirical evidence for the fact that being female lowers one's probability of being enrolled. VILE Education Expenditures Education is a normal commodity (empirically - see Table 11.14) in both HIECSs, meaning that as household incomes rise, the proportions households spend on education rise as well. The table below gives the household equivalence adjusted average annual expenditures on education and education shares as a percentage of total household budget. It also reports these education expenditures by equivalent expenditure quintiles, and by rural and urban areas, for both surveys. 7 See the appendix to Chapter IV.
Average Annual Expenditures on Education and Budget Shares of Education, Rural and Urban, by Quintile, for Two HIECS 1990/1991 Overall Quintl Quint2 Quint3 Quint4 Quint5 Rural Mean (£E) 109.20 77.17 93.10 114.88 122.11 138.73 Rural Share (%) 2.32 1.64 1.86 2.31 2.50 3.28 Urban Mean 195.26 126.81 158.14 182.62 214.50 294.32 (£E) Urban Share 4.33 2.42 3.03 3.59 4.53 8.12 (%) 1995/1996 Rural Mean (£E) 264.49 175.97 220.50 255.91 302.75 367.43 Rural Share (%) 4.79 3.42 4.05 4.53 5.35 6.59 Urban Mean 439.86 233.86 323.64 399.05 506.14 736.93 (£E) Urban Share 7.79 4.04 5.25 6.41 8.30 14.95 (%) VII.8 Urban areas prize education in both absolute and relative terms compared to rural areas. In all quintiles and for both surveys, rural shares are lower than urban shares. The richest urban quintile currently spends about 15% of the household budget on education. Over time, most quintiles currently spend about twice the budget share amount spent on education in 1990/1991. In Chapter 4, higher education levels were associated statistically with higher wages. For any former or present student, the education level attained can be placed in the context of household earnings as well. Consider samples of individuals who have attained discrete education levels, and correlate this schooling with per capita household expenditures and incomes. The table below indicates that higher levels of education attainment provide ever greater benefits for household members (measures are in £E, and standard deviations in parentheses):
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The 1995/1996 Household Income, Exp
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Project'Background Executive Summar
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Chapter I_ Ov'"er"V"ie"" aI1d Proce
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1.11 decreases average household si
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1.13 HIECS as well as international
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1.15 respondent acceptance. These a
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mothelUs were expected to be more s
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1.22 material. There should be a cl
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elied upon, resistance to analytica
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in the speed of processing of any s
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I.E Global Edits 1.28 In late Novem
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Name, Size, and Level of HIECS Raw
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mandatory by law; 16) Reporting err
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Appendix LA Comparing Estimates fro
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The dependent variable is the tth o
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where and R = f g' are estimates of
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Table 1.1 1995/1996 HIECS Sample Si
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Table 1.3 Update Rate ({Sampled-Ori
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Table 1.5 Average Annualized Data E
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Table I.7 Annualized Error Characte
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Table 1.9 One-Way Analysis ofVarian
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MI: University of Michigan, 1980. L
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Sequential List of Tables and Figur
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Digit Preference Indices Digit 5 10
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proper income variable. There is st
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II.10 6.33% of HIECS households sai
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11.12 Percentage Changes in Median
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11.15 involves the difficulty in de
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household per capita income did not
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Table n.1 Asymptotic Properties ofB
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Table 11.2 Household Average Annual
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Table II.3 Household Average Annual
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Table n.3 Household Average Annual
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Table II.5 Earners Classified by Re
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Table II.7 Household Average Annual
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Table n.s 199011991 HIECS Equivalen
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INDIVIDUAL WAGES AND SALARIES INDIV
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Table 11.13 Regression of Level Hou
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Table 11.16 Average Expenditures fo
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Table 11.18 Elasticities for Subsid
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1982. Tellis, Gerard, "The Price El
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Sequential List of Tables III.2 Tab
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IIL5 wages have hardly kept pace wi
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IH.E Household Poverty in Egypt II!
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111.14 number of poor households wo
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III. 20 Cairo, both the richest and
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Appendix lILA Statistical Formulas
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Table II!. 1 Poverty Rate Rankings
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Table III.3a Poverty Rate Rankings
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Table III.3c Poverty Rate Rankings
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'able III.5 Poverty Rate Rankings b
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"able It!. 7a Poverty Rate Rankings
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Bibliography - Chapter III. Poverty
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179, 1993. Rodgers, John L., and Jo
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Sequential List of Tables and Figur
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IV.S The unemployed are further cla
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IV.8 did not permit even a good est
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3. Secondary Industry 4. Machine In
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IV.IS the benchmark from which to m
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IV.18 Finally, standard human capit
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Table IV.2 Individual Incomes by So
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Table IV.4 Wage Regression Results
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USAID/EAP, "Findings of the Employm
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sequential List of Tables and Figur
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V.4 To underscore the critical impo
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V.C.2 Implementation of Current Wei
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V.10 telephone calls, in mind. Note
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V.E Dissemination and Publication V
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Appendix V.A An Alternate Estimator
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(19) E (20 ) t I col, a, t = = Eo 1
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Table V.l Comparison of Major Group
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Figure Y.3 Example ofEgypt's Price
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272-278, 1980. Pollak, R.A., "The S
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Page 200: VI.4 often two or more floors, with
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Page 207: VI.II consumption of housing. Assum
Page 214: Rent Elasticities VI.18 1990/1991 O
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Page 226 and 227: Figure VI. 1 A Synopsis of Egyptian
Page 231 and 232: Table VI.4 PersonslRoom, by Area, T
Page 233 and 234: Table VI.5 Average Housing Expendit
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Page 241 and 242: Development in Egypt: Investing in
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Page 250 and 251: Two-Way Classification of Attained
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Page 261 and 262: Bibliography - Chapter VII. Educati
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Page 265 and 266: VIII. 4 surgical or procedural, ane
Page 267 and 268: VIII. 6 level, additional education
Page 269 and 270: Table VIlLI Mean Medical Expenditur
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Page 273 and 274: Bibliography - Chapter VII. Medical
Page 275: IX.A Introduction · IX.2 An offici
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Page 287 and 288: Guidelines A Survey on Income, Expe
Page 289 and 290: Objectives ofthe survey: 1. Identif
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* If the household consumed a commo
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four sub-totals (8-1), (8-2), (8-3)
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The editor is the link between the
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7. Confirming that all families in
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5. Domicile It is the place where t
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8. Working condition The relationsh
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General Instructions Instructions f
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abroad. This table is completed in
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These are simple examples that defi
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This second group contains the foll
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poultry husbandry owned by the hous
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• Underwear winter and summer rea
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Table (6): Household expenses of fu
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This table does not include free se
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ecorded in the overall value column
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'" Expenses during the three months
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of this income on the individuals o
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Data Entry Manual
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First: Editing Coverage The 1995/19
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1 through 20: 4. If the reply to qu
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Instructions for Office Coding ,. ,
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January takes code "01" etc. d. Rur
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011100 121101 122103 131102 131103
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261176 261183 261199 262101 262102
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331911 331916 331917 331919 331999
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442301 442302 442303 491101 491103
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Occupation Codes 9 621502 Milker 62
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742112 742209 742214 742301 742302
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826107 826199 826203 826204 826206
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Economic Activity Codes
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Economic Activity Codes 2 fibers ex
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CONSUMPTION 8888 HEADCOVER-FEM 1620
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FRESH-VEG-TOTAL 359 BLANKETS-COTION
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MEATS-TOTAL 515 SCHOOL-TRANS 2912 C
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CPI item codes 7 GRILLED-FISH 1109
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The HIECS Data Dictionary
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Page 3 Data Dictionary: HIECS Creat
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Page 12 Data Dictionary: HIECS Crea
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Page 21 Data Dictionary: HIEes Crea
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Page 59 Data Dictionary: HIECS crea
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REFRMT.SAS 1 options pagesize=60; l
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REFRMT.SAS 3 if source4=4 then sour
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*/i REFRMT.SAS 5 if bwtv=2 then bwt
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REFRMT.SAS 7 data in. If; "infile a
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REFRMT.SAS 9 output out=codecomm; t
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REFRMT.SAS 11 annval=annval/100 i p
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REFRMT.SAS 13 proc means; var earne
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WTCALC.SAS 1 0ptions pagesize=60; l
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else if gov=13 and urbrur=O then do
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*CAPMAS and Cairo Demographic Cente
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SAS Occupation and Economic Activit
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HKFIX.SAS 2 if occu=413109 then occ
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Summary Statistics of All Questionn
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE DEMOGRAPHIC
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE INVENTORY RE
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE FOOD AND BEV
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE CLOTHING REC
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE HOUSING AND
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE HOUSEHOLD FU
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE HOUSEHOLD FU
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE MEDICAL RECO
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE PRIVATE TRAN
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE COMMUNICATIO
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE CSE (OTHER)
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE HOTEL, COFFE
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE PERSONAL CAR
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE WAGE AND SAL
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AVERAGE PERCENT CONTRIBUTION OF SEP
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE LANDS RECORD
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SUMMARY STATS FROM THE OTHER SOURCE
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SAS Files for Construction of CENVA
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if gov=23 and if gov=25 and if gov=
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proc delete data=work.sort5; run; p
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@7 finlwt @15 males @17 females @19
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options pagesize=60 i libname in 'c
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if occu=832104 then occu=732104; if
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MAKEVARI • SAS 6 or gov=27 or gOV
show all

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