Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Handbook: Production and

Overall U, English units
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
Half pipe
Jacket w/nozzles
–50 0 50 100 150 200 250
Jacket temperature °C
FIGURE 5 Overall heat transfer coeffi cient for 500 - gal reactors. Comparison of alloy half
pipe with glass - lined carbon steel (GLCS). Syltherm is the heat transfer fl uid. ( From ref. 18 ,
with permission .)
Overall U, English units
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
HEAT TRANSFER IN PROCESS VESSELS 151
Syltherm
Glycol
–50 0 50 100 150 200 250
Jacket temperature °C
FIGURE 6 Overall heat transfer coeffi cient for 500 - gal GLCS reactor. Comparison of Syltherm
with Glycol. ( From ref. 18 , with permission .)
3.1.4.3 Pilot - and Production - Scale Experiments
The relationships shown in Section 3.1.3 are also pertinent to large - scale reactors.
By using different solvents and volumes of solvent, pilot and production reactor
heat transfer characteristics can be determined from a series of experiments. A
primary limitation, compared to reaction calorimeter characterization, is that a calibration
probe is rarely available. Thus, heat - up and cool - down studies, performed