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Digital Culture: The Changing Dynamics The new strategy, the Development Strategy for the information society in the Republic of Slovenia (si2010), is following the same path as far as small nations and minorities are concerned. It is not wrong if ICT is conceived as the preserver and promoter of smaller cultures and identities, the problem lies in the fact that support for digital content in local languages is limited to the Slovene language and minority languages while intercultural communication and cultural diversity do not refer to the new minorities at all. It is not a surprise then that the Resolution on a National Programme for Language Policy 2007-2011 focuses entirely on the Slovene language when discussing the important role of ICT. The perception of cultural diversity as a promotional tool for Slovene culture can be found in the belief that cultural diversity is an ally of less known countries which suffered in the past from a lack of international recognition. Thus the si2010 strategy supports “access to Slovenian digital cultural content as a foundation for increasing Slovenia’s international profile” (si2010, 2007: 49). The problem with understanding cultural diversity is also reflected in both annual reports for 2004 and 2005 on the implementation of the National Cultural Programme 2004-2007. Both of these underline the successful realization of the priority to promote cultural diversity by speaking about the international funding of Slovene cultural projects, namely the EU supported schemes such as the structural funds and community programmes such as Culture 2000 and Media plus (Annual reports 2004:10; 2005:13 and 14). There is no awareness that the EU aims with these programmes either to overcome structural gaps in socio-economic development or to create transnational cultural space which should underline the European dimension without any ambition of cultural exchange as such. The UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions states among its objectives: “to encourage dialogue among cultures with a view to ensuring wider and balanced cultural exchanges in the world in favour of intercultural respect and a culture of peace; and to foster interculturality in order to develop cultural interaction in the spirit of building bridges among peoples”. Together with its other articles it is obvious that it refers to cultural diversity from an internal and from an external point of view. It is understandable that a small country sees the importance of maintaining cultural vitality for the further development of its cultural policy measures, when it cannot survive without public intervention. The principle of cultural diversity is certainly present in policy papers in relation to the traditional and as well as to the new minorities, but in the latter case only within the narrow sectorial policy for minorities. Cultural diversity poses a profound challenge to traditional formulations of cultural policy in all its aspects. 124
References Bennett, Tony: Differing Diversities: Transversal study on the theme of cultural policy and cultural diversity. Strasbourg, Council of Europe Publishing, 2001 Casey, Bernard and Dunlop, Rachael and Selwood, Sara: Culture as Commodity? The economics of the arts and built heritage in the UK. London, Policy Studies Institute, 1996 Cox, Geoff and Krysa, Joasia and Lewin, Anya (eds): Introduction to the (digital) culture industry in Economizing Culture: On “The (Digital) Culture Industry”. Autonomedia (DATA browser 01), 2004 Gazvoda, Jelka: Progress reports of the National Representatives Group coordination mechanisms for digitalization policies and programme. MINERVA eC Project and MICHAEL project, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 Jenkins, Henry: “Interactive audiences? The ‘collective intelligence’ of media fans” in Dan Harries (ed.), The New Media Book. London, British Film Institute, 2002 http://web.mit.edu/cms/People/henry3/collective%20intelligence.html (accessed 5 May 2008) Korun, Breda: Calimera Country report for Slovenia: Information on Public Libraries, Local Museums and Archives, 2005 http://www.calimera.org/Countries/Slovenia.aspx (accessed 19 May 2008) Rajh, Zdenka Semliè: Description of Archives with the Programme Tool InfoArh: Practical Experiences. Technical and Field Related Problems of Traditional and Electronic Archiving. Conference Proceedings, Maribor 6/2007, pp. 441-452, see http://193.2.142.10/fileadmin/www.pokarh-mb.si/pdf_datoteke/Radenci2007/Se mli_.pdf (accessed 19 May 2008) Wiesand, Andreas et al.: Sharing Diversity: National Approaches to Intercultural Dialogue in the EU, 2008, see http://www.interculturaldialogue.eu/web/index.php (accessed 19 May 2008) Strategic documents Digital culture in policy documents The Development Strategy for the information society in the Republic of Slovenia (si2010) http://www.mvzt.gov.si/fileadmin/mvzt.gov.si/pageuploads/pdf/informacijska_d ruzba/61405-EN_Strategija_razvoja_informacijske_druzbe_v_RS_si2010.pdf The Digital Library of Slovenia Development Strategy – dLib.si 2007-2010 http://www.dlib.si/documents/2008/Strategy_DKS.pdf 125
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Managing culture in virtual realms:
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Foreword Digital culture is a new c
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INTRODUCTION
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Digital Culture: The Changing Dynam
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PART ONE DIGITAL CULTURE - THE NEW
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Introduction Media users: from read
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Media users: from readership to co-
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designers will take a back seat in
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Transformations of cultural product
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The online power of users and money
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websites that fused into what we ma
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