Heiss W.D. (ed.) Quantum dots.. a doorway to - tiera.ru

Low-Temperature Conduction of a Quantum Dot 127
We reviewed in these notes the theory of the Kondo effect in transport
through quantum dots. A Coulomb-blockaded quantum dot behaves in many
aspects as an artificial “magnetic impurity” coupled via exchange interaction
to two conducting leads. Kondo effect in transport through such “impurity”
manifests itself in the lifting of the Coulomb blockade at low temperatures,
and, therefore, can be unambiguously identified. Quantum dot systems not
only offer a direct access to transport properties of an artificial impurity, but
also provide one with a broad arsenal of tools to tweak the impurity properties,
unmatched in conventional systems. The characteristic energy scale for the
intra-dot excitations is much smaller than the corresponding scale for natural
magnetic impurities. This allows one to induce degeneracies in the ground
state of a dot which are more exotic than just the spin degeneracy. This is
only one out of many possible extensions of the simple model discussed here.
Acknowledgements
The research at the University of Minnesota was supported by NSF grants
DMR02-37296, and EIA02-10736.
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