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EMBEDDED: WEAPONS OF MASS DECEPTION that U.S. forces came under “significant enemy fire” from the hotel, that there was an Iraqi bunker next to the hotel, and that Iraqi fire was coming from the hotel’s lobby. However, according to the report, “There is simply no evidence to support the official U.S. position that U.S. forces were returning hostile fire from the Palestine Hotel. It conflicts with eyewitness testimonies of Terry Lloyd, ITV News, Date unknown, Iman Anas Paul Moran, free-lancer, March 22, 2003, Gerdigo Kaveh Golestan, free-lancer, April 2, 2003, Kifri Michael Kelly, Atlantic Monthly, Washington Post, April 3, 2003, outside of Baghdad Christian Liebig, Focus, April 7, 2003, outside Baghdad Julio Anguita Parrado, El Mundo, April 7, 2003, outside Baghdad Tareq Ayyoub, Al-Jazeera, April 8, 2003, Baghdad José Couso, Telecinco, April 8, 2003, Baghdad Taras Protsyuk, Reuters, April 8, 2003, Baghdad 236 numerous journalists in the hotel.” “Based on the information contained in this report, CPJ calls afresh on the Pentagon to conduct a thorough and public investigation into the shelling of the Palestine Hotel. Such a public accounting is necessary not only to determine the cause of this incident, but also to ensure that similar episodes do not occur in the future.” ● ROSTER OF THE DEAD AND MISSING NON-COMBAT-RELATED DEATHS: Veronica Cabrera, America TV, April 15, about 24 miles from Baghdad Mario Podestá, free-lance, April 14, about 24 miles from Baghdad David Bloom, NBC News, April 6, 2003, outside Baghdad Gaby Rado, Channel 4 News, Date unknown, Suleimaniya OTHER MEDIA WORKERS KILLED IN ACTION: Kamaran Abdurazaq Muhamed, translator for BBC, April 6, 2003, northern Iraq MISSING IN IRAQ: Fred Nerac, French, 43 years old Hussein Othman, Lebanese, 28 years old Source: Committee To Protect Journalists, April 26, 2003
REMEMBERING THE FALLEN SOME FACTS FROM FAIR (Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting) AMPLIFYING OFFICIALS, SQUELCHING DISSENT uring the Iraq war, the guest lists of major nightly newscasts were dominated by government and military officials, disproportionately favored prowar voices and marginalized dissenters, a new study by FAIR has found. Starting the day after the invasion of Iraq began, the three-week study covered the most intense weeks of the war (March 20 to April 9, 2003). It examined 1,617 on-camera sources in stories about Iraq on six major evening newscasts: ABC World News Tonight, CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, CNN’s Wolf Blitzer Reports, Fox News Channel’s Special Report with Brit Hume and PBS’s NewsHour With Jim Lehrer. Some key findings: ■ Official voices dominate: 63 percent of all sources were current or former government employees. U.S. officials alone accounted for more than half (52 percent) of all sources. ■ Pro-war chorus: Nearly two thirds of all sources – 64 percent – were pro-war. ■ Anti-war voices missing: At a time when 27 percent of the U.S. public opposed the war, only 10 percent of all sources, and just 3 percent of U.S. sources, were anti-war. That means the percentage of Americans opposing the war was nearly 10 times higher in the real world than on 237 the news. ■ Sound bytes vs. interviews: When anti-war guests did make the news, they were mostly relegated to man-on-the-street sound bytes. Not a single show did a sit-down interview with a person identified as being against the war. ■ International perspectives scarce: Only 6 percent of sources came from countries other than the U.S., Britain or Iraq. Citizens of France, Germany and Russia – countries most opposed to war – constituted just 1 percent of all guests. The six shows’ guest lists had a lot in common, but there were a few differences. Of U.S. sources, NBC Nightly News had the smallest percentage of officials (60 percent) and the largest percentage of anti-war guests (4 percent), while CBS Evening News had the highest percentage of officials (75 percent) and fewest anti-war voices (a single sound byte from Michael Moore’s Oscar acceptance speech). “When independent policy critics and grassroots voices are shortchanged, democracy is shortchanged,” said FAIR’s Steve Rendall. “Not one show offered proportionate coverage of antiwar sentiment. If media are supposed to foster vigorous, inclusive debate during national crises, it’s clear that during the Iraq war, TV news let the public down.” ●
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EMBEDDED . WEAPONS OF MASS HOW THE
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EMBEDDED
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EMBEDDED: WEAPONS OF MASS DISTRACTI
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DEDICATION To all who fought and th
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PROLOGUE TO A POST LOG IT is safe t
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or was persuaded by its storyline.
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BLOGGING THE WAR AWAY ew of us esca
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aging the perceptions” of those w
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The embedded journalist THIS book f
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as if it was the property of, and i
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Middle Eastern studies and internat
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world. Clearly some of it brought b
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“Can there be a democracy when th
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TRAINING MEDIA FOR WAR By KATHLEEN
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unprecedented access to the war in
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depicted people hit by weapons. Med
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The data confirming that we were il
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what really transpired in the brief
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What is the connection between the
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emain in Afghanistan, and they may
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studs? Were readers and viewers wel
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competitors, like CNN and MSNBC, to
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NEW YORK / FEBRUARY 24, 2003 IRAQI
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WAR CALLS AND THE NEWS BIZ RUSHES T
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seem to want to be in the media mor
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more can be made of.” Underscore
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dent would only go to Strasbourg to
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The media is the illusion I LOVE th
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to the problems facing journalists
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major organs, and clostridium perfr
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nalism.” The problem is that abse
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Redstone [chairman, CEO, Viacom] ha
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And what about Arab news outlets wi
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“[A] NEW and subtler instrument m
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NEW YORK,MARCH 17,2003 WASHINGTON D
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(who, overseas readers should be aw
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PBS to the Rescue SURELY there were
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can we do here? 1) Rumsfeld has alr
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Phillip Rochot, a respected reporte
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attlefield. So having journalists h
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NEW YORK,MARCH 19,2003 RIGHT WING L
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CNN later quietly settled with them
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War dances or not, there clearly is
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sources, military types, other CC n
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which missed the signals for 9/11.
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oadcast industry are now seeking, i
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most of the rest of the world out o
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the time? According to Samantha Pow
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By GREG MITCHELL THE war is only a
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NEW YORK, MARCH 25, 2003 IS THE INV
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demoralized by the enemy’s fierce
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eral Wesley Clark, former supreme a
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www.iraqbodycount.net/bodycount.htm
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500 embedded reporters, who natural
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Put this warning on your TV set FIN
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interest up close and personal stor
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Reporting or distorting? HOW do we
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lessly by a stable of resident ‘e
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ians, torn to pieces before they co
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emphasized that bombing a televisio
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cated surveillance equipment and is
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Myers yesterday blasted critics of
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interviews that Secretary of Defens
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information is probably more freely
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BATTLEFIELD BLUES WAR AS ONE BIG JO
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NEW YORK, MARCH 25, 2003 INVADERS F
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clients. “Air the National Anthem
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“The right-wing media and politic
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eporter as they come. They used a r
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Their Master’s Voice YEARS ago, R
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alongside the reporters in Iraq,”
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What are we seeing? Last night Aaro
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cell door was closed and the click
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SURROUNDING BAGHDAD WORDS OF THE WI
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NEW YORK, APRIL 3, 2003 DEATH TOLL
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APRIL 4: WHAT WOULD DR. KING SAY AB
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ance, bad weather and vulnerable su
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It’s an invasion, not a war. It
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Arnett back on the air PETER ARNETT
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eport is compromised.” “When a
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Red Cross horrified IT was in the C
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military conflict, it is getting ug
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offer a useful framework to integra
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eporters and photographers out of t
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Page 193 and 194: NEW YORK, APRIL 10, 2003: LOOTING E
Page 195 and 196: EMBEDDED: SO, WEAPONS THIS IS OF VI
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Page 203 and 204: Off the charts IN FACT, there was a
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Page 207 and 208: assess each market whenever a compa
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Page 213 and 214: Off with their heads JOURNALISTS wh
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Page 237: As Linda McQuaig wrote in the Toron
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Page 265: “March 10. Pro-Government rallies
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Page 283 and 284: NEW YORK, OCTOBER 10, 2003 COVERING
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had taken off. This time, there wer
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of the Media was too soft on Presid
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they play to engineering consent, a
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LAST WORDS
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CREDITS
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EMBEDDED: WEAPONS OF MASS DECEPTION
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