ganZi qarTuli miwisa

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mtredisferi, momwvano da sxva ferebi; mas aqvs opalescencia – ferTa cisartyelasebr TamaSi. es ferebi gansazRvravs Zvirfasi qvis silamazes da Rirsebas. saxelwodeba opali sanskritul “upalodan” momdinareobs da niSnavs Zvirfas qvas. opali amorfuli mineralia, TeTri, Savi, mtredisferi, mwvane, narinjisferi. simagre – 5,5-6,5; simkvrive – 2.0-2.3; monatexi– niJarisebri, gamonayofTa formebi – mtevnisebri an Tirkmlisebri; amorfuli kaJmiwas agregatebia; gamWvirvalidan Suqgamtaramde, sinaTlis gardatexa – 1.44-1.46. opali yovelTvis Seicavs wyals. agregatebi – mkvrivi, nadeni. ConCxisebri masebi qmnis diatomitis javSans, radiolariebis ConCxs, RrubelTa spikulebs. warmoSoba hidroTermulia. Sefervis Taviseburebisa da optikuri efeqtis mixedviT gamoyofen keTilSobili opalis saxesxvaobebs: TeTri opali, Ria gamWvirvale, sinaTlis TamaSi– mtredisfer tonebSi, Savi opali, Savi an Zlier muqi iisferi, lurji, mwvane, mkafio sinaTlis TamaSi, upiratesad, wiTel, mwvane da lurj tonebSi; arlekini – laqebiani opali wiTeli feris siWarbiT; `katis Tvali~ kaSkaSa mwvane gadasvlebiT;keTilSobili opali – axasiaTebs opalescencia; jirazoli – mtredisferi da TeTrad Suqgamtari opali wiTel tonebSi ferTa TamaSiT; dedoflis opali – avstriis opalebis unikaluri saxesxvaoba; leikoz-opali, rZisebri-mwvane, mwvane an Wiaferi. Zvirfas saxesxvaobaTa garda, cnobilia sxva saxis opalic: opal-oniqsi, Cveulebrivi opali, xisebri opali, naxevaropali, TeTri an moyviTalo feris, mqrqali, kideebSi Suqgamtari minerali. xsnaridan gamoyofisa da 72
agregatebis agebulebis mixedviT, arCeven agreTve geizerits. am ukanasknelis lamazi saxesxvaobaa fioriti. opali gavrcelebuli mineralia. gamoiyofa cxeli da civi wylebidan. igi hipergenul zonaSi mravali silikaturi mineralis daSlis saboloo produqti da postvulkanuri hidroTermuli warmoSobis mineralicaa. vulkanur mxareebSi opali gamoiyofa cxeli wyaroebidan da geizerebidan, warmoiqmneba madanTa daJangvis zonaSic. arqeologiuri masalebiT mtkicdeba, rom opals icnobdnen antikuri xanis saqarTveloSi. mcxeTis imdroindel samarxebSi aRmoCenil nivTebs Soris, opalis- Tvliani oqros beWedicaa. opali moxseniebulia Zvel qarTul xelnawerebSic. magaliTad, ioane bagrationi `kalmasobaSi~ ase axasiaTebs opals: òpali anu zRvis cremli ars mkvriv qvaTa Soris mexuTisa anu meeqvsisa xarisxisa mqonebeli. feriT ars Saqrisa da rZisferi, myari da bzinvare~. saqarTveloSi opali gvxvdeba ajameTis spongoliTiani qviSaqvebisa da qalcedonis sabadoSi. opali da naxevaropali mniSvnelovani raodenobiT cnobilia qobuleTis midamoebSi, zRvispirze, damrgvalebuli kenWebisa da `zRvis cremlebis~ saxiT; axalcixis aqatis budobebSi, qalcedonTan erTad, zogjer gvxvdeba opalic. dasasruls aRsaniSnavia goderZis gadasasvlelis gaqvavebul tye. aq arsebuli gaopalebuli xe aris Savi, moyviTalo, mwvane da mura, gaqvavebuli xeebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes sanaxelavo qvad. utkisubnis gaqvavebuli tyis Sesaxeb akad. a. fersmani wers: “xeebis Reroebis feri Savi, nacrisferi da yavisferia, kvarcis TeTri ZarRvebiTa da grovebiT, xolo mineralogiuri bunebiT isini miekuTvnebian naxevrad opalsa da qalcedons.” 73
Page 1 and 2:
saqarTvelos teqnikuri universiteti
Page 3 and 4:
Sesavali saqarTvelos miwa mdidaria
Page 5 and 6:
polimorfuli saxesxvaoba gamowveulia
Page 7 and 8:
da metamorfuli warmoSobis qanebi: g
Page 9 and 10:
oqro qimiurad inertulia, maRal temp
Page 11 and 12:
omaeli istorikosi apiane (ax.w. IIs
Page 13 and 14:
wveTis da sxvaTa saxiT. qviSrobuli
Page 15 and 16:
olnisis madniani raionis (xrami, ma
Page 17 and 18:
zedapiris garkveul doneze daJanguli
Page 19 and 20: kina rkina (Fe) sakmaod farTo gavrc
Page 21 and 22: sulfidebi silikatebis Semdeg, sulfi
Page 23 and 24: spilenZis sulfidi spilenZis Semcvel
Page 25 and 26: danaleq qanebSic. gamoyeneba - spil
Page 27 and 28: saidanac madans iRebdnen. pompeis g
Page 29 and 30: sxva sabadoebic (afxazeTSi, aWaraSi
Page 31 and 32: aseve xmaroben manqanebis wvrili na
Page 33 and 34: saqarTveloSi vercxliswylis sabadoeb
Page 35 and 36: kavkasionis samxreT ferdobze anTimo
Page 37 and 38: stibiumi (surma) da misi naerTebi m
Page 39 and 40: cnobili. ZarRvebis simZlavre 0,1-1,
Page 41 and 42: aris Tavisufali Jangbadi. Jangeuleb
Page 43 and 44: qurebi, romlebic agreTve rkinis uZv
Page 45 and 46: metalurgiuli warmoeba. CaTaxis rkin
Page 47 and 48: saqarTveloSi manganumis didi sabado
Page 49 and 50: herman abixma, romelmac aRniSna sab
Page 51 and 52: ormagi gardatexa - 0,009. kvarcis m
Page 53 and 54: Semdeg `vercxlis WurWelsa arRara aq
Page 55 and 56: `TvalTaiSi~ Tormet Zvirfas qvas Sor
Page 57 and 58: zoliania Tu zolebs moklebuli, qalce
Page 59 and 60: amgvarad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom saqa
Page 61 and 62: mezozourSi, gansakuTrebiT carcul na
Page 63 and 64: Jangis minareviT, xolo moyviTalo-wi
Page 65 and 66: feodalur dromde. ZiriTadad gamoyene
Page 67 and 68: aqatisagan gaTlili unikaluri mZiveb
Page 69: sicarieleebi amovsebulia SiO2 is x
Page 73 and 74: wyaro ujarmasTan; Telavis raioni -
Page 75 and 76: kalcits farTod iyenebs saxalxo meur
Page 77 and 78: nikolis prizmebisTvis vargisi islan
Page 79 and 80: dasaxsruli samajurebisaTvis, aseve
Page 81 and 82: sulfatebis ramdenime saxeobaa cnobi
Page 83 and 84: fxvnili swrafad Seikvreba - gamyard
Page 85 and 86: ariti g. smitis mier bariti Setanil
Page 87 and 88: ufro xSiria mTliani, marcvlovani, m
Page 89 and 90: qvas, xolo arabulad ki qvas, romels
Page 91 and 92: 1. firuzis budobebis warmoqmnisaTvi
Page 93 and 94: tanisamosi mravlad iyo daculi saqar
Page 95 and 96: eba - minisebri, gamofitul saxesxva
Page 97 and 98: azaltebSi da sxv. arasodes gvxvdeba
Page 99 and 100: amfibolebs Soris magmuri qanebisaTv
Page 101 and 102: singonia - monoklinuri, simagre - 6
Page 103 and 104: 20sm-mde, TiTqmis kvadratuli kveTis
Page 105 and 106: kordieriti kordieriti mesame klasis
Page 107 and 108: `TvalTaiSi~ es minerali bivrilonis,
Page 109 and 110: lopan-WeraTxevis serpentini gaprial
Page 111 and 112: saqarTveloSi Zveli droidan yofila c
Page 113 and 114: magi gardatexa - 0.015, sufTa ceoli
Page 115 and 116: xolo 117 3+ R 2 Al, Fe, Cr. laTinu
Page 117 and 118: giorgis xati (1636 w.), aqvea beqa
Page 119 and 120: karbonatuli qanebis kontaqtur-metas
Page 121 and 122:
almasi -C saqarTveloSi almasi cnobi
Page 123 and 124:
li ese andamati hswodebodes amis ga
Page 125 and 126:
daculi Tamar mefis yelis jvars (XII
Page 127 and 128:
zurmuxti xSirad amkobda mefeTa gvir
Page 129 and 130:
lali amkobs ana qsnis erisTavis say
Page 131 and 132:
iyo uralSi, altaiSi da imier-baikal
Page 133 and 134:
erTi oTaxis kedelze saxeni kacisa d
Page 135 and 136:
margaliti qimiuri SedgenilobiT, mar
Page 137 and 138:
qvebis zogadi saxelic. Zvel qarTulS
Page 139 and 140:
viTa margalitsa, hyris vardisa da s
Page 141 and 142:
sxvadasxva ferisaa: avstraliis sada
Page 143 and 144:
gujaraSi aRniSnulia: àRvirni TaTru
Page 145 and 146:
oweulis yvavilis feri, ,,korali’
Page 147 and 148:
Savi, elvare saxesxvaobaa. qimiuri
Page 149 and 150:
mZivebs (e.w. `kakilebs~), krialosn
Page 151 and 152:
muxti, firuzi, margaliti, fazari, l
Page 153 and 154:
iaxonti, broli, fazari, sardioni, s
Page 155 and 156:
`CaWirebuli lurji~ (laJvardi) da a.
Page 157 and 158:
cecxlSigan Caagde cota xans daayovn
Page 159 and 160:
xarbeba~, mainc, Zvirfasi qvebis Se
Page 161 and 162:
mineralTa qarTuli saxelwodebebi afx
Page 163 and 164:
dasawyisisaTvis ocze meti mineralur
Page 165 and 166:
JangbadTan) da aRdgeniT procesTan (
Page 167 and 168:
sisxlisfer oxras, mumia ewodeba. Tu
Page 169 and 170:
kacobrioba uZvelesi droidan icnobs.
Page 171 and 172:
kinis surinji aris afxazeTSi, aWara
Page 173 and 174:
lurjidan-iisframde, arsebobis mwvan
Page 175 and 176:
saukuneebSi, rodesac mas xelovnuri
Page 177 and 178:
qani SesaZlebelia erTi mineralisgan
Page 179 and 180:
SiO 2. Sesabamisad, SiO2 -is Semcve
Page 181 and 182:
magmuri qanebis wolis formebi magmu
Page 183 and 184:
lisa da xramis kristaluri masivebis
Page 185 and 186:
paralelurad daSrevebul fenebad; axa
Page 187 and 188:
peridotiti peridotiti oliviniani qa
Page 189 and 190:
kvarci, orToklazi, pirotini, Spinel
Page 191 and 192:
kainotipuri efuziuri analogi. Savi,
Page 193 and 194:
eSTaSenis nacixar-naqalaqevSi, Saor
Page 195 and 196:
kalcitiT, miniT amovsebuli sicariel
Page 197 and 198:
masivebis, ZarRvebis saxiT. saqarTv
Page 199 and 200:
saqarTveloSi andezitebis gavrcelebi
Page 201 and 202:
mikroklini), plagioklazis ( An 18-3
Page 203 and 204:
avgiti - 10%-s, arfedsoniti (silika
Page 205 and 206:
Zirulis masivSi, xramisa da loqis k
Page 207 and 208:
monconit-pegmatiti, norit-pegmatiti
Page 209 and 210:
ulebiT arCeven: aglomeratul, breqCi
Page 211 and 212:
saqarTveloSi tufogenur qviSaqvebSi
Page 213 and 214:
saqarTveloSi (bolnisi, dmanisi, TeT
Page 215 and 216:
javaxiSvili), Tavisi mefobis period
Page 217 and 218:
i faciesebi zRvasa da xmeleTs Soris
Page 219 and 220:
3. organogenuli - organizmebis (rog
Page 221 and 222:
naxevradblant mdgomareobaSi dineba
Page 223 and 224:
ovaluri formis antiklinebs mokle Re
Page 225 and 226:
naklebad ngreuli qviT Sendeboda. ri
Page 227 and 228:
cementis Sedgenilobis mixedviT gamo
Page 229 and 230:
minis warmoebisaTvis saWiro nedleul
Page 231 and 232:
saqarTveloSi saSen qvebTan dakavSir
Page 233 and 234:
mopoveba uZvelesi droidan dRemde wa
Page 235 and 236:
mcxeTis sveticxovlis ezoSi aRmoaCin
Page 237 and 238:
elferi miuRia. garda mSeneblobisa,
Page 239 and 240:
Tixas uZvelesi droidan iyenebs adam
Page 241 and 242:
ilemSi, SemoqmedSi, CorCanaSi, xonS
Page 243 and 244:
entonituri Tixa maT saxeli ewoda aS
Page 245 and 246:
aseTi Tvisebebis yofiliyo. mecnieri
Page 247 and 248:
diddeba moculobaSi. Sedgeba tute mo
Page 249 and 250:
suramis da misi midamoebis (itria,
Page 251 and 252:
fiqlebi cnobilia ivris xeobis zemo
Page 253 and 254:
kirqva kirqva, metwilad, zRviuri da
Page 255 and 256:
Sina monasteri ugumbaTo, wiTlis brw
Page 257 and 258:
mowafes carciT gamohyavs winadadeba
Page 259 and 260:
wers: àrs sasaxle mefeTagan did Se
Page 261 and 262:
dolomitei kirqvisgan ar gansxvavdeb
Page 263 and 264:
saqarTveloSi Sirimis anu spontikis
Page 265 and 266:
metamorfuli qanebi saqarTvelos teri
Page 267 and 268:
aspiduri fiqali aspiduri fiqali yve
Page 269 and 270:
andaluzitiT, kianitiT da biotitiT.
Page 271 and 272:
cituls, kvarc-hidroqarsians da kvar
Page 273 and 274:
marmarilo kirqvebisa da dolomitebis
Page 275 and 276:
msoflioSi cnobilia italiis qalaq ka
Page 277 and 278:
da friad didi~. am cnobidan Cans, r
Page 279 and 280:
sarCevi Sesavali ------------------
Page 281 and 282:
glaukoniti ------------------------
Page 283 and 284:
danaleqi qanis mineraluri Sedgenilo
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ganZi qarTuli miwisa

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