ÏßÖéÈÑèÌâÂìñÜÃÎñà ÁÜÃÈíà åÌ à ÎÎ Öà × - LAD - nafri

ÂîÌÖèÀÅßÌßÁÜÃÉ¿ÌÎçÅàÎçÅà âÎèÌæÓ‹Øð³ÌåÍ, É¿ÌÓêÖèÀÅßÌßâÎèÌÑîñÓ ÓêâÝìÜÌÇÜÈãÏŠÀ×òàÃ, Åïà 3-20 ãÓèÈ ãÖß ÓêÙ‹àÉ‹àÃÑÞÃâÜéÀ5-50 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ. âÎìÜÀÁÜÖÓèÌ Ùà, À‹ÞÃ, Åêâ˳à, ÓêÔàÃÅêÁà×. åÍ ØÇàÍ, Æà, ÓêÝïÍÝñàÃÉŠàÃÀèÌ âÆ¨Ì É¿ÌÜŠÜÌ âÎèÌ–ãÀ–ÀâÖéÀ ãÖß –É¿ÌãÀŠ åÍâÎèÌÝïÍæÁŠ, ÁÜÍåÍ âÎèÌ–ãÁ‹×. ÁßÙàÈÁÜÃåÍ Çà× 7-20 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ, À×òàà 6-8 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈãÖß ÓêÀ‹àÌåÍ Çà× 3-10 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ. ÀªÃÊàÜŠÜÌÓêÅêÁÞ×,ÓêÁíÌ ãÖß ÅŠ×Ì–âÎìÜÀãÀŠ âÎèÌÅêÌŸÉàÌ Óê–âÅ´ÌåÇÛàÇ.ÀªÃÊàãÀŠ ÓêâÎìÜÀÙà âÎèÌÅêÌŸÉàÌÎíÌâ˳à, ãɊ׊àÏŠÜÇÍ¡ËíÌËàÌÉ¡ÖíÓÑèÈ. ÈÜÀÔïŠÉ¿ÌÏï‹‹âÎèÌÅêâÛìÜà ÎíÌÁà×, Æ¡ÈÜÀâÎèÌÝ×ÃÇà× 10-15 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ. Æ¡ÈÜÀÔɿÌãÓŠâÎèÌØí×ÓíÌÀíÓ ÓêâÅ´ÌÏŠàÅïÌÀàà 1.2-1.8 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ. ÚàÀ –âÎèÌ–ÚàÀ–â̺Ü, ÓíÌ, ÅêÅíòÓ ãÖßÓêÁíÌÅêÓŠ×Ã, ÓêâÅ´ÌÏŠàÅïÌÀàà 1-3 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ ãÖß ÍèÌÄîÓêãÀŠÌÌ‹Üǃ ÅêãÈÃÆŸ–âÎèÌ–ÄáÌ×Ì–Û×ÃÛàÇ –ãÖß ãÉŠÖßãÀŠÌ–ãÓŠÌ–ÄèÍ–åÅŠ–ÀèÍ–À‹àÌ–ÚàÀâÎèÌ–âÌìòÜ Æ±ÃÇà× ÎßÓàÌ 1.2 ÆèÃÉêãÓèÈ.ÀàÌ–Àß–ÄàÇ– –ãÖß ÖßÍíÍÌé–â×ÈâÁÈÀßÄàÇÑèÌÁÜÃÉ¿ÌÎçÅà ãÓŠÌÔïŠÎßâËÈǯÎîŠÌ, ÄêÌ, ×ÞÈÌàÓ, ÀáÎïâÄÇ, æË, –ÓÞÌÓà,ÜéÌâÈÇ, ÓàâÖâÆÇ ãÖß ÜéÌäÈâÌâÆÇ. ÔïŠÖà× –ãÓŠÌ–ÑíÍ–âØèÌ–Ô˳זæÎ. ÔïŠËàÃÑàÀâÙìÜÄß–ÑíÍ–âØèÌ–ÛàÇ –åÌâÁÈ˯ÓêÈéÌÜîÈíÓÅíÓÍïÌ (âÁÈ˯–Óê–Æ´ÌØêÌ–â¿à–âÎèÌØêÌÎïÌ), –âÁÈåÀ‹ÀèÍãÂÓØ‹×ÇãÖß äÈÇÅßâÑàß –ãÓŠÌ–âÁÈÖÞÍÉàÓãÂÓãÓŠÌŸÁÜÃ. É¿ÌÎçÅà âÎèÌÑìÈ˯ɋÜÃÀàÌÌŸ ãÖßãÅÃãÈÈ, –âÎèÌ–ÑìÈ–ÍîÀ–âÍêÀ ˯åØÇŠæ× Æ±Ã–ÅàÓàÈãÏŠÀßÄàÇ–æÈ‹æ× ÉàÓ–ÍŠÜ̖˯ΊàÈíÃÈéÍ ãÖßΊàØð³ÌåÍ –ÊìÀ–ÊàÖâÎèÌæÝŠ. ÎíÀÀßÉé ÓèÌ–ÄßâÀêÈÎßÎíÌÀèÌ–æÎÀèÍæӋΊÜÃ.Åñ×ÌÎßÀÜÍÅáÂèÌÚàÀÍèÌÄîËàÈÖéÀÌêÌ (lignin), ÀàÌÆÞÓÀàÀäÍâÌÈ ÆßÌéÈ–ÉŠàÃ, ÀíÈ, ËàÈæÁÓèÌ,äÎÕÉêÆ (protease) (–âÜèÌ–æÆ ÇŠÜÇ–äΖÕÉêÌ), æÆÓàÆà (cymasa) –ãÖß ÆàäÎäÌÆàÇ(saponoside).ÀàÌâÀèÍÀï‹ÖáÉ¿Ì˯ÓêÜàÇî 6-24 âÈìÜÌ ãÓŠÌÅàÓàÈÉèÈæÎÌáåÆ‹æÈ‹, ÀàÌÉèÈãÓŠÌåØ‹ÉèÈÅïÃÄàÀÙ‹àÈéÌ292NTFP handbook.indb 29203/05/2009 8:50:54 AM