Second Language Acquisition and Second ... - Stephen Krashen

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Wagner-Gough, J. (1975) Comparative Studies in Second Language Learning. MA Thesis, UCLA, TESL Department. Wagner-Gough, J. and E. Hatch (1975) "The importance of input data in second language acquisition studies." Language Learning 25: 297-308. Wesche, M. (1977) "Learning behaviors of successful adult students on intensive language training." Paper presented at Los Angeles Second Language Acquisition Forum, UCLA, 1977. Wesche, M. (1980) "Language aptitude measures in streaming, matching students with methodologies and diagnosis of learning problems." In K. Diller (Ed.), Individual Differences and Universals in Language Learning Aptitude. Rowley, Ma.: Newbury House. Whitaker, H. (1971) On the Representation of Language in the Human Mind. Edmonton: Linguistic Research Inc. Wiley, R. (1978) " An investigation of foreigner talk register in and out of the classroom." MA Paper, Dept of Linguistics, USC. Wilkins, D. A. (1976) Notional Syllabuses. London: Oxford University Press. Witelson, S. (1977) "Early hemisphere specialization and interhemispheric plasticity." In S. Segalowitz and F. Gruber (Eds.), Language Development and Neurological Theory. New York: Academic Press, pp. 213-287. Witelson, S. and W. Pallie (1973) "Left hemisphere specialization for language in the newborn." Brain 96: 641-646. Wode, H. (1978) "Developmental sequences in naturalistic L2 acquisition." In E. Hatch (Ed.), Second Language Acquisition. Rowley, Ma.: Newbury House, pp. 101-117. Wode, H. (1979) "The L2 acquisition of English in a natural setting." Studia Anglica Posnaniensia 10: 35-48. Wode, H., J. Bahns, H. Bedey, and W. Frank (1978) "Developmental sequence: an alternative approach to morpheme order." Language Learning 28: 175-185. Wood, C., W. Goff, and R. Day (1971) "Auditory evoked potentials during speech perception." Science 173: 1248-1251. Zaidel, E. (1973) Linguistic Competence and Related Functions in the Right cerebral Hemisphere of Man following Commissurotomy and Hemispherectomy. Ph. D. dissertation, California Institute of Technology. Zobl, H. (1980) "The formal and developmental selectivity of L1 influence on L2 acquisition." Unpublished paper. 150
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Second Language Acquisition and Sec
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Acknowledgments I would like to tha
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Introduction This book is concerned
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performance..." (p.35). Corder (196
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when it does not get in the way of
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language (some similarities to firs
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In the second part of this chapter,
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far more valuable then the exercise
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Monitoring generally improves accur
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overconcern with correctness, howev
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language is spoken or may be expose
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2. Attitude and Aptitude in Second
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1973, p. 8). Carroll also suggests
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outines and patterns, and at a more
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Sentences, Paired Associates, and S
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stay-ins appeared to be integrative
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motivation played no role because o
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(1977), after interviewing teachers
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did not produce the same results. T
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a stage many people, but not all, r
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The Good Language Learner Revisited
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predict differences in student achi
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settle the issue of whether adults
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language had higher scores than stu
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Table 1. English proficiency and ye
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The "self-study" reinterpretation o
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series the evidence for learning is
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4. The Domain of the Conscious Gram
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Ann Fathman, confirmed our earlier
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significant differences for any of
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Table 1. Studies analyzing grammati
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Table 3. Counterexamples to orderin
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Table 4 (cont.) ___________________
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ut *der Katze Ohr (The cat's ear).
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Research Findings 1. First language
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First-language-influenced errors he
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and (4) Ich weiss nicht, I know not
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ain", the right hemisphere, appears
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second language acquisition in adul
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hemisphere is removed, and the pati
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Monitor, to exist, and the degree t
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advantage in the first language. En
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while English "orients its users to
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7. On Routines and Patterns in Lang
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adulthood. A. Smith (1966) describe
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"That's a _______") which were char
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variation. Nelson, for example, dis
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which he had learned by imitation.
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and often incorporated them into hi
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what utterances mean by observing h
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Furthermore, she associated strings
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Page 109 and 110: up to the intermediate level. As Wa
Page 111 and 112: practical only in a foreign languag
Page 113 and 114: is making some effort at making him
Page 115 and 116: It may be useful to distinguish thr
Page 117 and 118: the luxury of building up acquired
Page 119 and 120: marker /-s/, and the regular and ir
Page 121 and 122: to speak the language they were lea
Page 123 and 124: 9. The Theoretical and Practical Re
Page 125 and 126: contact with. "Teacher-talk" is the
Page 127 and 128: language in Los Angeles. S. K. also
Page 129 and 130: Caretaker Speech and Language Acqui
Page 131 and 132: speech is so well rooted in the "he
Page 133 and 134: speech is: they are simpler than na
Page 135 and 136: Freed (1980) reports that foreigner
Page 137 and 138: e boredom. When they overshoot, the
Page 139 and 140: class was conducted entirely in Fre
Page 141 and 142: more expansions as well as repetiti
Page 143 and 144: Broen, P. (1972) The Verbal Environ
Page 145 and 146: Dulay, H. and M. Burt (1977) "Remar
Page 147 and 148: Hakuta, K. and H. Cancino (1977) "T
Page 149 and 150: Learning Aptitude. Rowley, Ma.: New
Page 151 and 152: Academy of Aphasia. Victoria, Briti
Page 153: Smith, A. (1966) "Speech and other
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