Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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Hopefully, you were able to successfully run this sketch. I created an alternative rendering option as well, which you can mess with in a bit. When you run the sketch, you should see many (actually 500) white balls moving randomly around, bouncing off the edges of the window. This code is not simple, so don’t feel bad if it is a struggle to understand it. You’re going to be doing a lot more of this type of coding beginning in Chapter 6—so this is really more like a teaser than something you need to fully grasp at this point. I just thought it was good to show you something a little more interesting after all the hard work you’ve been putting in. The main concept I want to reinforce at this point is the power of arrays and loops. Let’s look at the program in sections: // global variables int ballCount = 500; int ballSize = 8; int ballSpeed = 3; float[]xspeed = new float[ballCount]; float[]yspeed= new float[ballCount]; float[]xpos = new float[ballCount]; float[]ypos = new float[ballCount]; float[]wdth = new float[ballCount]; float[]ht = new float[ballCount]; After my comments, I declare and initialize some global variables; these variables will be accessible throughout the entire program. I chose the specific data type, in this case int or float, based on the type of value that would need to be stored in the respective variables/arrays. Obviously, ballCount could be an integer value, but a speed value would need to be a float value. The arrays are initialized with enough memory to hold the total number of balls. Remember, I can’t change the arrays’ sizes once they’re initialized (in truth, you’ll see later that there are indeed functions to do such a thing), so it’s important to make them big enough at the beginning. Although the arrays are initialized to each hold 500 values (based on ballCount), there is still nothing in them. //initialize sketch void setup(){ //set sketch window size and background color size(400, 400); background(0); //initialize values for all balls for (int i=0; i
PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COMPUTATIONAL ART 94 // set initial ball placement xpos[i] = width/2+random(-width/3, width/3); ypos[i] = height/2+random(-height/3, height/3); } // turn off shape stroke rendering noStroke(); //set the animation loop speed frameRate(30); } After declaring the global variables, I do some program initialization in the setup() function. I set the window size and background color, and then I use a somewhat hairy-looking for loop. In reality, it’s not that different from the single-ball setup() function, but arrays can look intimidating until you get used to them. The for loop for (int i=0; i
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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Page 78 and 79: } pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
Page 80 and 81: The overall movement was good, but
Page 82 and 83: Obviously, there are a lot of thing
Page 84 and 85: } } // generates organic looking br
Page 88 and 89: 3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
Page 90 and 91: Your first program In most programm
Page 92 and 93: message comes up on the bar in the
Page 94 and 95: Since the getBreed() method would r
Page 96 and 97: Variables Variables are essential t
Page 98 and 99: It’s because strict typing helps
Page 100 and 101: Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
Page 102 and 103: Next, I assign values to some primi
Page 104 and 105: In the first preceding example, add
Page 106 and 107: Assignment operators The only other
Page 108 and 109: * title: Bouncing Ball description:
Page 110 and 111: Animation is a perfect example of t
Page 112 and 113: if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
Page 114 and 115: Ternary operator The last condition
Page 116 and 117: The items array has 50 places reser
Page 118 and 119: println(x); x += 1; } while(x
Page 120 and 121: Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
Page 122 and 123: int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
Page 126 and 127: function call above*/ // fill(i*255
Page 128 and 129: If you run this, you should see a 1
Page 130 and 131: yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
Page 132 and 133: void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
Page 134 and 135: createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
Page 138 and 139: 4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
Page 140 and 141: Some of the reasons coding graphics
Page 142 and 143: When working in a 3D coordinate sys
Page 144 and 145: plotted, the vertices are connected
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Page 150 and 151: Within each of these application ar
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Page 154 and 155: Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
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Page 158 and 159: or possibly even a complete crash o
Page 160 and 161: This linear motion would plot as a
Page 162 and 163: and began doubling. By step 80, the
Page 164 and 165: *Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
Page 166 and 167: float waveGap = 10; float frequency
Page 168 and 169: a piece of paper and do a little mo
Page 170 and 171: Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
Page 172: Events will be covered and implemen
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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6 LINES
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Figure 6-2. Two-point sketch Adding
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Streamlining the sketch with a whil
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type into the sketch. Although the
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Figure 6-7. Randomized particle spr
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Figure 6-9. Multiple randomized par
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Coding a grid To begin, I’ll show
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Notice that you can make the value
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float steps = totalPts+1; int total
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Creating space through fades Your l
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for (int j=0; j
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Figure 6-19. Yin Yang Fade sketch,
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coordinates of the line. For exampl
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Figure 6-24. End cap variation exam
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Figure 6-25. Auto Layout sketch Thi
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int xPadding = 150; int yPadding =
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Figure 6-27. Table Layout II sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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This is the same drawTable() functi
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easy. The benefit of internally rec
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I call my custom function makeRect(
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As you might suspect, anti-aliasing
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call scribble function strokeWeight
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else { } // extra line needed to at
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smooth(); float x = random(width);
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Figure 6-36. Concentric Maze sketch
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void setup(){ //these values can be
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Create a Triangle size(400, 400); b
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Figure 6-39. Create 3 Triangles ske
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Poly Pattern I (table structure) /*
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Poly Pattern II (spiral) /* Poly Pa
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Poly Pattern III (polystar) /* Poly
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Figure 6-46. Poly Pattern III (poly
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7 CURVES
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size(200, 200); background(255); in
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You should notice some familiar str
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int margin = height/15; strokeWeigh
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Figure 7-8. Revealing the points ma
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* Curves II Ira Greenberg, December
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lower particle speed ySpeed[i]*=gra
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Figure 7-11. Curves simulating a fo
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Figure 7-13. Damping effect on curv
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particle style strokeWeight(strokeS
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By using functions to organize a pr
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 7-18. Generating a curve wit
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float x = 0, y = 0; int loopLimit =
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concentric circles size(200, 200);
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Pie charts, although valuable as vi
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curve() and bezier() The next two P
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Next is an interactive example that
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Figure 7-27. Interpolating a Bézie
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ezier(350, 100, 400, 150, 350, 250,
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Figure 7-30. Spline curve using Pro
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curve segments noFill(); // comment
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control handles fill(255); ellipse(
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Figure 7-32. bezier() vs. bezierVer
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curveVertex(92+x, 15); curveVertex(
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strokeWeight(.75); stroke(0); rectM
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Figure 7-35. Bézier Ellipse sketch
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I included one last example (shown
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curveTightness(tightness); beginSha
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Summary Curves, and the math behind
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10 COLOR AND IMAGING
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left squares fill(255, 120, 0); rec
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the color. Up to this point in the
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} radius*=ratio; ratio-=.1; } } els
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Figure 10-4. Alpha sketch In this e
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A quick review of creating transfor
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* Nematode - stage 1 Ira Greenberg,
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Figure 10-8. Nematode sketch (stage
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Figure 10-9. Finished Nematode sket
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the decreasing wavelengths of the i
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values, just to illustrate the poss
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lerpColor() uses the same approach
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I want to mention two final points
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column for (int i=x; i
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needs to be increased, as radius in
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Figure 10-19. Wave Gradient sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 10-23. Load an Image sketch
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The image() function has an extra f
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In the last example, I created an a
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Figure 10-27. Simple Image Encrypti
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Figure 10-28. Pixilate sketch The n
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Figure 10-30. Tint sketch Speeding
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* Tint (using bitwise operations) C
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the book that a primitive type is d
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The mask works like an alpha channe
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ect(random(width), random(height),
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This last sketch couldn’t be simp
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separate out and invert component c
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Figure 10-39. GRAY Filter sketch Th
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adius is set high, the blurring can
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lend() PImage Method sketch // both
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Figure 10-45. blend() Function with
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The next sketch utilizes some for l
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In the last example, I used Process
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Inheritance In OOP, inheritance des
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AXIS_VERTICAL from outside the Grad
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y axis if(axis == AXIS_VERTICAL){ f
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calculate differences between color
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c7 = color(0); c8 = color(255); r1
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In the “Imaging” section, you d
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12 INTERACTIVITY
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} public void mouseClicked(MouseEve
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); // in
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initialize x, y x = width/2.0; y =
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float friction = .85; float[]jitter
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nodeYPos = append(nodeYPos, mouseY)
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As usual, I declare global variable
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are filled with black. Using the in
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} } } } } // bottom display window
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color btnUpState = color(200, 200,
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float xSpeed = 0; color movingSquar
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xSpeed-=.2; btn1Background = btnDow
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mouse trails if (isTrailable){ fill
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isTrailsSelected, which changes the
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shapes. The following example, in s
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set initial button background color
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also makes the code a little harder
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stroke(200); rect(eraserBtn[0], era
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} sliderValue = (sliderHandle[0]-sl
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if (!isBrushSelected){ if (mouseX>b
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selection can be active at a time.
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ectBackground = color(255, 0, 0); }
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is smaller (vertically) than the en
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keys 2-8 control number of edges fo
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strokeWeight(strokeWt); float angle
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Summary We began this chapter compa
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A PROCESSING LANGUAGE API
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http://processing.org/. My main obj
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its binary equivalent. I used some
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part of the article as well. My sug
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Example 1: A Java approach void set
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The combination of these two struct
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Example 3: Creating a honeycomb gra
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Conditionals Conditionals and the r
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Shape // top and bottom boundaries
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You’ll notice that by default, th
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start dragging if flag true for (in
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pushMatrix(); rotateY(-frameCount*P
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egular polygon size(400, 400); smoo
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texture(images[3]); vertex(w, -h/2,
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lots of arrays float[]x = new float
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Keyboard Figure A-9. Box Springs sk
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entering CMD). When using a command
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hour hand strokeWeight(2); stroke(5
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In the next example, I use beginRec
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Transformations include moving, sca
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float ang; int rows = 20; int cols
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vertex(-w/2 + shiftX, -h/2 + shiftY
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Lights The Lights section includes
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system, you can try lowering the re
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ankAngle+=bankSpeed; vert = -600 +z
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Setting The Setting section include
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ellipseMode(CORNER); fill(200, 200,
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of this part of the API. These myst
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Image The Image section relates ver
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Loading & Displaying The Loading &
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these elements is the creation of a
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Typography Processing utilizes mult
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This will output a list of all the
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“Operators” will hopefully soun
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The noise() function is an advanced
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B MATH REFERENCE
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After multiplying, you can reduce t
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Here’s an example: When dividing,
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Figure B-1. Using a right triangle
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Here’s how the process works: pic
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In Figure B-5, the point p is at 45
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ect (px, py, 5, 5); stroke(100); li
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manipulation is one area in which b
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the number, as shown in the followi
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Here’s the output: c1 in binary =
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This sketch outputs the following:
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I’m not going to provide examples
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simple-looking paint bucket tool in
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Figure B-7. Color variations filter
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INDEX 776 SYMBOLS AND NUMERICS /* a
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INDEX 778 beginShape function, 209
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INDEX 780 clipping planes, frustum,
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INDEX 782 naming conventions/rules,
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INDEX 784 functions, 440 loadPixels
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INDEX 786 filter function, 452-459
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INDEX 788 minute, 708 modelX/modelY
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INDEX 790 H haptics, 108 has-a rela
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INDEX 792 MouseListener interface,
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INDEX 794 M Mac keyboard shortcuts,
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INDEX 796 classes, 304, 321 constan
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INDEX 798 coding in 3D, 616 mapping
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INDEX 800 procedures see functions
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INDEX 802 Hybrid Shape, 366, 368 Hy
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INDEX 804 radians, converting betwe
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INDEX 806 Nematode sketch, 411, 413
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INDEX 808 text Orbiting Text sketch
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INDEX 810 VERY_HIGH option, encrypt
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