Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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Figure 10-30. Tint sketch Speeding things up with bitwise operations You might have noticed that this last sketch took some time to render (or maybe your computer is faster than mine). There is a faster, albeit lower-level, way to manipulate the individual color components packed inside the color data type. The color data type combines the individual color components alpha, red, green, and blue into 32 bits of data. The structure of the color data type looks like this: AAAAAAAARRRRRRRRGGGGGGGG- BBBBBBBB. Of course, the letters would be replaced by zeros and ones, depending on the color specified. For example, run the following sketch to see the bit string for blue: color c = color(0, 0, 255); println(binary(c)); In the sketch output, the alpha and blue bits are all ones, since I specified maximum value for blue (255), and alpha is 255 by default. Likewise, the red and green bits are all zeros, per the original color value I set—color(0, 0, 255). Bitwise operations allow you to directly manipulate the bits, shifting and even doing simple mathematical operations on them. Bitwise operations are not for everyone, so don’t fret if you can’t deal with this approach. However, it’s good to know that the possibility exists, and they are quite speedy. I provide a detailed overview of bitwise operations in Appendix B, so you might want to read that before trying these next few sketches. If, however, you just want to use bitwise operations with a limited understanding of how they actually work, here’s the highly abridged “recipe” version: COLOR AND IMAGING 443 10
PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COMPUTATIONAL ART 444 To access the red, green, blue, and alpha components from a color c, use the following syntax: int a = c >> 24 & 0xFF; int r = c >> 16 & 0xFF; int g = c >> 8 & 0xFF; int b = c & 0xFF; To combine the individual color components back into a color, use: // combine components back into a 32-bit integer c = (a > 8 & 0xFF; int b = c & 0xFF; int a = c >> 24 & 0xFF; // alter component values r += 100; g -= 50; b += 100; // combine components back into a 32-bit integer c = (a
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
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Hopefully, you were able to success
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function call above*/ // fill(i*255
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If you run this, you should see a 1
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yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
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void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
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createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
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4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
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Some of the reasons coding graphics
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When working in a 3D coordinate sys
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plotted, the vertices are connected
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eally shines. And remember, as you
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need to be stored in memory, and th
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Within each of these application ar
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don’t realize you’re doing it
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Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
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(second-degree) curve has one turni
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or possibly even a complete crash o
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This linear motion would plot as a
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and began doubling. By step 80, the
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*Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
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float waveGap = 10; float frequency
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a piece of paper and do a little mo
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Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
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Events will be covered and implemen
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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6 LINES
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Figure 6-2. Two-point sketch Adding
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Streamlining the sketch with a whil
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type into the sketch. Although the
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Figure 6-7. Randomized particle spr
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Figure 6-9. Multiple randomized par
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Coding a grid To begin, I’ll show
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Notice that you can make the value
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float steps = totalPts+1; int total
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Creating space through fades Your l
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for (int j=0; j
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Figure 6-19. Yin Yang Fade sketch,
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coordinates of the line. For exampl
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Figure 6-24. End cap variation exam
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Figure 6-25. Auto Layout sketch Thi
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int xPadding = 150; int yPadding =
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Figure 6-27. Table Layout II sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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This is the same drawTable() functi
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easy. The benefit of internally rec
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I call my custom function makeRect(
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As you might suspect, anti-aliasing
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call scribble function strokeWeight
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else { } // extra line needed to at
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smooth(); float x = random(width);
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Figure 6-36. Concentric Maze sketch
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void setup(){ //these values can be
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Create a Triangle size(400, 400); b
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Figure 6-39. Create 3 Triangles ske
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Poly Pattern I (table structure) /*
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Poly Pattern II (spiral) /* Poly Pa
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Poly Pattern III (polystar) /* Poly
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Figure 6-46. Poly Pattern III (poly
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7 CURVES
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size(200, 200); background(255); in
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You should notice some familiar str
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int margin = height/15; strokeWeigh
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Figure 7-8. Revealing the points ma
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* Curves II Ira Greenberg, December
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lower particle speed ySpeed[i]*=gra
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Figure 7-11. Curves simulating a fo
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Figure 7-13. Damping effect on curv
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particle style strokeWeight(strokeS
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By using functions to organize a pr
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 7-18. Generating a curve wit
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float x = 0, y = 0; int loopLimit =
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concentric circles size(200, 200);
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Pie charts, although valuable as vi
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curve() and bezier() The next two P
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Next is an interactive example that
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Figure 7-27. Interpolating a Bézie
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ezier(350, 100, 400, 150, 350, 250,
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Figure 7-30. Spline curve using Pro
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curve segments noFill(); // comment
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control handles fill(255); ellipse(
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Figure 7-32. bezier() vs. bezierVer
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curveVertex(92+x, 15); curveVertex(
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strokeWeight(.75); stroke(0); rectM
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Figure 7-35. Bézier Ellipse sketch
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I included one last example (shown
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curveTightness(tightness); beginSha
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Summary Curves, and the math behind
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Page 423 and 424: PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
Page 430 and 431: 10 COLOR AND IMAGING
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Page 444 and 445: Figure 10-8. Nematode sketch (stage
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12 INTERACTIVITY
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} public void mouseClicked(MouseEve
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); // in
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initialize x, y x = width/2.0; y =
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float friction = .85; float[]jitter
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nodeYPos = append(nodeYPos, mouseY)
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As usual, I declare global variable
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are filled with black. Using the in
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} } } } } // bottom display window
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color btnUpState = color(200, 200,
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float xSpeed = 0; color movingSquar
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xSpeed-=.2; btn1Background = btnDow
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mouse trails if (isTrailable){ fill
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isTrailsSelected, which changes the
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shapes. The following example, in s
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set initial button background color
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also makes the code a little harder
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stroke(200); rect(eraserBtn[0], era
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} sliderValue = (sliderHandle[0]-sl
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if (!isBrushSelected){ if (mouseX>b
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selection can be active at a time.
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ectBackground = color(255, 0, 0); }
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is smaller (vertically) than the en
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keys 2-8 control number of edges fo
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strokeWeight(strokeWt); float angle
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Summary We began this chapter compa
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A PROCESSING LANGUAGE API
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http://processing.org/. My main obj
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its binary equivalent. I used some
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part of the article as well. My sug
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Example 1: A Java approach void set
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The combination of these two struct
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Example 3: Creating a honeycomb gra
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Conditionals Conditionals and the r
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Shape // top and bottom boundaries
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You’ll notice that by default, th
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start dragging if flag true for (in
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pushMatrix(); rotateY(-frameCount*P
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egular polygon size(400, 400); smoo
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texture(images[3]); vertex(w, -h/2,
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lots of arrays float[]x = new float
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Keyboard Figure A-9. Box Springs sk
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entering CMD). When using a command
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hour hand strokeWeight(2); stroke(5
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In the next example, I use beginRec
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Transformations include moving, sca
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float ang; int rows = 20; int cols
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vertex(-w/2 + shiftX, -h/2 + shiftY
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Lights The Lights section includes
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system, you can try lowering the re
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ankAngle+=bankSpeed; vert = -600 +z
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Setting The Setting section include
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ellipseMode(CORNER); fill(200, 200,
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of this part of the API. These myst
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Image The Image section relates ver
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Loading & Displaying The Loading &
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these elements is the creation of a
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Typography Processing utilizes mult
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This will output a list of all the
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“Operators” will hopefully soun
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The noise() function is an advanced
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B MATH REFERENCE
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After multiplying, you can reduce t
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Here’s an example: When dividing,
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Figure B-1. Using a right triangle
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Here’s how the process works: pic
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In Figure B-5, the point p is at 45
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ect (px, py, 5, 5); stroke(100); li
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manipulation is one area in which b
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the number, as shown in the followi
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Here’s the output: c1 in binary =
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This sketch outputs the following:
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I’m not going to provide examples
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simple-looking paint bucket tool in
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Figure B-7. Color variations filter
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INDEX 776 SYMBOLS AND NUMERICS /* a
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INDEX 778 beginShape function, 209
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INDEX 780 clipping planes, frustum,
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INDEX 782 naming conventions/rules,
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INDEX 784 functions, 440 loadPixels
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INDEX 786 filter function, 452-459
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INDEX 788 minute, 708 modelX/modelY
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INDEX 790 H haptics, 108 has-a rela
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INDEX 792 MouseListener interface,
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INDEX 794 M Mac keyboard shortcuts,
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INDEX 796 classes, 304, 321 constan
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INDEX 798 coding in 3D, 616 mapping
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INDEX 800 procedures see functions
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INDEX 802 Hybrid Shape, 366, 368 Hy
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INDEX 804 radians, converting betwe
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INDEX 806 Nematode sketch, 411, 413
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INDEX 808 text Orbiting Text sketch
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INDEX 810 VERY_HIGH option, encrypt
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