Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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endRecord function, 710 endShape function applying vertex function, 219 calling vertex function, 210, 698, 699 CLOSE argument, 699 line loops, 226 creating custom 3D cube, 628 bezier() vs. bezierVertex() sketch, 287 extrusion example, 656 plotting shapes, 358, 359 polygon creation sketch, 229 ENIAC computer, 12 enumerated types switch statements, 82 Environment section, Processing API, 678 environmental properties, accessing, 678 equal to operator confusion with assignment operator, 75 relational operators, 73 equals method, Java, 681 equals operator assignment operator compared, 43 eraser Drawing Application example, 591 errors debugging logic errors, 81 debugging using text area, 147 message area indicating, 147 “No accessible method” error, 148 OutOfMemoryError, 433 “Type . . . was not found” error, 148 escape sequences, 380 Event class, Java, 140 event loop Bouncing Ball program, 80 events description, 564 event detection, 139 event handling, 140 focus events, 139 higher/lower levels of detection, 564 interactivity and events, 564–613 key event detection, 605 keyboard events, 139, 603–611 menu events, 139 mouse events, 139, 565–590 polling, 139 types of event, 139 window events, 139 Ewing, Ric, 362 Examples directory Sketchbook submenu, File menu, 151 exception handling, 378 executing code Run/Stop buttons, toolbar, 149 exponential notation, 130 exponentials, 749, 750 Export Application command, File menu, 152 Export button, toolbar, 150 Export command, File menu, 152 Export section Getting Started command, Help menu, 157 Extended option Reference command, Help menu, 158 extends keyword inheritance, 322 object-oriented approach to color/imaging, 469 extrusion, 650 coding in 3D, 650–657 Extrusion Example sketch, 651 hollow box version, 655 solid box version, 655 wireframe box version, 656 F Fade-Spin sketch, 408 fadeScreen function, 159 fading adding fading to sketch, 491 fades creating space, 191–195 horizontal and vertical fade to black, 193 horizontal fade to black, 191 Fading sketch, 492 FAQs Frequently Asked Questions command, 158 Feed, 19 Fermat, Pierre de, 109 File menu, Processing window, 150–152 commands, 151 Export Application command, 152 Export command, 152 New command, 151 Page Setup command, 152 Print command, 152 Save As command, 152 Save command, 152 Sketchbook command, 151 files compiling sketches with hidden files, 148 file names, 148 opening file navigator, 154 saving files, 467 tabs indicating in Processing window, 147 using invalid suffix, 148 Files section, Processing API, 710 fill function changing rendering state color, 726 creating arrays, 404 description, 61, 403, 724 Drawing Application example, 597 stepped radial gradient program, 72 TRIANGLES mode, beginShape(), 369 using 24-bit color, 113 INDEX 785
INDEX 786 filter function, 452–459 BLUR argument, 458, 459 GRAY argument, 457 INVERT argument, 452, 454 OPAQUE argument, 459 POSTERIZE argument, 458 THRESHOLD argument, 456 filters BLUR Filter sketch, 458 code art, 4 From Neg to Pos sketch, 455 GRAY Filter sketch, 457 imaging filters, 448–467 INVERT Filter sketch, 452 POSTERIZE Filter sketch, 458 problem with Photoshop filter, 5 THRESHOLD Filter sketch, 456 Final Cut Pro, Apple, 119 final keyword, Java, 199 class constants, 470 Door class, 383 scribble plotter sketch, 218 static variables, 308 Find command, Edit menu, 153 Find in Reference command, Help menu, 158 Find Next command, Edit menu, 153 Flanagan, Mary, 20 Flash, 118 history of Flash, 37 Float class, Point2D programming algorithmic tree, 47 float data type, 309 rounding on converting float to int, 184 using float type to return float, 179, 662 float function bug in using, 681 float keyword, 309 floor function, 741 flowers Triangle Flower sketch, 351, 352 FlyThrough sketch, 724 focus events, 139 focused property, 678 fonts Create Font command, Tools menu, 155 createFont function, 738 incompatibility of installed fonts, 155 loadFont function, 738, 739 PFont section, Processing API, 737 textFont function, 738 for loop, 87–89 continuous radial gradient, 88 curly braces { }, 62 doubly randomized particle line, 182 Drawing Application example, 597 for-each loop, 89 HoneyComb sketch, 688 how and when for loops render, 486 local scope, 87, 88 mail merge program, 90 Many Bouncing Balls program, 94, 95 multiple points in line sketch using, 178–179 multiple randomized particle lines, 183 printRecipe method, 314 springing, 510 for-each loop, 89 Format for Discourse command, Tools menu, 157 formatting code layout Auto Format command, Tools menu, 155 fractions adding fractions, 749 dividing fractions, 749 multiplying fractions, 748 fragment function, 437 frame rate animation, 117 default, 538 frameRate function, 79 frames Interactive Toroid sketch, 668 saveFrame function, 467, 710 frames per second default, 79 frameworks, 39 Franceschini, Amy, 23 Franke, Herbert W., 15 Frequently Asked Questions command, 158 From Neg to Pos sketch, 455 frustum, camera, 719 Fry, Ben, 5, 8, 22 full stop character dot (.) syntax, 62 function signature, 209 functions, 96–103 see also functions, list of; methods 3D functions, 647 adding custom functions, 159 arguments, 34 functions without arguments, 61 color functions, 419–423 continuous programming mode, 159 curly braces { }, 34, 62 curve functions, 267–298 description, 32 display window functions, 440 interface and implementation of, 319 magic numbers, 102 methods and, 305 multiple versions of, 100 naming conventions, 63 parameterized, 102 parentheses defining, 60
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
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Hopefully, you were able to success
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function call above*/ // fill(i*255
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If you run this, you should see a 1
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yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
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void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
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createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
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4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
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Some of the reasons coding graphics
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When working in a 3D coordinate sys
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plotted, the vertices are connected
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eally shines. And remember, as you
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need to be stored in memory, and th
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Within each of these application ar
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don’t realize you’re doing it
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Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
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(second-degree) curve has one turni
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or possibly even a complete crash o
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This linear motion would plot as a
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and began doubling. By step 80, the
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*Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
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float waveGap = 10; float frequency
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a piece of paper and do a little mo
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Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
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Events will be covered and implemen
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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6 LINES
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Figure 6-2. Two-point sketch Adding
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Streamlining the sketch with a whil
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type into the sketch. Although the
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Figure 6-7. Randomized particle spr
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Figure 6-9. Multiple randomized par
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Coding a grid To begin, I’ll show
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Notice that you can make the value
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float steps = totalPts+1; int total
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Creating space through fades Your l
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for (int j=0; j
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Figure 6-19. Yin Yang Fade sketch,
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coordinates of the line. For exampl
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Figure 6-24. End cap variation exam
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Figure 6-25. Auto Layout sketch Thi
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int xPadding = 150; int yPadding =
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Figure 6-27. Table Layout II sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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This is the same drawTable() functi
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easy. The benefit of internally rec
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I call my custom function makeRect(
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As you might suspect, anti-aliasing
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call scribble function strokeWeight
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else { } // extra line needed to at
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smooth(); float x = random(width);
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Figure 6-36. Concentric Maze sketch
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void setup(){ //these values can be
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Create a Triangle size(400, 400); b
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Figure 6-39. Create 3 Triangles ske
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Poly Pattern I (table structure) /*
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Poly Pattern II (spiral) /* Poly Pa
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Poly Pattern III (polystar) /* Poly
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Figure 6-46. Poly Pattern III (poly
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7 CURVES
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size(200, 200); background(255); in
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You should notice some familiar str
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int margin = height/15; strokeWeigh
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Figure 7-8. Revealing the points ma
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* Curves II Ira Greenberg, December
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lower particle speed ySpeed[i]*=gra
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Figure 7-11. Curves simulating a fo
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Figure 7-13. Damping effect on curv
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particle style strokeWeight(strokeS
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By using functions to organize a pr
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 7-18. Generating a curve wit
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float x = 0, y = 0; int loopLimit =
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concentric circles size(200, 200);
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Pie charts, although valuable as vi
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curve() and bezier() The next two P
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Next is an interactive example that
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Figure 7-27. Interpolating a Bézie
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ezier(350, 100, 400, 150, 350, 250,
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Figure 7-30. Spline curve using Pro
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curve segments noFill(); // comment
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control handles fill(255); ellipse(
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Figure 7-32. bezier() vs. bezierVer
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curveVertex(92+x, 15); curveVertex(
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strokeWeight(.75); stroke(0); rectM
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Figure 7-35. Bézier Ellipse sketch
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I included one last example (shown
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curveTightness(tightness); beginSha
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Summary Curves, and the math behind
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10 COLOR AND IMAGING
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left squares fill(255, 120, 0); rec
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the color. Up to this point in the
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} radius*=ratio; ratio-=.1; } } els
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Figure 10-4. Alpha sketch In this e
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A quick review of creating transfor
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* Nematode - stage 1 Ira Greenberg,
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Figure 10-8. Nematode sketch (stage
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Figure 10-9. Finished Nematode sket
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the decreasing wavelengths of the i
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values, just to illustrate the poss
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lerpColor() uses the same approach
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I want to mention two final points
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column for (int i=x; i
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needs to be increased, as radius in
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Figure 10-19. Wave Gradient sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 10-23. Load an Image sketch
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The image() function has an extra f
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In the last example, I created an a
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Figure 10-27. Simple Image Encrypti
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Figure 10-28. Pixilate sketch The n
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Figure 10-30. Tint sketch Speeding
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* Tint (using bitwise operations) C
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the book that a primitive type is d
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The mask works like an alpha channe
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ect(random(width), random(height),
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This last sketch couldn’t be simp
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separate out and invert component c
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Figure 10-39. GRAY Filter sketch Th
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adius is set high, the blurring can
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lend() PImage Method sketch // both
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Figure 10-45. blend() Function with
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The next sketch utilizes some for l
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In the last example, I used Process
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Inheritance In OOP, inheritance des
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AXIS_VERTICAL from outside the Grad
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y axis if(axis == AXIS_VERTICAL){ f
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calculate differences between color
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c7 = color(0); c8 = color(255); r1
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In the “Imaging” section, you d
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12 INTERACTIVITY
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} public void mouseClicked(MouseEve
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); // in
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initialize x, y x = width/2.0; y =
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float friction = .85; float[]jitter
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nodeYPos = append(nodeYPos, mouseY)
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As usual, I declare global variable
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are filled with black. Using the in
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} } } } } // bottom display window
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color btnUpState = color(200, 200,
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float xSpeed = 0; color movingSquar
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xSpeed-=.2; btn1Background = btnDow
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mouse trails if (isTrailable){ fill
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isTrailsSelected, which changes the
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shapes. The following example, in s
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set initial button background color
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also makes the code a little harder
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stroke(200); rect(eraserBtn[0], era
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} sliderValue = (sliderHandle[0]-sl
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if (!isBrushSelected){ if (mouseX>b
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selection can be active at a time.
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ectBackground = color(255, 0, 0); }
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is smaller (vertically) than the en
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keys 2-8 control number of edges fo
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strokeWeight(strokeWt); float angle
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Summary We began this chapter compa
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A PROCESSING LANGUAGE API
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http://processing.org/. My main obj
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its binary equivalent. I used some
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part of the article as well. My sug
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Example 1: A Java approach void set
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The combination of these two struct
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Example 3: Creating a honeycomb gra
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Conditionals Conditionals and the r
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Shape // top and bottom boundaries
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You’ll notice that by default, th
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start dragging if flag true for (in
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pushMatrix(); rotateY(-frameCount*P
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egular polygon size(400, 400); smoo
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texture(images[3]); vertex(w, -h/2,
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lots of arrays float[]x = new float
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Keyboard Figure A-9. Box Springs sk
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entering CMD). When using a command
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hour hand strokeWeight(2); stroke(5
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In the next example, I use beginRec
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Transformations include moving, sca
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float ang; int rows = 20; int cols
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vertex(-w/2 + shiftX, -h/2 + shiftY
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Lights The Lights section includes
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system, you can try lowering the re
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ankAngle+=bankSpeed; vert = -600 +z
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Setting The Setting section include
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ellipseMode(CORNER); fill(200, 200,
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of this part of the API. These myst
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Image The Image section relates ver
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Loading & Displaying The Loading &
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Page 768 and 769: Typography Processing utilizes mult
Page 770 and 771: This will output a list of all the
Page 772 and 773: “Operators” will hopefully soun
Page 774 and 775: The noise() function is an advanced
Page 778 and 779: B MATH REFERENCE
Page 780 and 781: After multiplying, you can reduce t
Page 782 and 783: Here’s an example: When dividing,
Page 784 and 785: Figure B-1. Using a right triangle
Page 786 and 787: Here’s how the process works: pic
Page 788 and 789: In Figure B-5, the point p is at 45
Page 790 and 791: ect (px, py, 5, 5); stroke(100); li
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Page 796 and 797: Here’s the output: c1 in binary =
Page 798 and 799: This sketch outputs the following:
Page 800 and 801: I’m not going to provide examples
Page 802 and 803: simple-looking paint bucket tool in
Page 804: Figure B-7. Color variations filter
Page 807 and 808: INDEX 776 SYMBOLS AND NUMERICS /* a
Page 809 and 810: INDEX 778 beginShape function, 209
Page 811 and 812: INDEX 780 clipping planes, frustum,
Page 813 and 814: INDEX 782 naming conventions/rules,
Page 815: INDEX 784 functions, 440 loadPixels
Page 819 and 820: INDEX 788 minute, 708 modelX/modelY
Page 821 and 822: INDEX 790 H haptics, 108 has-a rela
Page 823 and 824: INDEX 792 MouseListener interface,
Page 825 and 826: INDEX 794 M Mac keyboard shortcuts,
Page 827 and 828: INDEX 796 classes, 304, 321 constan
Page 829 and 830: INDEX 798 coding in 3D, 616 mapping
Page 831 and 832: INDEX 800 procedures see functions
Page 833 and 834: INDEX 802 Hybrid Shape, 366, 368 Hy
Page 835 and 836: INDEX 804 radians, converting betwe
Page 837 and 838: INDEX 806 Nematode sketch, 411, 413
Page 839 and 840: INDEX 808 text Orbiting Text sketch
Page 841: INDEX 810 VERY_HIGH option, encrypt
show all

Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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