Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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Summary Curves, and the math behind them, offer all sorts of expressive possibilities for creative coding. They are the basis for generating organic forms and, as you’ll see in Chapter 11, natural motion. Of course, all this power does come with some added complexity. As I illustrated in this chapter, Processing allows you to generate curves using standard polynomial and trigonometric equations. Of course, if the math doesn’t do it for you, you can also use Processing’s built-in curve functions. As you progress as a coder, though, I think you’ll find the math stuff really helpful—allowing you to more fully exploit the built-in functions. In Chapter 8, I’ll depart from the math (for a while) and introduce objectoriented programming. CURVES 299 7
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
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Hopefully, you were able to success
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function call above*/ // fill(i*255
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If you run this, you should see a 1
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yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
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void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
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createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
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4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
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Some of the reasons coding graphics
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When working in a 3D coordinate sys
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plotted, the vertices are connected
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eally shines. And remember, as you
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need to be stored in memory, and th
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Within each of these application ar
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don’t realize you’re doing it
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Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
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(second-degree) curve has one turni
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or possibly even a complete crash o
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This linear motion would plot as a
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and began doubling. By step 80, the
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*Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
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float waveGap = 10; float frequency
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a piece of paper and do a little mo
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Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
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Events will be covered and implemen
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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6 LINES
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Figure 6-2. Two-point sketch Adding
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Streamlining the sketch with a whil
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type into the sketch. Although the
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Figure 6-7. Randomized particle spr
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Figure 6-9. Multiple randomized par
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Coding a grid To begin, I’ll show
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Notice that you can make the value
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float steps = totalPts+1; int total
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Creating space through fades Your l
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for (int j=0; j
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Figure 6-19. Yin Yang Fade sketch,
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coordinates of the line. For exampl
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Figure 6-24. End cap variation exam
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Figure 6-25. Auto Layout sketch Thi
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int xPadding = 150; int yPadding =
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Figure 6-27. Table Layout II sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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This is the same drawTable() functi
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easy. The benefit of internally rec
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I call my custom function makeRect(
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As you might suspect, anti-aliasing
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call scribble function strokeWeight
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else { } // extra line needed to at
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smooth(); float x = random(width);
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Figure 6-36. Concentric Maze sketch
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void setup(){ //these values can be
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Create a Triangle size(400, 400); b
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Figure 6-39. Create 3 Triangles ske
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Poly Pattern I (table structure) /*
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Poly Pattern II (spiral) /* Poly Pa
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Poly Pattern III (polystar) /* Poly
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Figure 6-46. Poly Pattern III (poly
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7 CURVES
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size(200, 200); background(255); in
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You should notice some familiar str
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int margin = height/15; strokeWeigh
Page 280 and 281: Figure 7-8. Revealing the points ma
Page 282 and 283: * Curves II Ira Greenberg, December
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Page 286 and 287: Figure 7-11. Curves simulating a fo
Page 288 and 289: Figure 7-13. Damping effect on curv
Page 290 and 291: particle style strokeWeight(strokeS
Page 292 and 293: By using functions to organize a pr
Page 294 and 295: for (int i=0; i
Page 296 and 297: Figure 7-18. Generating a curve wit
Page 298 and 299: float x = 0, y = 0; int loopLimit =
Page 300 and 301: concentric circles size(200, 200);
Page 302 and 303: Pie charts, although valuable as vi
Page 304 and 305: curve() and bezier() The next two P
Page 306 and 307: Next is an interactive example that
Page 308 and 309: Figure 7-27. Interpolating a Bézie
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Page 312 and 313: Figure 7-30. Spline curve using Pro
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Page 318 and 319: Figure 7-32. bezier() vs. bezierVer
Page 320 and 321: curveVertex(92+x, 15); curveVertex(
Page 322 and 323: strokeWeight(.75); stroke(0); rectM
Page 324 and 325: Figure 7-35. Bézier Ellipse sketch
Page 326 and 327: I included one last example (shown
Page 328 and 329: curveTightness(tightness); beginSha
Page 332 and 333: 8 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Page 334 and 335: gle), and so on. These unique attri
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Page 338 and 339: void setBeanType(String beanType){
Page 340 and 341: Obviously, PI is never going to cha
Page 342 and 343: Hopefully you noticed that the only
Page 344 and 345: println(); } } This method may look
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Page 350 and 351: Advanced OOP concepts Next, I’ll
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Page 354 and 355: void setup(){ size(400, 400); backg
Page 356 and 357: a Window object argument */ House(W
Page 358 and 359: The entire SportsGear interface in
Page 360 and 361: Polymorphism Polymorphism sounds a
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Page 366 and 367: Ogre subclass class Ogre extends Cr
Page 370 and 371: 9 SHAPES
Page 372 and 373: void setup(){ size(400, 400); backg
Page 374 and 375: Figure 9-3. ellipseMode() example T
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The blur was generated by increment
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float spin = 0; void setup(){ size(
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Toy Truck int truckW = 300; int tru
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Figure 9-13. Simple Quad sketch Nex
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This is a dense little sketch, so i
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vertex(width/2, 3); vertex(width-ma
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x, y, pts, rad1, rad2 args void mak
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I created five versions of the make
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The Sprocket Creator sketch is simi
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Hybrid Shape 2 size(600, 600); curv
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Figure 9-21. Random Triangles sketc
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vertex(120, 120); vertex(20, 118);
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Figure 9-25. TRIANGLE_STRIP Mode sk
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works by defining the center point
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draw triangle fan void drawPoly(flo
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void setup(){ // create new rectang
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create new rectangle object r1 = ne
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set knob position void setKnob(int
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constructor Door(int w, int h){ thi
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single, double, quad pane int style
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it provides an easy way for users t
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Figure 9-33. Drawing Some Roofs ske
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door.drawDoor(x+w/2-door.w/2, y+h-d
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In laying out the neighborhood, I u
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Summary Beginning with Processing
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11 MOTION
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Working in Java, creating even the
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You can actually use this painting
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Figure 11-3. Painting Stripes II sk
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the distance the rectangle moves ar
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Accessing time Figure 11-4. Collisi
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Acceleration with Gravity float spe
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x+=xSpeed; println("x = " + x + " i
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Before moving on, try experimenting
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ySpeed[i]*=-1.0; // slow down verti
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* find distance for x and y between
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); predC
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A lot more can be done with this co
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Note that the if statement around t
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next ellipse of the worm */ deltaX[
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Finally, the following code, which
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Figure 11-13. Weight on a Spring sk
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calc. damping based on strokeWeight
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corner nodes int nodes = 5; float n
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Springy Dude is not an accurate phy
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float x, y, r = 20; float speedX =
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Normalizing a vector When working w
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placement of the vector within the
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Ira Greenberg, 2/12/07 ************
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} } // detect boundary collision //
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In two dimensions, the surface norm
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We’ll look at this process in ste
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Asteroid shower in three stages Now
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velocity.vx *= damping; } } There
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ground collision if(groundYTemp > -
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draw orb noStroke(); fill(200); ell
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draw ground fill(127); beginShape()
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Figure 11-22. Non-orthogonal Collis
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damping[i] = random(dampingMin, dam
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Rather than deal with another flat,
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with and with void checkGroundColli
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default constructor Ball() { } Ball
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momentum at impact has to go somewh
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Figure 11-25. 1D Collision Using Co
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vFinal[0].vx = ((b[0].m - b[1].m) *
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To avoid unintentional clumping of
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13 3D
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Figure 13-1. Spinning Cube 1 Man, t
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); } voi
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translate(50, 50); fill(0, 255, 0);
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Figure 13-6. Multiple Translations
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Creating a custom cube To begin to
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vertices[8] = new Point3D(w/2,-h/2,
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quadBG[2] = color(30, 30, 175, 150)
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Figure 13-8. Two Rotating Custom Cu
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outer transparent cube noFill(); //
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As complicated as this last sketch
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Figure 13-10. Single Axis 3D Rotati
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The first example I’ll look at si
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Figure 13-11. Custom Rotation of a
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automatic rotation c1.spinnyRotateX
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for (int i=0; i
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Beyond box() and sphere() While the
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Figure 13-13. Brick Tower sketch Th
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Figure 13-14. Extrusion Example ske
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arrays. The x and y values don't ch
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Figure 13-15. Better Extrusion Exam
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ender external skin for (int i=0; i
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draw cylinder tube beginShape(QUAD_
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Figure 13-20. Cube to Pyramid to Co
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1. Generate a circle (actually a po
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vertex(vertices2[j].x, vertices2[j]
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Figure 13-22. Interactive Toroid sk
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Figure 13-26. Interactive Toroid sk
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void keyPressed(){ if(key == CODED)
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PART THREE REFERENCE In Part 1 of t
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INDEX
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animation, 117-119, 482-486 see als
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handling pixel and image data, 113
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importance of color, 400-401 indexe
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generating curve with second-degree
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endRecord function, 710 endShape fu
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pixel functions, 429-432 procedural
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area of triangle, 752 circumference
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loadImage function, 433, 732, 733 L
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Processing libraries, 743 Processin
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modes ellipseMode function, 342, 34
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drawing rectangle with OOP sketch,
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creating custom 3D cube, 625-626 cu
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Transform section, 712-718 Trigonom
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Weight on a Spring, 513, 516 Worm,
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otation of rectangle around XYZ axe
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standardization, 37 state change fo
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TRIANGLES mode, beginShape(), 368,
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