Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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Events will be covered and implemented much more in future chapters. If you’d like to play with another more elaborate interactive example now, download the Tetherball sketch from the code download area on the friends of ED website (www.friendsofed.com/). The sketch includes a fun springing effect, allowing you to drag a bouncy tetherball-like object around the screen. Summary COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY WAY If Chapter 3 was a crash course in coding, this chapter has been a crash course in graphics programming. I discussed some general theory as well as a few application areas in the dynamic field of computer graphics. Taking an image apart and looking under the hood at some low-level graphics processing, you examined the anatomy of computer images down to the pixel level, as well as some of the underlying mathematical and procedural models utilized in their creation. You tackled some of the math theory and equations commonly used in graphics programming, and hopefully you got a sense of the expressive power and creative potential of some of these relatively simple equations. Finally, you learned a little about how interactivity works in Java and Processing. Most of the things covered in this chapter will be revisited throughout the book and expanded upon, so please don’t stress out if you found this chapter overwhelming. I designed it as a general primer, and I realize that it contains a lot of technical information—not to mention some scary math. I suspect that some readers will want to periodically come back to this chapter, especially those totally new to computer graphics; others might want to review some of the equations or code examples in Appendix B. In the next chapter, you’ll explore the Processing language and environment in detail. 141 4
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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Page 124 and 125: Hopefully, you were able to success
Page 126 and 127: function call above*/ // fill(i*255
Page 128 and 129: If you run this, you should see a 1
Page 130 and 131: yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
Page 132 and 133: void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
Page 134 and 135: createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
Page 138 and 139: 4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
Page 140 and 141: Some of the reasons coding graphics
Page 142 and 143: When working in a 3D coordinate sys
Page 144 and 145: plotted, the vertices are connected
Page 146 and 147: eally shines. And remember, as you
Page 148 and 149: need to be stored in memory, and th
Page 150 and 151: Within each of these application ar
Page 152 and 153: don’t realize you’re doing it
Page 154 and 155: Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
Page 156 and 157: (second-degree) curve has one turni
Page 158 and 159: or possibly even a complete crash o
Page 160 and 161: This linear motion would plot as a
Page 162 and 163: and began doubling. By step 80, the
Page 164 and 165: *Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
Page 166 and 167: float waveGap = 10; float frequency
Page 168 and 169: a piece of paper and do a little mo
Page 170 and 171: Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
Page 174 and 175: 5 THE PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT
Page 176 and 177: Returning to Processing—your laun
Page 178 and 179: The Processing window is divided in
Page 180 and 181: The toolbar conveniently contains P
Page 182 and 183: Figure 5-4. Screen capture of Proce
Page 184 and 185: Sketch menu Cut (Cmd+X on OS X; Ctr
Page 186 and 187: Tools menu Figure 5-7 shows a scree
Page 188 and 189: Help menu Copy for Discourse: It is
Page 190 and 191: Continuous mode In continuous mode,
Page 192 and 193: paint stroked rectangles void mouse
Page 194 and 195: cx = width/2; cy = height/2; backgr
Page 196 and 197: otate around Y and X axes rotateY(r
Page 198 and 199: cube count-lower/raise to test P3D/
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Page 202: PART TWO PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTI
Page 205 and 206: PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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8 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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gle), and so on. These unique attri
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default values based on their speci
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void setBeanType(String beanType){
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Obviously, PI is never going to cha
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Hopefully you noticed that the only
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println(); } } This method may look
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String[]toppings; int salsaTemperat
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this.salsaTemperature+" alarm salsa
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Advanced OOP concepts Next, I’ll
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Inheritance in Java is absolutely f
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); backg
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a Window object argument */ House(W
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The entire SportsGear interface in
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Polymorphism Polymorphism sounds a
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that a subclass has access to the s
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forced to literally implement the i
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Ogre subclass class Ogre extends Cr
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9 SHAPES
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); backg
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Figure 9-3. ellipseMode() example T
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ect(103, 120, 130, 100); rectMode(C
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p[1] = new Point(width-1, height-1)
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The blur was generated by increment
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float spin = 0; void setup(){ size(
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Toy Truck int truckW = 300; int tru
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Figure 9-13. Simple Quad sketch Nex
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This is a dense little sketch, so i
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vertex(width/2, 3); vertex(width-ma
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x, y, pts, rad1, rad2 args void mak
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I created five versions of the make
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The Sprocket Creator sketch is simi
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Hybrid Shape 2 size(600, 600); curv
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Figure 9-21. Random Triangles sketc
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vertex(120, 120); vertex(20, 118);
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Figure 9-25. TRIANGLE_STRIP Mode sk
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works by defining the center point
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draw triangle fan void drawPoly(flo
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void setup(){ // create new rectang
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create new rectangle object r1 = ne
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set knob position void setKnob(int
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constructor Door(int w, int h){ thi
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single, double, quad pane int style
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it provides an easy way for users t
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Figure 9-33. Drawing Some Roofs ske
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door.drawDoor(x+w/2-door.w/2, y+h-d
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In laying out the neighborhood, I u
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Summary Beginning with Processing
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11 MOTION
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Working in Java, creating even the
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You can actually use this painting
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Figure 11-3. Painting Stripes II sk
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the distance the rectangle moves ar
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Accessing time Figure 11-4. Collisi
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Acceleration with Gravity float spe
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x+=xSpeed; println("x = " + x + " i
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Before moving on, try experimenting
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ySpeed[i]*=-1.0; // slow down verti
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* find distance for x and y between
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); predC
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A lot more can be done with this co
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Note that the if statement around t
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next ellipse of the worm */ deltaX[
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Finally, the following code, which
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Figure 11-13. Weight on a Spring sk
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calc. damping based on strokeWeight
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corner nodes int nodes = 5; float n
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Springy Dude is not an accurate phy
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float x, y, r = 20; float speedX =
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Normalizing a vector When working w
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placement of the vector within the
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Ira Greenberg, 2/12/07 ************
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} } // detect boundary collision //
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In two dimensions, the surface norm
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We’ll look at this process in ste
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Asteroid shower in three stages Now
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velocity.vx *= damping; } } There
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ground collision if(groundYTemp > -
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draw orb noStroke(); fill(200); ell
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draw ground fill(127); beginShape()
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Figure 11-22. Non-orthogonal Collis
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damping[i] = random(dampingMin, dam
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Rather than deal with another flat,
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with and with void checkGroundColli
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default constructor Ball() { } Ball
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momentum at impact has to go somewh
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Figure 11-25. 1D Collision Using Co
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vFinal[0].vx = ((b[0].m - b[1].m) *
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To avoid unintentional clumping of
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13 3D
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Figure 13-1. Spinning Cube 1 Man, t
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); } voi
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translate(50, 50); fill(0, 255, 0);
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Figure 13-6. Multiple Translations
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Creating a custom cube To begin to
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vertices[8] = new Point3D(w/2,-h/2,
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quadBG[2] = color(30, 30, 175, 150)
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Figure 13-8. Two Rotating Custom Cu
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outer transparent cube noFill(); //
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As complicated as this last sketch
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Figure 13-10. Single Axis 3D Rotati
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The first example I’ll look at si
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Figure 13-11. Custom Rotation of a
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automatic rotation c1.spinnyRotateX
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for (int i=0; i
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Beyond box() and sphere() While the
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Figure 13-13. Brick Tower sketch Th
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Figure 13-14. Extrusion Example ske
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arrays. The x and y values don't ch
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Figure 13-15. Better Extrusion Exam
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ender external skin for (int i=0; i
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draw cylinder tube beginShape(QUAD_
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Figure 13-20. Cube to Pyramid to Co
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1. Generate a circle (actually a po
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vertex(vertices2[j].x, vertices2[j]
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Figure 13-22. Interactive Toroid sk
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Figure 13-26. Interactive Toroid sk
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void keyPressed(){ if(key == CODED)
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PART THREE REFERENCE In Part 1 of t
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INDEX
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animation, 117-119, 482-486 see als
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handling pixel and image data, 113
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importance of color, 400-401 indexe
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generating curve with second-degree
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endRecord function, 710 endShape fu
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pixel functions, 429-432 procedural
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area of triangle, 752 circumference
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loadImage function, 433, 732, 733 L
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Processing libraries, 743 Processin
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modes ellipseMode function, 342, 34
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drawing rectangle with OOP sketch,
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creating custom 3D cube, 625-626 cu
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Transform section, 712-718 Trigonom
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Weight on a Spring, 513, 516 Worm,
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otation of rectangle around XYZ axe
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standardization, 37 state change fo
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TRIANGLES mode, beginShape(), 368,
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