Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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PART TWO PUTTING THEORY INTO PRACTICE I’ve been looking forward to writing this part of the book—this is the part where you can focus less on programming theory and language details, and begin playing with this fascinating medium—which is really what this book is all about. Please try not to worry—if you haven’t quite mastered all the theory and memorized the entire Processing API, I’ll be revisiting all this in the context of exploring fundamental aesthetic principles. In the next few chapters, you’ll be using Processing and code as an experimental, creative medium, not unlike how you would use more traditional materials. In addition, you’ll see how the code medium is distinctive, vis-à-vis other materials, with its own underlying materiality, expressive potential, and aesthetic. This examination will naturally also include concepts of craft, process, and personal expression. I recommend that you keep the Processing environment open as you work through these hands-on chapters, and run the examples as they are covered.
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
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Hopefully, you were able to success
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function call above*/ // fill(i*255
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If you run this, you should see a 1
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yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
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void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
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createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
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4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
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Some of the reasons coding graphics
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When working in a 3D coordinate sys
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plotted, the vertices are connected
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eally shines. And remember, as you
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need to be stored in memory, and th
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Within each of these application ar
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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8 OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
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gle), and so on. These unique attri
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default values based on their speci
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void setBeanType(String beanType){
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Obviously, PI is never going to cha
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Hopefully you noticed that the only
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println(); } } This method may look
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String[]toppings; int salsaTemperat
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this.salsaTemperature+" alarm salsa
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Advanced OOP concepts Next, I’ll
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Inheritance in Java is absolutely f
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); backg
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a Window object argument */ House(W
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The entire SportsGear interface in
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Polymorphism Polymorphism sounds a
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that a subclass has access to the s
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forced to literally implement the i
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Ogre subclass class Ogre extends Cr
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9 SHAPES
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); backg
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Figure 9-3. ellipseMode() example T
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ect(103, 120, 130, 100); rectMode(C
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p[1] = new Point(width-1, height-1)
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The blur was generated by increment
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float spin = 0; void setup(){ size(
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Toy Truck int truckW = 300; int tru
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Figure 9-13. Simple Quad sketch Nex
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This is a dense little sketch, so i
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vertex(width/2, 3); vertex(width-ma
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x, y, pts, rad1, rad2 args void mak
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I created five versions of the make
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The Sprocket Creator sketch is simi
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Hybrid Shape 2 size(600, 600); curv
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Figure 9-21. Random Triangles sketc
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vertex(120, 120); vertex(20, 118);
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Figure 9-25. TRIANGLE_STRIP Mode sk
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works by defining the center point
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draw triangle fan void drawPoly(flo
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void setup(){ // create new rectang
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create new rectangle object r1 = ne
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set knob position void setKnob(int
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constructor Door(int w, int h){ thi
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single, double, quad pane int style
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it provides an easy way for users t
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Figure 9-33. Drawing Some Roofs ske
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door.drawDoor(x+w/2-door.w/2, y+h-d
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In laying out the neighborhood, I u
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Summary Beginning with Processing
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11 MOTION
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Working in Java, creating even the
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You can actually use this painting
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Figure 11-3. Painting Stripes II sk
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the distance the rectangle moves ar
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Accessing time Figure 11-4. Collisi
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Acceleration with Gravity float spe
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x+=xSpeed; println("x = " + x + " i
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Before moving on, try experimenting
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ySpeed[i]*=-1.0; // slow down verti
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* find distance for x and y between
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); predC
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A lot more can be done with this co
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Note that the if statement around t
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next ellipse of the worm */ deltaX[
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Finally, the following code, which
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Figure 11-13. Weight on a Spring sk
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calc. damping based on strokeWeight
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corner nodes int nodes = 5; float n
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Springy Dude is not an accurate phy
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float x, y, r = 20; float speedX =
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Normalizing a vector When working w
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placement of the vector within the
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Ira Greenberg, 2/12/07 ************
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} } // detect boundary collision //
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In two dimensions, the surface norm
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We’ll look at this process in ste
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Asteroid shower in three stages Now
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velocity.vx *= damping; } } There
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ground collision if(groundYTemp > -
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draw orb noStroke(); fill(200); ell
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draw ground fill(127); beginShape()
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Figure 11-22. Non-orthogonal Collis
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damping[i] = random(dampingMin, dam
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Rather than deal with another flat,
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with and with void checkGroundColli
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default constructor Ball() { } Ball
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momentum at impact has to go somewh
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Figure 11-25. 1D Collision Using Co
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vFinal[0].vx = ((b[0].m - b[1].m) *
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To avoid unintentional clumping of
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13 3D
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Figure 13-1. Spinning Cube 1 Man, t
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); } voi
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translate(50, 50); fill(0, 255, 0);
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Figure 13-6. Multiple Translations
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Creating a custom cube To begin to
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vertices[8] = new Point3D(w/2,-h/2,
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quadBG[2] = color(30, 30, 175, 150)
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Figure 13-8. Two Rotating Custom Cu
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outer transparent cube noFill(); //
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As complicated as this last sketch
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Figure 13-10. Single Axis 3D Rotati
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The first example I’ll look at si
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Figure 13-11. Custom Rotation of a
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automatic rotation c1.spinnyRotateX
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for (int i=0; i
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Beyond box() and sphere() While the
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Figure 13-13. Brick Tower sketch Th
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Figure 13-14. Extrusion Example ske
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arrays. The x and y values don't ch
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Figure 13-15. Better Extrusion Exam
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ender external skin for (int i=0; i
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draw cylinder tube beginShape(QUAD_
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Figure 13-20. Cube to Pyramid to Co
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1. Generate a circle (actually a po
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vertex(vertices2[j].x, vertices2[j]
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Figure 13-22. Interactive Toroid sk
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Figure 13-26. Interactive Toroid sk
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void keyPressed(){ if(key == CODED)
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PART THREE REFERENCE In Part 1 of t
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INDEX
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animation, 117-119, 482-486 see als
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handling pixel and image data, 113
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importance of color, 400-401 indexe
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generating curve with second-degree
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endRecord function, 710 endShape fu
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pixel functions, 429-432 procedural
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area of triangle, 752 circumference
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loadImage function, 433, 732, 733 L
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Processing libraries, 743 Processin
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modes ellipseMode function, 342, 34
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drawing rectangle with OOP sketch,
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creating custom 3D cube, 625-626 cu
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Transform section, 712-718 Trigonom
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Weight on a Spring, 513, 516 Worm,
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otation of rectangle around XYZ axe
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standardization, 37 state change fo
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TRIANGLES mode, beginShape(), 368,
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