Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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pixel functions, 429–432 procedural languages, 32, 62 procedural programming, 58, 302 program to draw gray rectangle, 33 recursion, 347 return values, 261 time functions, 491 use of identical keywords for property, 678 writing custom functions, 97, 205 functions, list of see also functions abs, 439 alpha, 422 ambient, 720 append, 575, 578, 682 arc, 268–272, 344, 406 arrayCopy, 446 atan2, 535, 742 background, 61, 177 beginDraw, 735 beginRecord, 710 beginShape, 209 bezier, 273–298 bezierDetail, 298 bezierPoint, 298 bezierTangent, 298 bezierVertex, 284, 287, 368 blend, 452, 459–467 blendColor, 419, 420 blue, 422, 423 box, 647 brightness, 422, 423 ceil, 741 checkBoundaryCollision, 552 checkCollisions, 99 checkGroundCollision, 537 checkObjectCollision, 552 checkOverInitialNode, 575 checkWallCollision, 536 color, 402 colorMode, 417, 726 constrain, 448 cos, 256 createFont, 592, 738 createGradient, 426 createGraphics, 734, 735 createPredatoryTriangle, 504 createRect, 641 createSpring, 513 cursor, 582 curve, 267–298 curveDetail, 298 curveEllipse, 298 curvePoint, 298 curveTightness, 283, 520 curveVertex, 287, 289, 298, 368 day, 708 deselectBtns, 600 detectCollision, 689 draw, 78, 159, 484 drawEdge, 575 drawEllipse, 293 drawNode, 575 drawPoly, 377 drawRectangle, 96, 97 drawTable, 205, 209 ellipse, 61, 342 ellipseMode, 342, 343 emissive, 720 encrypt, 438 endDraw, 735 endRecord, 710 endShape, 210, 698, 699 fadeScreen, 159 fill, 61, 113 filter, 452–459 float, 681 floor, 741 fragment, 437 frameRate, 79 get, 436, 437 getXMotion/getYMotion, 101 green, 422, 423 Hide, 148 hour, 708 hue, 422, 423 image, 434, 733 imageMode, 733 int, 428, 681 isInitialNode, 577 join, 682 keyPressed, 603 keyReleased, 603 lerp, 420 lerpColor, 420, 422 line, 116, 196–199 link, 707 loadFont, 738, 739 loadImage, 433, 732, 733 loadPixels, 429, 431, 732 loop, 491 makePoly, 230 makeRect, 213 makeSprocket, 363 makeWaves, 261 max, 223, 475 millis, 491, 708 min, 223 INDEX 787
INDEX 788 minute, 708 modelX/modelY/modelZ, 720 month, 708 mouseDragged, 568 mouseMoved, 569 mousePressed, 566 mouseReleased, 567, 568 moveShape, 575, 578 nf, 682 noCursor, 678 noFill, 699 noise, 743 noiseSeed, 743 noLoop, 491 noSmooth, 215, 698 noStroke, 61 paintOutlines, 159 param, 707 parameterized, 102 pixel, 429–432 plot, 262 point, 242 popMatrix, 409, 622–624 pow, 265 print, 61 println, 61, 380 printMatrix, 357 pushMatrix, 409, 622–624 quad, 354 radians, 228, 742 random, 34, 742 randomSeed, 743 rect, 97, 112, 341 rectMode, 110, 341, 342 red, 422, 423 repaint, 484 resetMatrix, 355, 409 rotate, 350, 619 rotateVertices, 641 rotateX, 618 round, 742 saturation, 422, 423 save, 467, 710 saveBytes, 710 saveFrame, 467, 710 saveStrings, 710 scale, 352 screenX/screenY/screenZ, 720 scribble, 215, 218 second, 708 seed, 743 set, 424 setEllipse, 293 setGradient, 426 setParticles, 261 setRandomStyle, 140 setSpring, 513 setup, 78, 159 shape, 295, 340–378 shapeVertex, 295 shininess, 720 shorten, 682 sin, 256, 411, 413 size, 60 smooth, 214–219 specular, 720 sphere, 647 sphereDetail, 670, 696 splice, 682 split, 682 status, 707 stroke, 174 strokeCap, 198, 199, 698 strokeJoin, 228, 698 strokeWeight, 198, 698 subset, 578, 682 tan, 535 tessellate, 378 text, 738 textAlign, 740 textAscent, 740 textDescent, 740 textFont, 738 textLeading, 740 textMode, 738, 740 textSize, 740 texture, 699 textureMode, 549, 699 textWidth, 740 time, 491 tint, 442 translate, 350, 409, 618 triangle, 345 triBlur, 347 trim, 682 updatePixels, 431, 732 vertex, 209–214, 219 vertexCurve, 281 year, 708 G geometric progression, 248 geometry area of circle, 754 area of non-intersecting polygon, 754 area of parallelogram, 753 area of rectangle, 752 area of trapezoid, 753
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
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Hopefully, you were able to success
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function call above*/ // fill(i*255
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If you run this, you should see a 1
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yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
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void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
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createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
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4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
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Some of the reasons coding graphics
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When working in a 3D coordinate sys
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plotted, the vertices are connected
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eally shines. And remember, as you
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need to be stored in memory, and th
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Within each of these application ar
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don’t realize you’re doing it
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Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
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(second-degree) curve has one turni
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or possibly even a complete crash o
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This linear motion would plot as a
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and began doubling. By step 80, the
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*Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
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float waveGap = 10; float frequency
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a piece of paper and do a little mo
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Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
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Events will be covered and implemen
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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6 LINES
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Figure 6-2. Two-point sketch Adding
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Streamlining the sketch with a whil
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type into the sketch. Although the
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Figure 6-7. Randomized particle spr
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Figure 6-9. Multiple randomized par
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Coding a grid To begin, I’ll show
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Notice that you can make the value
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float steps = totalPts+1; int total
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Creating space through fades Your l
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for (int j=0; j
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Figure 6-19. Yin Yang Fade sketch,
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coordinates of the line. For exampl
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Figure 6-24. End cap variation exam
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Figure 6-25. Auto Layout sketch Thi
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int xPadding = 150; int yPadding =
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Figure 6-27. Table Layout II sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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This is the same drawTable() functi
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easy. The benefit of internally rec
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I call my custom function makeRect(
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As you might suspect, anti-aliasing
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call scribble function strokeWeight
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else { } // extra line needed to at
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smooth(); float x = random(width);
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Figure 6-36. Concentric Maze sketch
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void setup(){ //these values can be
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Create a Triangle size(400, 400); b
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Figure 6-39. Create 3 Triangles ske
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Poly Pattern I (table structure) /*
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Poly Pattern II (spiral) /* Poly Pa
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Poly Pattern III (polystar) /* Poly
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Figure 6-46. Poly Pattern III (poly
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7 CURVES
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size(200, 200); background(255); in
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You should notice some familiar str
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int margin = height/15; strokeWeigh
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Figure 7-8. Revealing the points ma
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* Curves II Ira Greenberg, December
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lower particle speed ySpeed[i]*=gra
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Figure 7-11. Curves simulating a fo
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Figure 7-13. Damping effect on curv
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particle style strokeWeight(strokeS
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By using functions to organize a pr
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 7-18. Generating a curve wit
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float x = 0, y = 0; int loopLimit =
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concentric circles size(200, 200);
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Pie charts, although valuable as vi
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curve() and bezier() The next two P
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Next is an interactive example that
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Figure 7-27. Interpolating a Bézie
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ezier(350, 100, 400, 150, 350, 250,
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Figure 7-30. Spline curve using Pro
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curve segments noFill(); // comment
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control handles fill(255); ellipse(
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Figure 7-32. bezier() vs. bezierVer
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curveVertex(92+x, 15); curveVertex(
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strokeWeight(.75); stroke(0); rectM
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Figure 7-35. Bézier Ellipse sketch
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I included one last example (shown
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curveTightness(tightness); beginSha
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Summary Curves, and the math behind
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10 COLOR AND IMAGING
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left squares fill(255, 120, 0); rec
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the color. Up to this point in the
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} radius*=ratio; ratio-=.1; } } els
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Figure 10-4. Alpha sketch In this e
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A quick review of creating transfor
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* Nematode - stage 1 Ira Greenberg,
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Figure 10-8. Nematode sketch (stage
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Figure 10-9. Finished Nematode sket
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the decreasing wavelengths of the i
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values, just to illustrate the poss
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lerpColor() uses the same approach
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I want to mention two final points
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column for (int i=x; i
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needs to be increased, as radius in
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Figure 10-19. Wave Gradient sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 10-23. Load an Image sketch
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The image() function has an extra f
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In the last example, I created an a
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Figure 10-27. Simple Image Encrypti
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Figure 10-28. Pixilate sketch The n
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Figure 10-30. Tint sketch Speeding
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* Tint (using bitwise operations) C
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the book that a primitive type is d
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The mask works like an alpha channe
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ect(random(width), random(height),
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This last sketch couldn’t be simp
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separate out and invert component c
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Figure 10-39. GRAY Filter sketch Th
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adius is set high, the blurring can
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lend() PImage Method sketch // both
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Figure 10-45. blend() Function with
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The next sketch utilizes some for l
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In the last example, I used Process
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Inheritance In OOP, inheritance des
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AXIS_VERTICAL from outside the Grad
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y axis if(axis == AXIS_VERTICAL){ f
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calculate differences between color
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c7 = color(0); c8 = color(255); r1
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In the “Imaging” section, you d
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12 INTERACTIVITY
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} public void mouseClicked(MouseEve
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); // in
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initialize x, y x = width/2.0; y =
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float friction = .85; float[]jitter
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nodeYPos = append(nodeYPos, mouseY)
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As usual, I declare global variable
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are filled with black. Using the in
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} } } } } // bottom display window
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color btnUpState = color(200, 200,
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float xSpeed = 0; color movingSquar
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xSpeed-=.2; btn1Background = btnDow
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mouse trails if (isTrailable){ fill
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isTrailsSelected, which changes the
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shapes. The following example, in s
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set initial button background color
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also makes the code a little harder
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stroke(200); rect(eraserBtn[0], era
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} sliderValue = (sliderHandle[0]-sl
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if (!isBrushSelected){ if (mouseX>b
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selection can be active at a time.
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ectBackground = color(255, 0, 0); }
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is smaller (vertically) than the en
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keys 2-8 control number of edges fo
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strokeWeight(strokeWt); float angle
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Summary We began this chapter compa
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A PROCESSING LANGUAGE API
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http://processing.org/. My main obj
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its binary equivalent. I used some
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part of the article as well. My sug
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Example 1: A Java approach void set
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The combination of these two struct
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Example 3: Creating a honeycomb gra
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Conditionals Conditionals and the r
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Shape // top and bottom boundaries
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You’ll notice that by default, th
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start dragging if flag true for (in
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pushMatrix(); rotateY(-frameCount*P
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egular polygon size(400, 400); smoo
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texture(images[3]); vertex(w, -h/2,
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lots of arrays float[]x = new float
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Keyboard Figure A-9. Box Springs sk
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entering CMD). When using a command
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hour hand strokeWeight(2); stroke(5
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In the next example, I use beginRec
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Transformations include moving, sca
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float ang; int rows = 20; int cols
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vertex(-w/2 + shiftX, -h/2 + shiftY
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Lights The Lights section includes
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system, you can try lowering the re
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ankAngle+=bankSpeed; vert = -600 +z
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Setting The Setting section include
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ellipseMode(CORNER); fill(200, 200,
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of this part of the API. These myst
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Image The Image section relates ver
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Loading & Displaying The Loading &
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these elements is the creation of a
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Page 770 and 771: This will output a list of all the
Page 772 and 773: “Operators” will hopefully soun
Page 774 and 775: The noise() function is an advanced
Page 778 and 779: B MATH REFERENCE
Page 780 and 781: After multiplying, you can reduce t
Page 782 and 783: Here’s an example: When dividing,
Page 784 and 785: Figure B-1. Using a right triangle
Page 786 and 787: Here’s how the process works: pic
Page 788 and 789: In Figure B-5, the point p is at 45
Page 790 and 791: ect (px, py, 5, 5); stroke(100); li
Page 792 and 793: manipulation is one area in which b
Page 794 and 795: the number, as shown in the followi
Page 796 and 797: Here’s the output: c1 in binary =
Page 798 and 799: This sketch outputs the following:
Page 800 and 801: I’m not going to provide examples
Page 802 and 803: simple-looking paint bucket tool in
Page 804: Figure B-7. Color variations filter
Page 807 and 808: INDEX 776 SYMBOLS AND NUMERICS /* a
Page 809 and 810: INDEX 778 beginShape function, 209
Page 811 and 812: INDEX 780 clipping planes, frustum,
Page 813 and 814: INDEX 782 naming conventions/rules,
Page 815 and 816: INDEX 784 functions, 440 loadPixels
Page 817: INDEX 786 filter function, 452-459
Page 821 and 822: INDEX 790 H haptics, 108 has-a rela
Page 823 and 824: INDEX 792 MouseListener interface,
Page 825 and 826: INDEX 794 M Mac keyboard shortcuts,
Page 827 and 828: INDEX 796 classes, 304, 321 constan
Page 829 and 830: INDEX 798 coding in 3D, 616 mapping
Page 831 and 832: INDEX 800 procedures see functions
Page 833 and 834: INDEX 802 Hybrid Shape, 366, 368 Hy
Page 835 and 836: INDEX 804 radians, converting betwe
Page 837 and 838: INDEX 806 Nematode sketch, 411, 413
Page 839 and 840: INDEX 808 text Orbiting Text sketch
Page 841: INDEX 810 VERY_HIGH option, encrypt
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