Processing: Creative Coding and Computational Art

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You should notice some familiar structures in this example. I called the smooth() function to turn on anti-aliasing, and I used two while loops nested within a conditional if...else structure to ensure that the line stays in the display window. Try changing the values of the deltaX and deltaY variables to see how the diagonal changes (see Figures 7-3 and 7-4 for a couple of examples). deltaX = .7; deltaY = 1.2; deltaX = 1.4; deltaY = .2; Figure 7-3. A more vertical diagonal Figure 7-4. A more horizontal diagonal CURVES 245 7
PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COMPUTATIONAL ART 246 As the deltaX and deltaY values become farther apart, the line visually approaches either a vertical or horizontal line. The most diagonal line (if there is such a thing) is when deltaX and deltaY are equal, or the change in x and the change in y are equal. As you might have guessed, this is also when the slope is 1. Slope is a very important property in describing motion, which I’ll cover in Chapter 11. Speed is the rate at which position is changing. When you plot a diagonal line as a function of distance and time, as shown in Figure 7-5, the slope of the plotted line is speed. Figure 7-5. Speed plot Creating your first curve Without acceleration, speed is a constant and will always generate a straight line, as the rate of change will be constant. Starting with different constant values of speed, you can change the steepness, or slope, of the line, as the previous example showed, but you can never get a curve if you keep the speed (or slope) constant. Thus, it would seem logical, if you wanted to generate a curve, to use a changing speed value—which is precisely what you’ll do next. This is also the reason why curves, with regard to motion, describe acceleration, or the change in speed. This next sketch (shown in Figure 7-6) is a curve plot: /* Curve I Ira Greenberg, December 3, 2005 */ size(200, 200); background(255);
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IrA GreenberG CreATe CoDe ArT, vIsu
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Processing: Creative Coding and Com
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CONTENTS AT A GLANCE Foreword . . .
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CONTENTS Foreword . . . . . . . . .
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CONTENTS viii The joy of math . . .
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CONTENTS x Applying OOP to shape cr
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CONTENTS xii Environment . . . . .
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FOREWORD If you are like me (and th
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ABOUT THE AUTHOR With an eclectic b
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am very fortunate
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INTRODUCTION Welcome to Processing:
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INTRODUCTION xxii Intended audience
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INTRODUCTION xxiv Setting up Proces
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INTRODUCTION xxvi Hopefully by now
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INTRODUCTION xxviii Figure 3. Scree
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INTRODUCTION xxx New or changed cod
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1 CODE ART
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The problem with a Photoshop filter
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Figure 1-3. Example of ancient art
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then jump 400 years to 1614 and Joh
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fertile imagination remained intact
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As an aside, it’s worth observing
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John Whitney Sr., 1918-1995 John Wh
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algorithms. To learn more about Coh
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landfill/), and Feed (www.potatolan
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periodicals such as Art Journal, Wi
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And many more . . . While I have in
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2 CREATIVE CODING
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I think what was reinforced for me
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customized commands, and run loops.
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of code that work like processing m
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introduced to become larger, more c
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Without getting too geeky, the main
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A framework is just a concept for b
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algorithm in a math class in high s
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frame. The loop keeps running and k
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the time to play at whatever level
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} pts[counter2].y-yg); xg*=-1; coun
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The overall movement was good, but
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Obviously, there are a lot of thing
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} } // generates organic looking br
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3 CODE GRAMMAR 101
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Your first program In most programm
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message comes up on the bar in the
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Since the getBreed() method would r
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Variables Variables are essential t
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It’s because strict typing helps
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Stage 3 adds the gradient: /* title
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Next, I assign values to some primi
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In the first preceding example, add
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Assignment operators The only other
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* title: Bouncing Ball description:
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Animation is a perfect example of t
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if (hunger= starving) { eatAnything
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Ternary operator The last condition
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The items array has 50 places reser
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println(x); x += 1; } while(x
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Figure 3-4. Continuous radial gradi
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int ballCount = 500; int ballSize =
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Hopefully, you were able to success
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function call above*/ // fill(i*255
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If you run this, you should see a 1
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yspeed*=-1; } } Within the draw() f
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void checkCollisions(int xp, int yp
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createRect(50, 50, 100, 100, 20, 5,
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4 COMPUTER GRAPHICS, THE FUN, EASY
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Some of the reasons coding graphics
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When working in a 3D coordinate sys
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plotted, the vertices are connected
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eally shines. And remember, as you
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need to be stored in memory, and th
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Within each of these application ar
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don’t realize you’re doing it
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Geometry Like algebra, geometry dat
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(second-degree) curve has one turni
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or possibly even a complete crash o
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This linear motion would plot as a
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and began doubling. By step 80, the
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*Simple Repeating Wave Pattern Ira
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float waveGap = 10; float frequency
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a piece of paper and do a little mo
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Interactivity Figure 4-13. Puff Peo
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Events will be covered and implemen
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PROCESSING: CREATIVE CODING AND COM
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6 LINES
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Figure 6-2. Two-point sketch Adding
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Streamlining the sketch with a whil
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type into the sketch. Although the
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Figure 6-7. Randomized particle spr
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Figure 6-9. Multiple randomized par
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Coding a grid To begin, I’ll show
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Notice that you can make the value
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float steps = totalPts+1; int total
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Creating space through fades Your l
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for (int j=0; j
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Page 230 and 231: Figure 6-24. End cap variation exam
Page 232 and 233: Figure 6-25. Auto Layout sketch Thi
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Page 236 and 237: Figure 6-27. Table Layout II sketch
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Page 240 and 241: This is the same drawTable() functi
Page 242 and 243: easy. The benefit of internally rec
Page 244 and 245: I call my custom function makeRect(
Page 246 and 247: As you might suspect, anti-aliasing
Page 248 and 249: call scribble function strokeWeight
Page 250 and 251: else { } // extra line needed to at
Page 252 and 253: smooth(); float x = random(width);
Page 254 and 255: Figure 6-36. Concentric Maze sketch
Page 256 and 257: void setup(){ //these values can be
Page 258 and 259: Create a Triangle size(400, 400); b
Page 260 and 261: Figure 6-39. Create 3 Triangles ske
Page 262 and 263: Poly Pattern I (table structure) /*
Page 264 and 265: Poly Pattern II (spiral) /* Poly Pa
Page 266 and 267: Poly Pattern III (polystar) /* Poly
Page 268 and 269: Figure 6-46. Poly Pattern III (poly
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Page 278 and 279: int margin = height/15; strokeWeigh
Page 280 and 281: Figure 7-8. Revealing the points ma
Page 282 and 283: * Curves II Ira Greenberg, December
Page 284 and 285: lower particle speed ySpeed[i]*=gra
Page 286 and 287: Figure 7-11. Curves simulating a fo
Page 288 and 289: Figure 7-13. Damping effect on curv
Page 290 and 291: particle style strokeWeight(strokeS
Page 292 and 293: By using functions to organize a pr
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Page 296 and 297: Figure 7-18. Generating a curve wit
Page 298 and 299: float x = 0, y = 0; int loopLimit =
Page 300 and 301: concentric circles size(200, 200);
Page 302 and 303: Pie charts, although valuable as vi
Page 304 and 305: curve() and bezier() The next two P
Page 306 and 307: Next is an interactive example that
Page 308 and 309: Figure 7-27. Interpolating a Bézie
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Page 312 and 313: Figure 7-30. Spline curve using Pro
Page 314 and 315: curve segments noFill(); // comment
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Page 318 and 319: Figure 7-32. bezier() vs. bezierVer
Page 320 and 321: curveVertex(92+x, 15); curveVertex(
Page 322 and 323: strokeWeight(.75); stroke(0); rectM
Page 324 and 325: Figure 7-35. Bézier Ellipse sketch
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I included one last example (shown
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curveTightness(tightness); beginSha
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Summary Curves, and the math behind
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10 COLOR AND IMAGING
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left squares fill(255, 120, 0); rec
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the color. Up to this point in the
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} radius*=ratio; ratio-=.1; } } els
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Figure 10-4. Alpha sketch In this e
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A quick review of creating transfor
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* Nematode - stage 1 Ira Greenberg,
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Figure 10-8. Nematode sketch (stage
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Figure 10-9. Finished Nematode sket
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the decreasing wavelengths of the i
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values, just to illustrate the poss
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lerpColor() uses the same approach
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I want to mention two final points
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column for (int i=x; i
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needs to be increased, as radius in
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Figure 10-19. Wave Gradient sketch
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for (int i=0; i
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Figure 10-23. Load an Image sketch
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The image() function has an extra f
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In the last example, I created an a
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Figure 10-27. Simple Image Encrypti
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Figure 10-28. Pixilate sketch The n
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Figure 10-30. Tint sketch Speeding
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* Tint (using bitwise operations) C
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the book that a primitive type is d
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The mask works like an alpha channe
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ect(random(width), random(height),
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This last sketch couldn’t be simp
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separate out and invert component c
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Figure 10-39. GRAY Filter sketch Th
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adius is set high, the blurring can
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lend() PImage Method sketch // both
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Figure 10-45. blend() Function with
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The next sketch utilizes some for l
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In the last example, I used Process
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Inheritance In OOP, inheritance des
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AXIS_VERTICAL from outside the Grad
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y axis if(axis == AXIS_VERTICAL){ f
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calculate differences between color
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c7 = color(0); c8 = color(255); r1
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In the “Imaging” section, you d
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12 INTERACTIVITY
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} public void mouseClicked(MouseEve
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void setup(){ size(400, 400); // in
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initialize x, y x = width/2.0; y =
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float friction = .85; float[]jitter
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nodeYPos = append(nodeYPos, mouseY)
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As usual, I declare global variable
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are filled with black. Using the in
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} } } } } // bottom display window
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color btnUpState = color(200, 200,
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float xSpeed = 0; color movingSquar
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xSpeed-=.2; btn1Background = btnDow
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mouse trails if (isTrailable){ fill
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isTrailsSelected, which changes the
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shapes. The following example, in s
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set initial button background color
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also makes the code a little harder
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stroke(200); rect(eraserBtn[0], era
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} sliderValue = (sliderHandle[0]-sl
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if (!isBrushSelected){ if (mouseX>b
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selection can be active at a time.
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ectBackground = color(255, 0, 0); }
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is smaller (vertically) than the en
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keys 2-8 control number of edges fo
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strokeWeight(strokeWt); float angle
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Summary We began this chapter compa
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A PROCESSING LANGUAGE API
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http://processing.org/. My main obj
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its binary equivalent. I used some
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part of the article as well. My sug
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Example 1: A Java approach void set
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The combination of these two struct
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Example 3: Creating a honeycomb gra
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Conditionals Conditionals and the r
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Shape // top and bottom boundaries
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You’ll notice that by default, th
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start dragging if flag true for (in
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pushMatrix(); rotateY(-frameCount*P
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egular polygon size(400, 400); smoo
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texture(images[3]); vertex(w, -h/2,
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lots of arrays float[]x = new float
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Keyboard Figure A-9. Box Springs sk
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entering CMD). When using a command
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hour hand strokeWeight(2); stroke(5
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In the next example, I use beginRec
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Transformations include moving, sca
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float ang; int rows = 20; int cols
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vertex(-w/2 + shiftX, -h/2 + shiftY
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Lights The Lights section includes
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system, you can try lowering the re
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ankAngle+=bankSpeed; vert = -600 +z
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Setting The Setting section include
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ellipseMode(CORNER); fill(200, 200,
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of this part of the API. These myst
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Image The Image section relates ver
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Loading & Displaying The Loading &
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these elements is the creation of a
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Typography Processing utilizes mult
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This will output a list of all the
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“Operators” will hopefully soun
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The noise() function is an advanced
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B MATH REFERENCE
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After multiplying, you can reduce t
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Here’s an example: When dividing,
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Figure B-1. Using a right triangle
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Here’s how the process works: pic
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In Figure B-5, the point p is at 45
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ect (px, py, 5, 5); stroke(100); li
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manipulation is one area in which b
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the number, as shown in the followi
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Here’s the output: c1 in binary =
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This sketch outputs the following:
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I’m not going to provide examples
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simple-looking paint bucket tool in
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Figure B-7. Color variations filter
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INDEX 776 SYMBOLS AND NUMERICS /* a
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INDEX 778 beginShape function, 209
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INDEX 780 clipping planes, frustum,
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INDEX 782 naming conventions/rules,
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INDEX 784 functions, 440 loadPixels
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INDEX 786 filter function, 452-459
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INDEX 788 minute, 708 modelX/modelY
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INDEX 790 H haptics, 108 has-a rela
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INDEX 792 MouseListener interface,
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INDEX 794 M Mac keyboard shortcuts,
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INDEX 796 classes, 304, 321 constan
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INDEX 798 coding in 3D, 616 mapping
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INDEX 800 procedures see functions
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INDEX 802 Hybrid Shape, 366, 368 Hy
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INDEX 804 radians, converting betwe
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INDEX 806 Nematode sketch, 411, 413
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INDEX 808 text Orbiting Text sketch
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INDEX 810 VERY_HIGH option, encrypt
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