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134 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. [part in.
York are, Scincus, Tropidolepis, Pkstiodon, Lygosoriia, Ameiva, and
Fhry7iosoma.
Tortoises, especially the fresh-water kind, are very abun-
dant; and the genera Aromochelys, Chelydra, Terrapene, and
Trionyx, are nearly, if not quite, confined to this division of the
region.
Amphibia.—Almost all the remarkable forms of XJrodela, or
tailed batrachians, peculiar to the region are found here only; such
as Siren and Pseudobranchus, constituting the family Sirenidse
an
Menobranchus, allied to the Proteus of Europe ; AmpUuma,
eel-like creature with four rudimentary feet, constituting the
family Amphiumidae; Notopthalmus, Desmognathus, and Meno-
poma, belonging to the Salamandridse ; together with several
other genera of wider range. Of Anura, or tail-less batrachians,
there are no peculiar genera, but the Neotropical genus of toads,
Engijstoma, extends as far as South Carolina.
Fishes.—Owing to its possession of the Mississippi and the
great lakes, almost all the peculiar forms of North American
fishes are confined to this sub-region. Such are Perca, Pileoma,
Euro, Bryttus, and Pomotis (Percidse) ; the families Aphredode-
ridse and Percopsidse ; several genera of Cyprinodontidse and
Cyprinidse ;
and the family Polydontidse.
Islands of the Alleghany Sub-region.
The Bermudas.—These islands, situated in the Atlantic, about
700 miles from the coast of Carohna, are chiefly interesting for
the proof they afford of the power of a great variety of birds to
cross so wide an extent of ocean. There are only 6 or 8 species
of birds which are permanent residents on the islands, all common
North American species ; while no less than 140 species
have been recorded as visiting them. Most of these are
stragglers, many only noticed once ; others appear frequently
and in great numbers, but very few, perhaps not a dozen, come
every year, and can be considered regular migrants. The permanent
residents are, a greenlet ( Vireo novebm-acensis), the cat-
bird (Galeoscoptes carolinensis), the blue bird {Sialia sialis), the
cardinal {Cardinalis virginianus), the American crow {Corvus
;