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CHAP. XX.] FISHES. 451
Family 75.—CYPKlNlDiE. (109 Genera, 790 Species.)
" Fresh-water fishes, generally scaly, with no adipose fin, and
pharyngeal teeth only, the mouth being toothless."
Distribution,—Fresh waters of the Old World and North
America, but absent from Australia and South America.
This enormous family is divided by Dr. Giinther into fourteen
groups, the distribution of which is as follows :
— —
Catostomina (4 genera). North America and North-east Asia ;
Cyprinina (39 genera), same range as the family ; Eohteichthyina
(1 genus), Malay Archipelago ; Leptobarbina (1 genus), Malay
Archipelago ; Easborina (5 genera), East Africa to China and
Borneo ; Semiplotina (2 genera), "Western Asia ; Xenocypridina
(3 genera). Eastern Asia ; Leuciscina (10 genera), Palsearctic
and Nearctic regions ; Rhodeina (3 genera), Palsearctic region ;
Danionina (9 genera), India to China and Japan ;
Hypophthal-
michthyina (1 genus), China; Abramidina (16 genera), same
range as the family ;
Homalopterina (2 genera), India to Java ;
Cobitidina (10 genera), Palaearctic and Oriental regions.
The following is the distribution of the genera :
Catostomus (16 sp.), Nearctic region and Eastern Siberia;
Moxostoma (2 sp.). Eastern United States ; Sderognathus (5 sp.),
Temperate North America to Guatemala, also Northern China
Carpiodes (1 sp.). United States ; Cyprinus (2 sp.), Temperate
parts of Palsearctic region (1 sp. British); Carassius (3 sp.).
Temperate Palsearctic region (1 sp. British); Catla (1 sp.).
Continental India ; Cirrhina (5 sp.), Continental India to China;
Dangila (6 sp.), Java, Sumatra, Borneo; Osteochilus (14 sp.),
Siam to Java and Sumatra ; Laheo (27 sp.). Tropical Africa and
Oriental region: Tylognathus (10 sp.), Syria, India to Java;
Ahrostomus (2 sp.), South Africa ; Discognathus (4 sp.), Syria to
India and Java, mostly in mountain streams ; Crossochilus (9 sp.),
India to Sumatra and Java ; Gijmnostomus (7 sp.). Continental
India ; EpalzeorTiynchus (1 sp.), Sumatra and Borneo ; Capoeta
(13 sp.). Western Asia; Barlus (163 sp.). Temperate or Tropical
;