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516 GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. [part iv.<br />

Macroceramus (27 sp.), Antilles, Florida, and Peru. The<br />

species have been more than doubled.<br />

Vitrina (26 sp.), widely scattered through North and Central<br />

Europe, North-west America and Greenland, Abyssinia, Mada-<br />

gascar and South Africa, Himalayas to Burmah and Australia.<br />

Species since described have more than doubled the number in<br />

this genus.<br />

Orthalicus (23 sp.), Bolivia to Mexico and Antilles. This genus<br />

has been increased to about 40 species.<br />

Sagda (19 sp.), Antilles only. Very few new species, if any,<br />

have been described.<br />

Zonites (12 sp.). South Europe, with one species of a distinct<br />

type in Guatemala. The number of species in this genus has<br />

been since about tripled.<br />

Leucocliroa (11 sp.), Mediterranean region to Syria and<br />

Arabia Petrea.<br />

Simpulopsis (7 sp.), Bahia, Antilles, and far away in the<br />

Solomon Islands. Two or three have been added.<br />

Balea (6 sp.), Middle and North Europe, Brazil, and the<br />

Island of Tristan d'Acunha.<br />

Daudebardia (6 sp.). Central and South Europe ; and a species<br />

has since been discovered in New Zealand.<br />

Macrocydes (4 sp.), Chili, California, Oregon and Central<br />

North America.<br />

Cohcmna (3 sp.). West Africa, Princes Islands and Madagascar.<br />

Stenopus (2 sp.). Island of St. Vincent (West Indies.)<br />

Pfeifferia (2 sp.), Philippines and Moluccas.<br />

Testacella (2 sp.). West Europe and Teneriffe. About 8 species<br />

have been since described, including one from New Zealand.<br />

Fossil species of Helix, Bulimus, Achat ina, Balea, and Clau-<br />

silia, are found in all the Tertiary formations ; while a species<br />

of Pupa (as already stated) occurs in the carboniferous forma-<br />

tion. For interesting details of the distribution of the sub-<br />

genera and species of Achatinella in the Sandwich Islands, see a<br />

paper by Eev. J. T. Gulick in the Journal of the Linnean<br />

Society. (Zoology, vol. xi. p. 496.)

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