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438 GEOGRAPHICAL ZOOLOGY. [part iv.
these, except the last, are confined to the Mediterranean and the
Atlantic as far as Madeira. Eight other genera are characteristic
of the Atlantic, most of them being West Indian, but one from
the coasts of Xorth America. Seven genera are common to all
the great oceans ; the remainder being confined to the Indian
and Pacific Oceans, ranging from Japan to New Zealand, but
being far more abundant between the Tropics.
Family 50.—EMBROTOCID^. (2 Genera, 17 Species.)
" Marine viviparous fishes, with compressed elevated bodies
covered with cycloid scales, and with small teeth."
Distribution.—Pacific Ocean from Japan and California
northwards. One species enters the fresh waters of California.
Family 51.—GERPJDyE. (1 Genus, 28 Species.)
" Marine fishes, with compressed oblong bodies covered with
minutely serrated scales, and with small teeth."
Distribution.—Tropical seas ; ranging south as far as the
Cape of Good Hope and Australia, and north to Japan and
(one species) to New Jersey, U.S.
Family 52.—CHROMID^. (19 Genera, 100 Species.)
" Fresh-water herbivorous or carnivorous fishes, with elevated
or elongate scaly bodies, and small teeth."
Distribution.—The Oriental, Ethiopian, and Neotropical re-
gions.
Eutroplus (2 sp.) is from the rivers of Southern India and
Ceylon; Chromis (15 sp.), Sarotherodon (2 sp.), and Hemi-
chromis (4 sp.), are from the rivers and lakes 'of Africa, ex-
tending to the Sahara and Palestine. The remaining 15 genera
are American, and several of them have a restricted distribution.
Acara (17 sp.) inhabits Tropical South America and the
Antilles ; Theraps (1 sp.), Guatemala ; Heros (26 sp.), Texas and